JavaWeb开发之SSH框架整合——Struts2+Spring3+Hibernate3三大框架的整合
Struts2+Spring3+Hibernate3导包
Struts2导包与配置
Struts2/apps/struts2-blank.war/WEB-INF/lib/*.jar
如下图所示：
导入与Spring整合的jar包
- struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.15.1.jar 用于Struts2整合Spring
- struts2-json-plugin-2.3.15.1.jar 用于Struts2整合AJAX
- struts2-convention-plugin-2.3.15.1.jar 用于Struts使用注解
配置web.xml
struts2
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
struts2
/*
Spring导包与配置
Spring3.2开发最基本的jar包
- spring-beans-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
- spring-context-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
- spring-core-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
- spring-expression-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
- com.springsource.org.apache.commons.logging-1.1.1.jar
- com.springsource.org.apache.log4j-1.2.15.jar
- spring-aop-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
- spring-aspects-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
- com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar
- com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver-1.6.8.RELEASE.jar
Spring JDBC开发
- spring-jdbc-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
- spring-tx-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
Spring事务管理
- spring-tx-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
Spring整合其他ORM框架
- spring-orm-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
Spring在web中使用
- spring-web-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
Spring整合Junit测试
- spring-test-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
(注意：Spring中没有引入c3p0和数据库驱动)
配置：
在src或者WEB-INF下新建applicationContext.xml、在src下新建并配置log4j.properties
在web.xml中配置监听器
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
contextConfigLocation
classpath:applicationContext.xml
log4j.properties
### direct log messages to stdout ###
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### direct messages to file mylog.log ###
log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.file.File=c:/mylog.log
log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###
log4j.rootLogger=off, stdout
WebApplicationContext context=WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
Hibernate的导包与配置
需要导入的jar包如下
解压根目录/hibernate3.jar
解压根目录/lib/required/*.jar 如下图所示
解压根目录/lib/jpa/hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jar
数据库连接池c3p0—解压根目录/lib/optional/c3p0/c3p0-0.9.1.jar
整合log4j:slf4j-log4j12-1.7.2.jar(需单独下载)、log4j-1.2.16.jar(在Spring导包时已经导入)
使用二级缓存Ehcache(需单独下载,解压后):
- commons-logging.jar(在Spring导包时已导入)
- backport-util-concurrent.jar
- ehcache-1.5.0.jar
数据库驱动:
- mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar
进行配置:
在src下创建hibernate.cfg.xml
在PO所在包下创建 类名.hbm.xml
在hibernate.cfg.xml中通过完成持久化类映射
Configurationconfiguration = new Configuration().configure();
SessionFactorysessionFactory= configuration.buildSessionFactory();
Sessionsession = sessionFactory.openSession()/ getCurrentSession();
Transactiontransaction = session.beginTransaction();
数据库操作
transaction.commit();创建包结构
- ssh1.test.action
- ssh1.test.dao
- ssh1.test.service
- ssh1.test.vo
创建实体类Book
新建一个JSP页面addBook.jsp
图书名称:
图书价格:
创建BookService、BookDao、BookAction
配置struts.xml
Struts2和Spring整合的两种方式
方式一: 由Struts2自己管理Action
导入struts2-spring-plugin-x.x.x.jar
Action对象的创建由Struts2自己管理
在struts.xml中配置Action
struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire = name方式二: Action的创建交由Spring进行管理
也需要导入struts2-spring-plugin-x.x.x.jar
可以在struts.xml中的对应的标签上通过一个伪类名方式进行配置
推荐使用第二种方式，在Spring中管理的类，可以对其进行AOP开发，统一的管理
注意：由Sping统一管理创建Action时 一定要声明为scope="prototype" 否则会有线程安全问题
Spring整合Hibernate
整合方式一:零障碍整合(含有hibernate.cfg.xml)
具体源代码可以上我的GitHub上下载https://github.com/LX1993728/ssh1
可以在Spring中引入Hibernate的配置文件
1. 通过LocalSessionFactoryBean在spring中直接引用Hibernate的配置文件
public class BookDao extends HibernateDaoSupport {
public void save(Book book) {
System.out.println("DAO层保存图书");
this.getHibernateTemplate().save(book);
}
}
代码如下：
Book
package ssh1.test.vo;
public class Book {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Double price;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(Double price) {
this.price = price;
}
}
package ssh1.test.dao;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import ssh1.test.vo.Book;
public class BookDao extends HibernateDaoSupport {
public void save(Book book) {
System.out.println("DAO层保存图书");
this.getHibernateTemplate().save(book);
}
}
package ssh1.test.service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import ssh1.test.dao.BookDao;
import ssh1.test.vo.Book;
@Transactional(isolation = Isolation.DEFAULT, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED, readOnly = false)
public class BookService {
private BookDao bookDao;
public void setBookDao(BookDao bookDao) {
this.bookDao = bookDao;
}
public void add(Book book) {
System.out.println("Service层保存图书......");
bookDao.save(book);
}
}package ssh1.test.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import ssh1.test.service.BookService;
import ssh1.test.vo.Book;
public class BookAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven {
private BookService bookService;
public void setBookService(BookService bookService) {
this.bookService = bookService;
}
// 模型驱动类
private Book book=new Book();
public Book getModel() {
return book;
}
// 请求处理的方法
public String add() {
System.out.println("web层的方法添加执行了......");
bookService.add(book);
return NONE;
}
}
com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc:mysql:///ssh1
root
root
org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
true
true
false
update
org.hibernate.connection.C3P0ConnectionProvider
5
20
120
3000
### direct log messages to stdout ###
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### direct messages to file mylog.log ###
log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.file.File=c:/mylog.log
log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###
log4j.rootLogger=info, stdout
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s"%>
Insert title here
添加图书
图书名称:
图书价格:
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
contextConfigLocation
classpath:applicationContext.xml
struts2
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
struts2
/*
index.jsp
方式二: 没有Hibernate配置文件的形式
不再需要Hibernate配置文件的形式，将Hibernate配置文件的信息直接配置到Spring中。
Hibernate配置文件的信息包括: 连接数据库基本参数、Hibernate常用属性、连接池和映射
将Hibernate配置文件相关的信息整合到Spring中
1.连接池
org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
true
true
update
false
none
classpath:ssh2/test/vo
- Serializable save(Object entity):保存数据
- void update(Object entity) :修改数据
- void delete(Object entity) :删除数据
T get(Class entityClass, Serializable id):根据ID进行检索.立即检索 T load(Class entityClass, Serializable id) :根据ID进行检索.延迟检索. - List find(String queryString, Object... values) :支持HQL查询.直接返回List集合.
- List findByCriteria(DetachedCriteria criteria) :离线条件查询.
- List findByNamedQuery(String queryName, Object... values):命名查询的方式.
load延迟加载 一旦session关闭后就会在使用数据时出现异常，可以在web.xml中通过配置OpenSessionInView过滤器来解决代理对象在Session关闭后导致延迟加载无法取出数据的问题
OpenSessionInViewFilter
org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter
OpenSessionInViewFilter
/*
具体实现代码如下：有兴趣的可以上我GitHub上下载https://github.com/LX1993728/ssh2
Book
package ssh2.test.vo;
public class Book {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Double price;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(Double price) {
this.price = price;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Book [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", price=" + price + "]";
}
}
from Book where name = ?
package ssh2.test.dao;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.criterion.DetachedCriteria;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import ssh2.test.vo.Book;
public class BookDao extends HibernateDaoSupport {
public void save(Book book) {
System.out.println("DAO层保存图书");
this.getHibernateTemplate().save(book);
}
public void update(Book book) {
this.getHibernateTemplate().update(book);
}
public void delete(Book book) {
this.getHibernateTemplate().delete(book);
}
public Book findById(Integer id) {
return this.getHibernateTemplate().get(Book.class, id);
}
public List findAll() {
return this.getHibernateTemplate().find("from Book");
}
public List findByCriteria(DetachedCriteria criteria) {
return this.getHibernateTemplate().findByCriteria(criteria);
}
public List findByName(String name) {
return this.getHibernateTemplate().findByNamedQuery("findByName", name);
}
public Book findByIdLazy(Integer id) {
return this.getHibernateTemplate().load(Book.class, id);
}
}
package ssh2.test.service;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.criterion.DetachedCriteria;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import ssh2.test.dao.BookDao;
import ssh2.test.vo.Book;
@Transactional(isolation = Isolation.DEFAULT, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED, readOnly = false)
public class BookService {
private BookDao bookDao;
public void setBookDao(BookDao bookDao) {
this.bookDao = bookDao;
}
public void add(Book book) {
System.out.println("Service层保存图书......");
bookDao.save(book);
}
public void update(Book book) {
bookDao.update(book);
}
public void delete(Book book) {
bookDao.delete(book);
}
public Book findById(Integer id) {
return bookDao.findById(id);
}
public List findAll() {
return bookDao.findAll();
}
public List findByCriteria(DetachedCriteria criteria) {
return bookDao.findByCriteria(criteria);
}
public List findByName(String name) {
return bookDao.findByName(name);
}
public Book findByIdLazy(Integer id) {
return bookDao.findByIdLazy(id);
}
}
package ssh2.test.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import ssh2.test.service.BookService;
import ssh2.test.vo.Book;
public class BookAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven {
private BookService bookService;
public void setBookService(BookService bookService) {
this.bookService = bookService;
}
// 模型驱动类
private Book book=new Book();
public Book getModel() {
return book;
}
// 请求处理的方法
public String add() {
System.out.println("web层的方法添加执行了......");
bookService.add(book);
return NONE;
}
}
package ssh2.test.junitDemo;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.criterion.DetachedCriteria;
import org.hibernate.criterion.Restrictions;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import ssh2.test.service.BookService;
import ssh2.test.vo.Book;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class SSHTest {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("bookService")
private BookService bookService;
@Test
public void demo1() {
Book book = new Book();
book.setId(1);
book.setName("Java从入门到精通");
book.setPrice(98d);
bookService.update(book);
}
@Test
public void demo2() {
Book book = new Book();
book.setId(1);
bookService.delete(book);
}
@Test
public void demo3() {
Book book = bookService.findById(2);
System.out.println(book);
}
@Test
public void demo4() {
List books = bookService.findAll();
for (Book book : books) {
System.out.println(book);
}
}
@Test
public void demo5() {
DetachedCriteria criteria = DetachedCriteria.forClass(Book.class);
criteria.add(Restrictions.eq("name", "Struts2开发入门"));
List books = bookService.findByCriteria(criteria);
for (Book book : books) {
System.out.println(book);
}
}
@Test
public void demo6() {
List books = bookService.findByName("SSH整合2");
for (Book book : books) {
System.out.println(book);
}
}
}
### direct log messages to stdout ###
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### direct messages to file mylog.log ###
log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.file.File=c:/mylog.log
log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###
log4j.rootLogger=info, stdout
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///ssh2
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=root
org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
true
true
update
false
none
classpath:ssh2/test/vo
OpenSessionInViewFilter
org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter
OpenSessionInViewFilter
/*
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
contextConfigLocation
classpath:applicationContext.xml
struts2
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
struts2
/*
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s"%>
Insert title here
添加图书
图书名称:
图书价格:
为了方便测试 多添加了几条数据 如下：
依次测试demo1~demo6
方式三:纯注解实现三大框架整合
导入以上项目的全部jar包，还需要Struts2-convention-plugin.x.x.x.jar(用于Struts2的注解开发)
配置web.xml(配置spring的监听器以及配置文件所在的位置、配置Struts2的核心控制过滤器)
使用@Action、@Controller以及@Scope标注Action类，使用@Action以及@Result标注处理请求的方法。并在Action类中使用@Autowired和@Qualifier注入Service类。
使用@Service和@Transactional标注Service类，并使用@Autowired和@Qualifier注入Dao类。
使用@Repository标注DAO类，还需要声明注入HibernateTemplate模板。
使用@Entity和@Table标注持久化类，使用@Id和@GeneratedValue标注主键属性，使用@Column标注普通属性(注意注解要使用javax.persistence.*包下的注解类
)
去除struts.xml和hibernate.cfg.xml 保留applicationContext.xml，添加jdbc.properties和log4j.properties.
配置applicationContext.xml
1.配置扫描指定包下的注解
org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
true
true
update
false
none
ssh3.test.vo
下载地址:https://github.com/LX1993728/ssh3
具体代码如下所示：
Book
package ssh3.test.vo;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name = "book")
public class Book {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Integer id;
@Column(name = "name")
private String name;
// 注意: 实体类中的属性即使不使用注解，默认也会自动生成和属性名相同的字段
private Double price;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(Double price) {
this.price = price;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Book [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", price=" + price + "]";
}
}package ssh3.test.dao;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.criterion.DetachedCriteria;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import ssh3.test.vo.Book;
@Repository("bookDao")
public class BookDao {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("hibernateTemplate")
HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate;
public void save(Book book) {
System.out.println("DAO层保存图书");
hibernateTemplate.save(book);
}
}package ssh3.test.service;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.criterion.DetachedCriteria;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import ssh3.test.dao.BookDao;
import ssh3.test.vo.Book;
@Transactional(isolation = Isolation.DEFAULT, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED, readOnly = false)
@Service("bookService")
public class BookService {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("bookDao")
private BookDao bookDao;
public void add(Book book) {
System.out.println("Service层保存图书......");
bookDao.save(book);
}
}package ssh3.test.action;
import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Action;
import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Namespace;
import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.ParentPackage;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import ssh3.test.service.BookService;
import ssh3.test.vo.Book;
//
@Namespace("/")
@ParentPackage("struts-default")
@Controller("bookAction")
@Scope("prototype")
public class BookAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven {
// 模型驱动类
private Book book = new Book();
public Book getModel() {
return book;
}
// 在Action中注入Service
@Autowired
@Qualifier("bookService")
private BookService bookService;
// 请求处理的方法
@Action(value = "book_add")
public String add() {
System.out.println("web层的方法添加执行了......");
bookService.add(book);
return NONE;
}
} jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///ssh3
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=root
### direct log messages to stdout ###
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### direct messages to file mylog.log ###
log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.file.File=c:/mylog.log
log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###
log4j.rootLogger=info, stdout
org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
true
true
update
false
none
ssh3.test.vo
OpenSessionInViewFilter
org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter
OpenSessionInViewFilter
/*
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
contextConfigLocation
classpath:applicationContext.xml
struts2
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
struts2
/*
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s"%>
Insert title here
添加图书
图书名称:
图书价格:
需要注意的是：使用注解的话 Spring的版本要在4.0以上 否则启动时就会有异常