MMM试验

mysql-mmm的作用很简单就是读和写以ip的形式分离出来，并且可以全自动对mysql主从配置进行故障切换。

整个架构如下图：

操作系统全部为centos5.5 32bit

mysql版本为mysql-5.1.59

mysql-mmm版本为mysql-mmm-2.2.1

另外还需要4个虚拟IP，作用为：

192.168.93.141 数据库写入ip

192.168.93.142 数据库读取ip

192.168.93.143 数据库读取ip

192.168.93.144 数据库读取ip

一、安装mysql

 

useradd mysql tar zxvf mysql-5.1.59.tar.gz cd mysql-5.1.59 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --without-debug --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-assembler --enable-profiling --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-charset=utf8 --with-extra-charsets=all --with-big-tables --enable-largefile --without-ndb-debug --with-plugins=partition --localstatedir=/home/var make make install

vi /etc/my.cnf

[client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock skip-external-locking #skip-bdb skip-name-resolve #skip-innodb max_allowed_packet = 8M table_cache = 2048 sort_buffer_size = 2M read_buffer_size = 2M query_cache_limit = 2M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M thread_cache_size = 256 query_cache_size = 128M thread_concurrency = 8 log-bin=mysql-bin slow_query_log=slowquery.log long_query_time = 60 character-set-server=utf8 max_user_connections=5000 max_connections=8000 wait_timeout=31536000 tmp_table_size = 384M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 512M concurrent_insert = 2 back_log = 512 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [isamchk] key_buffer = 512M sort_buffer_size = 512M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [myisamchk] key_buffer = 512M sort_buffer_size = 512M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout datadir=/home/var [mysqld_safe] open_files_limit = 65535

保存退出！

继续安装Mysql

 

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /home/var /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql chkconfig --add mysql service mysql start /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456

vi ~/.bash_profile

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin/

追加蓝色部分，然后保存退出

使配置立即生效

source ~/.bash_profile

二、配置主从关系

DB1：编辑/etc/my.cnf，加入以下内容：

 

server-id=1  log-bin=mysql-bin  binlog_format=ROW  log-slave-updates  sync_binlog=1  auto_increment_increment=2  auto_increment_offset=1  skip_slave_start

DB2：编辑/etc/my.cnf，加入以下内容：

 

server-id=2  log-bin=mysql-bin  binlog_format=ROW  log-slave-updates  sync_binlog=1  auto_increment_increment=2  auto_increment_offset=2

DB3：编辑/etc/my.cnf，加入以下内容：

server-id=3  log-bin=mysql-bin  log-slave-updates

然后重启mysql服务！

接下创建一个同步用的帐号并授权：

DB1授权：

mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'192.168.93.138' IDENTIFIED BY 'slave'; " mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'192.168.93.139' IDENTIFIED BY 'slave'; "

DB2授权：

mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'192.168.93.137' IDENTIFIED BY 'slave'; "  mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave'@'192.168.93.139' IDENTIFIED BY 'slave'; "

DB3的话以谁为主都无所谓，当主出现故障的时候，mmm会自动切换主的，我这里就以DB2为主，配置方从的步骤：锁表——（主）导出数据——（主）查看指针位置——（主）解锁——（从）导入数据——（从）导入主服务器的指针位置——（双方）开启主从线程

DB2：（PS我这里是新的数据库，所以省了导出数据这一步！）

 

mysql> flush tables with read lock;  mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000004 | 586 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> unlock tables;

得出指针位置之后在DB1和DB3上操作：

 

mysql> change master to  -> master_host='192.168.93.138', -> master_user='slave', -> master_password='slave', -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000004', -> master_log_pos=586, -> master_connect_retry=10; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> slave start; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show slave status\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.93.138 Master_User: slave Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 10 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 586 Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 251 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB:  Replicate_Ignore_DB:  Replicate_Do_Table:  Replicate_Ignore_Table:  Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:  Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error:  Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 586 Relay_Log_Space: 410 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File:  Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File:  Master_SSL_CA_Path:  Master_SSL_Cert:  Master_SSL_Cipher:  Master_SSL_Key:  Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error:  Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error:  1 row in set (0.01 sec)

看见蓝色那两行已经yes了，表示配置成功，刚才一口气把DB2配成DB1和DB3的主，现在要把DB1配成DB2的主，实现DB1和DB2互为主从关系

查看DB1的指针位置：

 

mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000005 | 586 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

然后在DB2上导入指针位置：

 

mysql> change master to -> master_host='192.168.93.137', -> master_user='slave', -> master_password='slave', -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000005', -> master_log_pos=586, -> master_connect_retry=10; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> slave start; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show slave status\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.93.137 Master_User: slave Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 10 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 586 Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 251 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB:  Replicate_Ignore_DB:  Replicate_Do_Table:  Replicate_Ignore_Table:  Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:  Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error:  Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 586 Relay_Log_Space: 410 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File:  Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File:  Master_SSL_CA_Path:  Master_SSL_Cert:  Master_SSL_Cipher:  Master_SSL_Key:  Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error:  Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error:  1 row in set (0.00 sec)

现在三台DB的主从关系都配置好了，可以测试一下：

在DB1的test库建个表，在DB2插入一条数据，在DB3查看

DB1：

mysql> create table test.t (id int(11) not null auto_increment,name varchar(30),primary key (id)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

DB2：

 

mysql> use test Database changed mysql> show tables; +----------------+ | Tables_in_test | +----------------+ | t | +----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into t(name) values ('mysql-mmm'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

DB3：

mysql> use test Database changed mysql> select * from t; +----+-----------+ | id | name | +----+-----------+ | 2 | mysql-mmm | +----+-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

DB1：

 

mysql> select * from test.t; +----+-----------+ | id | name | +----+-----------+ | 2 | mysql-mmm | +----+-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

OK！三台DB的主从配置正常工作

三、安装mysql-mmm

安装Mysql-mmm之前，需要先安装一些perl模块，安装方法用perl -MCPAN -e shell 直接在线安装，第一次使用perl -MCPAN -e shell 命令时会有一大堆选项的，我直接enter过去，比较关键的是选择地区、国家和源这三个，按的时候注意选择一下就没问题，DB1、DB2和DB3需要安装 以下模块：

# perl -MCPAN -e shell  cpan> install Algorithm::Diff  cpan> install DBI  cpan>install Log::Dispatch  cpan> install Log::Log4perl  cpan> install Mail::Send  cpan> install Net::ARP  cpan> install Proc::Daemon  cpan> install Time::HiRes  cpan>install DBD::mysql  cpan>install File::stat  cpan>install File:basename

server4需要安装以下：

 

# perl -MCPAN -e shell  cpan> install Algorithm::Diff  cpan> install Class::Singleton  cpan> install Log::Dispatch  cpan> install Log::Log4perl  cpan> install Mail::Send  cpan> install Proc::Daemon  cpan> install Thread::Queue  cpan> install Time::HiRes  cpan> install DBI cpan>install DBD::mysql

安装mysql-mmm，四台机器都要安装：

tar zxvf mysql-mmm-2.2.1.tar.gz  cd mysql-mmm-2.2.1 make instal

mysql-mmm文件位置及作用如下：

/usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/MMM                 MMM 使用的 perl 模块  /usr/lib/mysql-mmm                                              MMM 的脚本揑件  /usr/sbin                                                               MMM 的命令保存路径  /var/log/mysql-mmm                                             MMM 的日志保存路径  /etc                                                                      MMM 配置文件保存的路径  /etc/mysql-mmm                                                  MMM 配置文件保存的路径，优先级最高  /etc/init.d/                                                            agentd 和 monitor 的启劢关闭脚本

数据库授权一个Mysql-mmm专用用户（DB1、DB2和DB3都要授权）：

mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "grant super,replication client,process on *.* to 'mmm_agent'@'192.168.93.137'identified by 'mmm_agent';" mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "grant super,replication client,process on *.* to 'mmm_agent'@'192.168.93.138'identified by 'mmm_agent';" mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "grant super,replication client,process on *.* to 'mmm_agent'@'192.168.93.139'identified by 'mmm_agent';" mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "grant super,replication client,process on *.* to 'mmm_agent'@'192.168.93.140'identified by 'mmm_agent';"

修改mysql-mmm配置文件：

DB1：

/etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf

include mmm_common.conf this db1

蓝色的部分DB2和DB3则分别修改为db2和db3

/etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf

active_master_role      writer         cluster_interface                       eth0         pid_path                                /var/run/mmm_agentd.pid         bin_path                                /usr/lib/mysql-mmm/     replication_user        slave     replication_password    slave         agent_user                              mmm_agent         agent_password                          mmm_agent         ip                                      192.168.93.137         mode                                    master         peer                                    db2         ip                                      192.168.93.138         mode                                    master         peer                                    db1         ip                                      192.168.93.139         mode                                    slave         hosts                                   db1, db2         ips                                     192.168.93.141         mode                                    exclusive         hosts                                   db1, db2, db3         ips                                     192.168.93.144,192.168.93.143,192.168.93.142         mode                                    balanced

将这份配置复制至其它三台机器，包括server4，然后启动DB1\、DB2和DB3可以启动mysql-mmm-agant:：

[root@localhost mysql-mmm-2.2.1]# /etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-agent start Daemon bin: '/usr/sbin/mmm_agentd' Daemon pid: '/var/run/mmm_agentd.pid' Starting MMM Agent daemon... Ok

最后配置server4的mysql-mmm-monitor

/etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_mon.conf

include mmm_common.conf         ip                                      192.168.93.140         pid_path                                /var/run/mmm_mond.pid         bin_path                                /usr/lib/mysql-mmm/         status_path                             /var/lib/misc/mmm_mond.status         ping_ips                                192.168.93.137, 192.168.93.138, 192.168.93.139         monitor_user                    mmm_agent         monitor_password                mmm_agent debug 0

启动mysql-mmm-monitor：

[root@localhost mysql-mmm-2.2.1]# /etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-monitor start Daemon bin: '/usr/sbin/mmm_mond' Daemon pid: '/var/run/mmm_mond.pid' Starting MMM Monitor daemon: Ok [root@localhost mysql-mmm-2.2.1]# mmm_control show   db1(192.168.93.137) master/AWAITING_RECOVERY. Roles:    db2(192.168.93.138) master/AWAITING_RECOVERY. Roles:    db3(192.168.93.139) slave/AWAITING_RECOVERY. Roles:

将所有DB服务器设为online状态：

[root@localhost mysql-mmm-2.2.1]# mmm_control set_online db1 OK: State of 'db1' changed to ONLINE. Now you can wait some time and check its new roles! [root@localhost mysql-mmm-2.2.1]# mmm_control set_online db2 OK: State of 'db2' changed to ONLINE. Now you can wait some time and check its new roles! [root@localhost mysql-mmm-2.2.1]# mmm_control set_online db3 OK: State of 'db3' changed to ONLINE. Now you can wait some time and check its new roles! [root@localhost mysql-mmm-2.2.1]# mmm_control show   db1(192.168.93.137) master/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.93.143), writer(192.168.93.141)   db2(192.168.93.138) master/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.93.142)   db3(192.168.93.139) slave/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.93.144)

设置成功，下面查看节点状态：

[root@localhost mysql-mmm-2.2.1]# mmm_control checks all db2  ping         [last change: 2011/10/07 03:10:39]  OK db2  mysql        [last change: 2011/10/07 03:10:39]  OK db2  rep_threads  [last change: 2011/10/07 03:10:39]  OK db2  rep_backlog  [last change: 2011/10/07 03:10:39]  OK: Backlog is null db3  ping         [last change: 2011/10/07 03:10:39]  OK db3  mysql        [last change: 2011/10/07 03:10:39]  OK db3  rep_threads  [last change: 2011/10/07 03:10:39]  OK db3  rep_backlog  [last change: 2011/10/07 03:10:39]  OK: Backlog is null db1  ping         [last change: 2011/10/07 03:10:39]  OK db1  mysql        [last change: 2011/10/07 03:10:39]  OK db1  rep_threads  [last change: 2011/10/07 03:10:39]  OK db1  rep_backlog  [last change: 2011/10/07 03:10:39]  OK: Backlog is null

最后将除write机器的DB的read_only状态设为on：

set global read_only=on;

并写入my.cnf！

在write角色的机器上授权一个帐号给外部登陆：

mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "grant all  privileges on test.* to lihuipeng@'192.168.93.%' identified by 'lihuipeng';"

然后从另外一台机器上试试登陆四个虚拟IP：

[root@localhost mysql-mmm-2.2.1]# mysql -ulihuipeng -plihuipeng -h192.168.93.141 Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 716 Server version: 5.1.59-log Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>    [root@localhost mysql-mmm-2.2.1]# mysql -ulihuipeng -plihuipeng -h192.168.93.142 Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 554 Server version: 5.1.59-log Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>   [root@localhost mysql-mmm-2.2.1]# mysql -ulihuipeng -plihuipeng -h192.168.93.143 Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 758 Server version: 5.1.59-log Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>   [root@localhost mysql-mmm-2.2.1]# mysql -ulihuipeng -plihuipeng -h192.168.93.144 Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 560 Server version: 5.1.59-log Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>

四个ip都可以使用，其它功能大家可以自己去测试一下，这里不多写了，这里主要把数据库的write功能独立出来一个ip，让两台互为主从的机器中 其中一台担任write角色，其余机器担任read角色，出现故障时mysql-mmm可以自动切换write角色和主从关系。

配合amoeba完成真正读写分离：http://lihuipeng.blog.51cto.com/3064864/689103

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