阿里云ECS（Centos7）搭建LAMP环境（php5.4+php7.1安装方法）

因为阿里云有一些细节需要设置，所以在原文章上增加了一些细节

1、安装apache

　　1.1 安装apache

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# yum install httpd httpd-devel

　　1.2 启动apache服务

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# systemctl start  httpd

　　1.3 设置httpd服务开机启动

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# systemctl enable  httpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.

　　1.4 查看服务状态

[root@nmserver- 7 ~ ]# systemctl status httpd

● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 五 2017-07-21 17:21:37 CST; 6min ago
     Docs: man:httpd(8)
           man:apachectl(8)
 Main PID: 2449 (httpd)
   Status: "Total requests: 11; Current requests/sec: 0; Current traffic:   0 B/sec"
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
           ├─2449 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─2450 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─2451 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─2452 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─2453 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─2454 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─2493 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─2494 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           └─2495 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND

7月 21 17:21:35 nmserver-7.test.com systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
7月 21 17:21:36 nmserver-7.test.com httpd[2449]: AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully q...ssage
7月 21 17:21:37 nmserver-7.test.com systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

　　1.5 防火墙设置开启80端口

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public  --add-service=http
success
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public  --add-service=https
success
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

　　这里可能会提示错误

FirewallD is not running

1. 通过systemctl status firewalld查看firewalld状态，发现当前是dead状态，即防火墙未开启。

   
2.  

   通过systemctl start firewalld开启防火墙，没有任何提示即开启成功。

   
3.  

   再次通过systemctl status firewalld查看firewalld状态，显示running即已开启了。

   
4. 5

   如果要关闭防火墙设置，可能通过systemctl stop firewalld这条指令来关闭该功能。

   
5. END

1.6确认80端口监听中

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# netstat -tulp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:ssh             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1084/sshd           
tcp        0      0 localhost:smtp          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1486/master         
tcp6       0      0 [::]:ssh                [::]:*                  LISTEN      1084/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 localhost:smtp          [::]:*                  LISTEN      1486/master         
tcp6       0      0 [::]:http               [::]:*                  LISTEN      2449/httpd          
udp        0      0 localhost:323           0.0.0.0:*                           592/chronyd         
udp6       0      0 localhost:323           [::]:*                              592/chronyd   

这时候可能你的服务器还是不能访问

这是因为阿里云的安全策略还没有添加

重新配置安全组公网规则

原因分析：安全组默认没有放行网站使用的端口（如 80 端口）。您需要自行放行该接口。

解决方法：

1. 登录 ECS 控制台，找到该实例。
2. 单击实例 ID，进入详情页，再单击本实例安全组 > 配置规则 >添加安全组规则。
3. 根据网站使用的端口配置新的安全组规则，放行网站使用的端口，最后单击确定。

1.8 查服务器IP

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# ip addr
1: lo:  mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:56:bc:cf brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.8.9/24 brd 192.168.8.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe56:bccf/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: bridge0:  mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN qlen 1000
    link/ether ea:89:d5:c7:32:73 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

　1.9 浏览器登陆

当你看到这个的时候，Apache已经安装完成了

2、安装mysql

　　2.1安装mysql

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# yum install mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-libs mariadb-devel

 

root@nmserver-7 ~]# rpm -qa |grep maria
mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.i686
mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.i686
mariadb-server-5.5.52-1.el7.i686
mariadb-devel-5.5.52-1.el7.i686

 

　　2.2 开启mysql服务，并设置开机启动，检查mysql状态

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# systemctl start  mariadb 
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# systemctl enable  mariadb 
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# systemctl status  mariadb 
● mariadb.service - MariaDB database server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 六 2017-07-22 21:19:20 CST; 21s ago
 Main PID: 9603 (mysqld_safe)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service
           ├─9603 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr
           └─9760 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/v...

7月 22 21:19:15 nmserver-7.test.com mariadb-prepare-db-dir[9524]: ...
7月 22 21:19:15 nmserver-7.test.com mariadb-prepare-db-dir[9524]: ...
7月 22 21:19:15 nmserver-7.test.com mariadb-prepare-db-dir[9524]: ...
7月 22 21:19:15 nmserver-7.test.com mariadb-prepare-db-dir[9524]: ...
7月 22 21:19:15 nmserver-7.test.com mariadb-prepare-db-dir[9524]: ...
7月 22 21:19:15 nmserver-7.test.com mariadb-prepare-db-dir[9524]: ...
7月 22 21:19:15 nmserver-7.test.com mariadb-prepare-db-dir[9524]: ...
7月 22 21:19:16 nmserver-7.test.com mysqld_safe[9603]: 170722 21...
7月 22 21:19:16 nmserver-7.test.com mysqld_safe[9603]: 170722 21...
7月 22 21:19:20 nmserver-7.test.com systemd[1]: Started MariaDB ...

 

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# netstat -tulp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:ssh             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1084/sshd           
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:mysql           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      9760/mysqld         
tcp6       0      0 [::]:ssh                [::]:*                  LISTEN      1084/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 [::]:http               [::]:*                  LISTEN      2449/httpd          
udp        0      0 localhost:323           0.0.0.0:*                           592/chronyd         
udp6       0      0 localhost:323           [::]:*                              592/chronyd 

　　2.3 数据库安全设置

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# mysql_secure_installation 

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none): 
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password: 
Re-enter new password: 
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n
 ... skipping.

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

 

　　2.4 登陆数据库测试

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 11
Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.02 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> 

 

3、安装PHP

/**这里安装的是PHP5.4.16 如果要安装php7.1请绕道文末**/

　　3.1 安装php

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# yum -y install php

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# rpm -ql php
/etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/10-php.conf
/usr/lib/httpd/modules/libphp5.so
/usr/share/httpd/icons/php.gif
/var/lib/php/session

 

　　3.2 将php与mysql关联起来

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# yum install php-mysql
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# rpm -ql php-mysql
/etc/php.d/mysql.ini
/etc/php.d/mysqli.ini
/etc/php.d/pdo_mysql.ini
/usr/lib/php/modules/mysql.so
/usr/lib/php/modules/mysqli.so
/usr/lib/php/modules/pdo_mysql.so

 

　　3.3 安装常用PHP模块

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# yum install -y php-gd php-ldap php-odbc php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc php-mbstring php-snmp php-soap curl curl-devel php-bcmath

 

4 测试PHP

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# cd  /var/www/html/
[root@nmserver-7 html]# ls
[root@nmserver-7 html]# pwd
/var/www/html
[root@nmserver-7 html]# vi info.php

        phpinfo();
?>
~                                                                                        
~                                                                                        
~                                                                                        
~                                                                                        
~                                                                                        
~                                                                                        
~                                                                                        
~                                                                            
:wq

 

　　3.5重启apache服务器

[root@nmserver-7 html]# systemctl restart httpd

　　3.6测试PHP

　　在自己电脑浏览器输入ip/info.php，你可以看到已经安装的模块；

4 安装php7.1

如果你已经安装过老版本

//卸载老版本

 -y remove php*

//设置安装源

rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm

//查看

yum search php71w

所有的插件如下

mod_php71w.x86_64 : PHP module for the Apache HTTP Server
php71w-bcmath.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications for using the bcmath library
php71w-cli.x86_64 : Command-line interface for PHP
php71w-common.x86_64 : Common files for PHP
php71w-dba.x86_64 : A database abstraction layer module for PHP applications
php71w-devel.x86_64 : Files needed for building PHP extensions
php71w-embedded.x86_64 : PHP library for embedding in applications
php71w-enchant.x86_64 : Enchant spelling extension for PHP applications
php71w-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
php71w-gd.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications for using the gd graphics library
php71w-imap.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use IMAP
php71w-interbase.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use Interbase/Firebird databases
php71w-intl.x86_64 : Internationalization extension for PHP applications
php71w-ldap.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use LDAP
php71w-mbstring.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications which need multi-byte string handling
php71w-mcrypt.x86_64 : Standard PHP module provides mcrypt library support
php71w-mysql.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use MySQL databases
php71w-mysqlnd.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use MySQL databases
php71w-odbc.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use ODBC databases
php71w-opcache.x86_64 : An opcode cache Zend extension
php71w-pdo.x86_64 : A database access abstraction module for PHP applications
php71w-pdo_dblib.x86_64 : MSSQL database module for PHP
php71w-pear.noarch : PHP Extension and Application Repository framework
php71w-pecl-apcu.x86_64 : APCu - APC User Cache
php71w-pecl-apcu-devel.x86_64 : APCu developer files (header)
php71w-pecl-geoip.x86_64 : Extension to map IP addresses to geographic places
php71w-pecl-igbinary.x86_64 : Replacement for the standard PHP serializer
php71w-pecl-igbinary-devel.x86_64 : Igbinary developer files (header)
php71w-pecl-imagick.x86_64 : Provides a wrapper to the ImageMagick library
php71w-pecl-imagick-devel.x86_64 : Imagick developer files (header)
php71w-pecl-libsodium.x86_64 : Wrapper for the Sodium cryptographic library
php71w-pecl-memcached.x86_64 : Extension to work with the Memcached caching daemon
php71w-pecl-mongodb.x86_64 : PECL package MongoDB driver
php71w-pecl-redis.x86_64 : Extension for communicating with the Redis key-value store
php71w-pecl-xdebug.x86_64 : PECL package for debugging PHP scripts
php71w-pgsql.x86_64 : A PostgreSQL database module for PHP
php71w-phpdbg.x86_64 : Interactive PHP debugger
php71w-process.x86_64 : Modules for PHP script using system process interfaces
php71w-pspell.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications for using pspell interfaces
php71w-recode.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications for using the recode library
php71w-snmp.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that query SNMP-managed devices
php71w-soap.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use the SOAP protocol
php71w-tidy.x86_64 : Standard PHP module provides tidy library support
php71w-xml.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications which use XML
php71w-xmlrpc.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications which use the XML-RPC protocol

//安装php以及扩展

//可以根据自己的需求选择

yum install php71w php71w-fpm php71w-cli php71w-common php71w-devel php71w-gd php71w-pdo php71w-mysql php71w-mbstring php71w-bcmath

//开启服务

service php-fpm start

测试PHP

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# cd  /var/www/html/
[root@nmserver-7 html]# ls
[root@nmserver-7 html]# pwd
/var/www/html
[root@nmserver-7 html]# vi info.php

        phpinfo();
?>
~                                                                                        
~                                                                                        
~                                                                                        
~                                                                                        
~                                                                                        
~                                                                                        
~                                                                                        
~                                                                            
:wq

//重启Apache

 systemctl restart httpd

参考文章：https://www.cnblogs.com/me80/p/7218883.html

参考文章：https://www.cnblogs.com/kccdzz/p/8110143.html