LeetCode 40. Combination Sum II 组合总和II(Java)

题目:

Given a collection of candidate numbers (candidates) and a target number (target), find all unique combinations in candidates where the candidate numbers sums to target.

Each number in candidates may only be used once in the combination.

Note:

  • All numbers (including target) will be positive integers.
  • The solution set must not contain duplicate combinations.

Example 1:
Input: candidates = [10, 1, 2, 7, 6, 1, 5], target = 8,
A solution set is:
[
[1, 7],
[1, 2, 5],
[2, 6],
[1, 1, 6]
]

Example 2:
Input: candidates = [2, 5, 2, 1, 2], target = 5,
A solution set is:
[
[1, 2, 2],
[5]
]

解答:

这道题与上一题 39 题的区别主要在于两点:

  1. 本题中原序列 candidates 中包含重复数字。(39题中 candidates 数字无重复)
  2. 候选中的每个数字在组合中只能使用一次。(39题中数字在组合中可以重复使用)

因此针对以上两点不同,要进行不同的去重处理

  1. 采用 Arrays.sort(candidates);对数组 candidates 进行排序,在循环遍历时,若candidates[i] == candidates[i-1]出现重复数字,则直接 continue
  2. 在遍历到第 i 位时,递归时将标志位 start 改为 i+1,这样就从当前数字的下一位数字进行递归处理,避免数字在组合中重复使用
class Solution {
    public List<List<Integer>> combinationSum2(int[] candidates, int target) {
        Arrays.sort(candidates);
        List<List<Integer>> res = new ArrayList<>();
        List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
        combinationSum2(res, list, candidates, target, 0);
        return res;
    }
    private void combinationSum2(List<List<Integer>> res, List<Integer> list, int[] candidates, int target, int start) {
        if(target == 0) {
            res.add(new ArrayList<>(list));
            return;
        }
        if(target < 0) {
            return;
        }
        for(int i=start; i<candidates.length; i++) {
            if(i>start && candidates[i] == candidates[i-1]) {
                continue;
            }
            if(candidates[i] <= target) {
                list.add(candidates[i]);
                combinationSum2(res, list, candidates, target-candidates[i], i+1);     
                list.remove(list.size()-1); 
            }
        }
    }
}

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