基本命令:
scrapy startproject test2 创建工程
scrapy genspider test www.abc.com 创建基于scrapy.Spider 的爬虫
scrapy genspider -t crawl test www.abc.com 创建基于CrawlSpider的爬虫
scrapy crawl test -o test.json 运行爬虫test数据保存到test.json中
抓取百度应用商店信息代码如下:
import scrapy
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
class test(CrawlSpider):
name = 'test'
allowed_domains = ['as.baidu.com']
start_urls = [
'https://as.baidu.com/',
]
rules = (
Rule(LinkExtractor(allow='https://as.baidu.com/software/',deny='https://as.baidu.com/software/\d+\.html'), follow=True),
Rule(LinkExtractor(allow='https://as.baidu.com/software/\d+\.html'), callback='parse_item', follow=True),
)
def parse_item(self, response):
i = {}
i['url']=response.url
return i
全站爬虫原理:
1、先获取start_urls中网页内容A
2、在获得的网页内容A中 匹配rules地址
3、获取 匹配的rules地址 的页面内容B ,如果设置了callback 就调用回调函数,如果follow=True 就继续在页面内容B中匹配rules地址并重复步骤3
注意:
rules中存在多条匹配规则时 一个url满足其中一条就不会继续匹配吓一跳了。如上面例子
如果如下面写下法 就获取不到数据
rules = (
Rule(LinkExtractor(allow='https://as.baidu.com/software/'), follow=True),
Rule(LinkExtractor(allow='https://as.baidu.com/software/\d+\.html'), callback='parse_item', follow=True),
)
rules = (
Rule(LinkExtractor(allow='https://as.baidu.com/software/',deny='https://as.baidu.com/software/\d+\.html'), follow=True),
Rule(LinkExtractor(allow='https://as.baidu.com/software/\d+\.html'), callback='parse_item', follow=True),
)