Element-Ui组件（二十一）Form 表单
Element-Ui组件（二十一）Form 表单
本文来源于Element官方文档：
http://element-cn.eleme.io/#/zh-CN/component/form
基础用法
W3C 标准中有如下规定：
即：当一个 form 元素中只有一个输入框时，在该输入框中按下回车应提交该表单。如果希望阻止这一默认行为，可以在
普通表单
<el-form ref="form" :model="form" label-width="80px">
<el-form-item label="活动名称">
<el-input v-model="form.name"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活动区域">
<el-select v-model="form.region" placeholder="请选择活动区域">
<el-option label="区域一" value="shanghai"></el-option>
<el-option label="区域二" value="beijing"></el-option>
</el-select>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活动时间">
<el-col :span="11">
<el-date-picker type="date" placeholder="选择日期" v-model="form.date1" style="width: 100%;"></el-date-picker>
</el-col>
<el-col class="line" :span="2">-</el-col>
<el-col :span="11">
<el-time-picker type="fixed-time" placeholder="选择时间" v-model="form.date2" style="width: 100%;"></el-time-picker>
</el-col>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="即时配送">
<el-switch v-model="form.delivery"></el-switch>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活动性质">
<el-checkbox-group v-model="form.type">
<el-checkbox label="美食/餐厅线上活动" name="type"></el-checkbox>
<el-checkbox label="地推活动" name="type"></el-checkbox>
<el-checkbox label="线下主题活动" name="type"></el-checkbox>
<el-checkbox label="单纯品牌曝光" name="type"></el-checkbox>
</el-checkbox-group>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="特殊资源">
<el-radio-group v-model="form.resource">
<el-radio label="线上品牌商赞助"></el-radio>
<el-radio label="线下场地免费"></el-radio>
</el-radio-group>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活动形式">
<el-input type="textarea" v-model="form.desc"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button type="primary" @click="onSubmit">立即创建</el-button>
<el-button>取消</el-button>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>带验证的表单
<el-form :model="ruleForm" :rules="rules" ref="ruleForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-ruleForm">
<el-form-item label="活动名称" prop="name">
<el-input v-model="ruleForm.name"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活动区域" prop="region">
<el-select v-model="ruleForm.region" placeholder="请选择活动区域">
<el-option label="区域一" value="shanghai"></el-option>
<el-option label="区域二" value="beijing"></el-option>
</el-select>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活动时间" required>
<el-col :span="11">
<el-form-item prop="date1">
<el-date-picker type="date" placeholder="选择日期" v-model="ruleForm.date1" style="width: 100%;"></el-date-picker>
</el-form-item>
</el-col>
<el-col class="line" :span="2">-</el-col>
<el-col :span="11">
<el-form-item prop="date2">
<el-time-picker type="fixed-time" placeholder="选择时间" v-model="ruleForm.date2" style="width: 100%;"></el-time-picker>
</el-form-item>
</el-col>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="即时配送" prop="delivery">
<el-switch v-model="ruleForm.delivery"></el-switch>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活动性质" prop="type">
<el-checkbox-group v-model="ruleForm.type">
<el-checkbox label="美食/餐厅线上活动" name="type"></el-checkbox>
<el-checkbox label="地推活动" name="type"></el-checkbox>
<el-checkbox label="线下主题活动" name="type"></el-checkbox>
<el-checkbox label="单纯品牌曝光" name="type"></el-checkbox>
</el-checkbox-group>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="特殊资源" prop="resource">
<el-radio-group v-model="ruleForm.resource">
<el-radio label="线上品牌商赞助"></el-radio>
<el-radio label="线下场地免费"></el-radio>
</el-radio-group>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活动形式" prop="desc">
<el-input type="textarea" v-model="ruleForm.desc"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('ruleForm')">立即创建</el-button>
<el-button @click="resetForm('ruleForm')">重置</el-button>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
<script>
export default {
data() {
return {
ruleForm: {
name: '',
region: '',
date1: '',
date2: '',
delivery: false,
type: [],
resource: '',
desc: ''
},
rules: {
name: [
{ required: true, message: '请输入活动名称', trigger: 'blur' },
{ min: 3, max: 5, message: '长度在 3 到 5 个字符', trigger: 'blur' }
],
region: [
{ required: true, message: '请选择活动区域', trigger: 'change' }
],
date1: [
{ type: 'date', required: true, message: '请选择日期', trigger: 'change' }
],
date2: [
{ type: 'date', required: true, message: '请选择时间', trigger: 'change' }
],
type: [
{ type: 'array', required: true, message: '请至少选择一个活动性质', trigger: 'change' }
],
resource: [
{ required: true, message: '请选择活动资源', trigger: 'change' }
],
desc: [
{ required: true, message: '请填写活动形式', trigger: 'blur' }
]
}
};
},
methods: {
submitForm(formName) {
this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {
if (valid) {
alert('submit!');
} else {
console.log('error submit!!');
return false;
}
});
},
resetForm(formName) {
this.$refs[formName].resetFields();
}
}
}
自定义规则验证表单
<el-form :model="ruleForm2" status-icon :rules="rules2" ref="ruleForm2" label-width="100px" class="demo-ruleForm">
<el-form-item label="密码" prop="pass">
<el-input type="password" v-model="ruleForm2.pass" auto-complete="off">el-input>
el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="确认密码" prop="checkPass">
<el-input type="password" v-model="ruleForm2.checkPass" auto-complete="off">el-input>
el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="年龄" prop="age">
<el-input v-model.number="ruleForm2.age">el-input>
el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('ruleForm2')">提交el-button>
<el-button @click="resetForm('ruleForm2')">重置el-button>
el-form-item>
el-form>
<script>
export default {
data() {
var checkAge = (rule, value, callback) => {
if (!value) {
return callback(new Error('年龄不能为空'));
}
setTimeout(() => {
if (!Number.isInteger(value)) {
callback(new Error('请输入数字值'));
} else {
if (value < 18) {
callback(new Error('必须年满18岁'));
} else {
callback();
}
}
}, 1000);
};
var validatePass = (rule, value, callback) => {
if (value === '') {
callback(new Error('请输入密码'));
} else {
if (this.ruleForm2.checkPass !== '') {
this.$refs.ruleForm2.validateField('checkPass');
}
callback();
}
};
var validatePass2 = (rule, value, callback) => {
if (value === '') {
callback(new Error('请再次输入密码'));
} else if (value !== this.ruleForm2.pass) {
callback(new Error('两次输入密码不一致!'));
} else {
callback();
}
};
return {
ruleForm2: {
pass: '',
checkPass: '',
age: ''
},
rules2: {
pass: [
{ validator: validatePass, trigger: 'blur' }
],
checkPass: [
{ validator: validatePass2, trigger: 'blur' }
],
age: [
{ validator: checkAge, trigger: 'blur' }
]
}
};
},
methods: {
submitForm(formName) {
this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {
if (valid) {
alert('submit!');
} else {
console.log('error submit!!');
return false;
}
});
},
resetForm(formName) {
this.$refs[formName].resetFields();
}
}
}
script>动态增减项表单
<el-form :model="dynamicValidateForm" ref="dynamicValidateForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-dynamic">
<el-form-item
prop="email"
label="邮箱"
:rules="[
{ required: true, message: '请输入邮箱地址', trigger: 'blur' },
{ type: 'email', message: '请输入正确的邮箱地址', trigger: 'blur,change' }
]"
>
<el-input v-model="dynamicValidateForm.email">el-input>
el-form-item>
<el-form-item
v-for="(domain, index) in dynamicValidateForm.domains"
:label="'域名' + index"
:key="domain.key"
:prop="'domains.' + index + '.value'"
:rules="{
required: true, message: '域名不能为空', trigger: 'blur'
}"
>
<el-input v-model="domain.value">el-input><el-button @click.prevent="removeDomain(domain)">删除el-button>
el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('dynamicValidateForm')">提交el-button>
<el-button @click="addDomain">新增域名el-button>
<el-button @click="resetForm('dynamicValidateForm')">重置el-button>
el-form-item>
el-form>
<script>
export default {
data() {
return {
dynamicValidateForm: {
domains: [{
value: ''
}],
email: ''
}
};
},
methods: {
submitForm(formName) {
this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {
if (valid) {
alert('submit!');
} else {
console.log('error submit!!');
return false;
}
});
},
resetForm(formName) {
this.$refs[formName].resetFields();
},
removeDomain(item) {
var index = this.dynamicValidateForm.domains.indexOf(item)
if (index !== -1) {
this.dynamicValidateForm.domains.splice(index, 1)
}
},
addDomain() {
this.dynamicValidateForm.domains.push({
value: '',
key: Date.now()
});
}
}
}
script>数字验证
<el-form :model="numberValidateForm" ref="numberValidateForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-ruleForm">
<el-form-item
label="年龄"
prop="age"
:rules="[
{ required: true, message: '年龄不能为空'},
{ type: 'number', message: '年龄必须为数字值'}
]"
>
<el-input type="age" v-model.number="numberValidateForm.age" auto-complete="off">el-input>
el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('numberValidateForm')">提交el-button>
<el-button @click="resetForm('numberValidateForm')">重置el-button>
el-form-item>
el-form>
<script>
export default {
data() {
return {
numberValidateForm: {
age: ''
}
};
},
methods: {
submitForm(formName) {
this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {
if (valid) {
alert('submit!');
} else {
console.log('error submit!!');
return false;
}
});
},
resetForm(formName) {
this.$refs[formName].resetFields();
}
}
}
script>form 属性：
| 参数 | 类型 | 说明 | 可选值 | 默认值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| model | 表单数据对象 | object | — | — |
| rules | 表单验证规则 | object | — | — |
| inline | 行内表单模式 | boolean | — | false |
| label-position | 表单域标签的位置 | string | right/left/top | right |
| label-width | 表单域标签的宽度，作为 Form 直接子元素的 form-item 会继承该值 | string | — | — |
| label-suffix | 表单域标签的后缀 | string | — | — |
| show-message | 是否显示校验错误信息 | boolean | — | true |
| inline-message | 是否以行内形式展示校验信息 | boolean | — | false |
| status-icon | 是否在输入框中显示校验结果反馈图标 | boolean | — | false |
| validate-on-rule-change | 是否在 rules 属性改变后立即触发一次验证 | boolean | — | true |
| size | 用于控制该表单内组件的尺寸 | string | medium / small / mini | — |
| disabled | 是否禁用该表单内的所有组件。若设置为 true，则表单内组件上的 disabled 属性不再生效 | boolean | — | false |
* form 方法*
| 方法名 | 说明 | 参数 |
|---|---|---|
| validate | 对整个表单进行校验的方法。若不传入回调函数，则会返回一个 promise | Function(callback: Function(boolean)) |
| validateField | 对部分表单字段进行校验的方法 | Function(prop: string, callback: Function(errorMessage: string)) |
| resetFields | 对整个表单进行重置，将所有字段值重置为初始值并移除校验结果 | - |
| clearValidate | 移除整个表单的校验结果 | - |
form-item 属性：
| 参数 | 类型 | 说明 | 可选值 | 默认值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| prop | 表单域 model 字段，在使用 validate、resetFields 方法的情况下，该属性是必填的 | string | 传入 Form 组件的 model 中的字段 | — |
| label | 标签文本 | string | — | — |
| label-width | 表单域标签的的宽度，例如 ‘50px’ | string | — | — |
| required | 是否必填，如不设置，则会根据校验规则自动生成 | bolean | — | false |
| rules | 表单验证规则 | object | — | — |
| error | 表单域验证错误信息, 设置该值会使表单验证状态变为error，并显示该错误信息 | string | — | — |
| show-message | 是否显示校验错误信息 | boolean | — | true |
| inline-message | 以行内形式展示校验信息 | boolean | — | false |
| size | 用于控制该表单域下组件的尺寸 | string | medium / small / mini | - |
form-tem Slot
| name | 说明 |
|---|---|
| — | Form Item 的内容 |
| label | 标签文本的内容 |
form-item 方法
| 方法名 | 说明 | 参数 |
|---|---|---|
| resetField | 对该表单项进行重置，将其值重置为初始值并移除校验结果 | - |