【推荐】.NET(webform,MVC)使用NPOI组件将数据导出、导入Excel。 Aspose.Cell 控件报表
///
/// Winform 导出Excel
///
/// 文件路径
/// 控件DataGridView
private void ExportExcels(string fileName, DataGridView myDGV)
{
string saveFileName = "";
SaveFileDialog saveDialog = new SaveFileDialog();
saveDialog.DefaultExt = "xls";
saveDialog.Filter = "Excel文件|*.xls";
saveDialog.FileName = fileName;
saveDialog.ShowDialog();
saveFileName = saveDialog.FileName;
if (saveFileName.IndexOf(":") < 0) return; //被点了取消
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application xlApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
if (xlApp == null)
{
MessageBox.Show("无法创建Excel对象，可能您的机子未安装Excel");
return;
}
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbooks workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks;
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = workbooks.Add(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];//取得sheet1
//写入标题
for (int i = 0; i < myDGV.ColumnCount; i++)
{
worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1] = myDGV.Columns[i].HeaderText;
}
//写入数值
for (int r = 0; r < myDGV.Rows.Count; r++)
{
for (int i = 0; i < myDGV.ColumnCount; i++)
{
worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = myDGV.Rows[r].Cells[i].Value;
}
System.Windows.Forms.Application.DoEvents();
}
worksheet.Columns.EntireColumn.AutoFit();//列宽自适应
if (saveFileName != "")
{
try
{
workbook.Saved = true;
workbook.SaveCopyAs(saveFileName);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("导出文件时出错,文件可能正被打开！\n" + ex.Message);
}
}
xlApp.Quit();
GC.Collect();//强行销毁
//MessageBox.Show("文件： " + fileName + ".xls 保存成功", "信息提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
MessageBox.Show("保存成功", "信息提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
}Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet2 = workbook.Worksheets.Add();
worksheet2.Name = "区域2";一、导出EXcel
【推荐】.NET使用NPOI组件将数据导出Excel
1、NPOI官方网站：http://npoi.codeplex.com/
可以到此网站上去下载最新的NPOI组件版本
2、NPOI在线学习教程（中文版）：
感谢Tony Qu分享出NPOI组件的使用方法
3、.NET调用NPOI组件导入导出Excel的操作类
此NPOI操作类的优点如下：
（1）支持web及winform从DataTable导出到Excel；
（2）生成速度很快；
（3）准确判断数据类型，不会出现身份证转数值等问题；
（4）如果单页条数大于65535时会新建工作表；
（5）列宽自适应；
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using NPOI;
using NPOI.HPSF;
using NPOI.HSSF;
using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
using NPOI.HSSF.Util;
using NPOI.POIFS;
using NPOI.Util;
namespace Comm
{
public class NPOIHelper
{
///
/// DataTable导出到Excel文件
///
/// 源DataTable
/// 表头文本
/// 保存位置
public static void Export(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName)
{
using (MemoryStream ms = Export(dtSource, strHeaderText))
{
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
{
byte[] data = ms.ToArray();
fs.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
fs.Flush();
}
}
}
///
/// DataTable导出到Excel的MemoryStream
///
/// 源DataTable
/// 表头文本
public static MemoryStream Export(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText)
{
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet();
#region 右击文件 属性信息
{
DocumentSummaryInformation dsi = PropertySetFactory.CreateDocumentSummaryInformation();
dsi.Company = "NPOI";
workbook.DocumentSummaryInformation = dsi;
SummaryInformation si = PropertySetFactory.CreateSummaryInformation();
si.Author = "文件作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息
si.ApplicationName = "创建程序信息"; //填加xls文件创建程序信息
si.LastAuthor = "最后保存者信息"; //填加xls文件最后保存者信息
si.Comments = "作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息
si.Title = "标题信息"; //填加xls文件标题信息
si.Subject = "主题信息";//填加文件主题信息
si.CreateDateTime = DateTime.Now;
workbook.SummaryInformation = si;
}
#endregion
HSSFCellStyle dateStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
HSSFDataFormat format = workbook.CreateDataFormat();
dateStyle.DataFormat = format.GetFormat("yyyy-mm-dd");
//取得列宽
int[] arrColWidth = new int[dtSource.Columns.Count];
foreach (DataColumn item in dtSource.Columns)
{
arrColWidth[item.Ordinal] = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(item.ColumnName.ToString()).Length;
}
for (int i = 0; i < dtSource.Rows.Count; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < dtSource.Columns.Count; j++)
{
int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(dtSource.Rows[i][j].ToString()).Length;
if (intTemp > arrColWidth[j])
{
arrColWidth[j] = intTemp;
}
}
}
int rowIndex = 0;
foreach (DataRow row in dtSource.Rows)
{
#region 新建表，填充表头，填充列头，样式
if (rowIndex == 65535 || rowIndex == 0)
{
if (rowIndex != 0)
{
sheet = workbook.CreateSheet();
}
#region 表头及样式
{
HSSFRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(0);
headerRow.HeightInPoints = 25;
headerRow.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue(strHeaderText);
HSSFCellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
headStyle.Alignment = CellHorizontalAlignment.CENTER;
HSSFFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
font.FontHeightInPoints = 20;
font.Boldweight = 700;
headStyle.SetFont(font);
headerRow.GetCell(0).CellStyle = headStyle;
sheet.AddMergedRegion(new Region(0, 0, 0, dtSource.Columns.Count - 1));
headerRow.Dispose();
}
#endregion
#region 列头及样式
{
HSSFRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(1);
HSSFCellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
headStyle.Alignment = CellHorizontalAlignment.CENTER;
HSSFFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
font.FontHeightInPoints = 10;
font.Boldweight = 700;
headStyle.SetFont(font);
foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns)
{
headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(column.ColumnName);
headerRow.GetCell(column.Ordinal).CellStyle = headStyle;
//设置列宽
sheet.SetColumnWidth(column.Ordinal, (arrColWidth[column.Ordinal] + 1) * 256);
}
headerRow.Dispose();
}
#endregion
rowIndex = 2;
}
#endregion
#region 填充内容
HSSFRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns)
{
HSSFCell newCell = dataRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal);
string drValue = row[column].ToString();
switch (column.DataType.ToString())
{
case "System.String"://字符串类型
newCell.SetCellValue(drValue);
break;
case "System.DateTime"://日期类型
DateTime dateV;
DateTime.TryParse(drValue, out dateV);
newCell.SetCellValue(dateV);
newCell.CellStyle = dateStyle;//格式化显示
break;
case "System.Boolean"://布尔型
bool boolV = false;
bool.TryParse(drValue, out boolV);
newCell.SetCellValue(boolV);
break;
case "System.Int16"://整型
case "System.Int32":
case "System.Int64":
case "System.Byte":
int intV = 0;
int.TryParse(drValue, out intV);
newCell.SetCellValue(intV);
break;
case "System.Decimal"://浮点型
case "System.Double":
double doubV = 0;
double.TryParse(drValue, out doubV);
newCell.SetCellValue(doubV);
break;
case "System.DBNull"://空值处理
newCell.SetCellValue("");
break;
default:
newCell.SetCellValue("");
break;
}
}
#endregion
rowIndex++;
}
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
workbook.Write(ms);
ms.Flush();
ms.Position = 0;
sheet.Dispose();
//workbook.Dispose();//一般只用写这一个就OK了，他会遍历并释放所有资源，但当前版本有问题所以只释放sheet
return ms;
}
}
///
/// 用于Web导出
///
/// 源DataTable
/// 表头文本
/// 文件名
public static void ExportByWeb(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName)
{
HttpContext curContext = HttpContext.Current;
// 设置编码和附件格式
curContext.Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
curContext.Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
curContext.Response.Charset = "";
curContext.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition",
"attachment;filename=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(strFileName, Encoding.UTF8));
curContext.Response.BinaryWrite(Export(dtSource, strHeaderText).GetBuffer());
curContext.Response.End();
}
/// 读取excel
/// 默认第一行为标头
///
/// excel文档路径
///
/// 读取Excel
///
/// FileUpload控件
///
4、NPOI操作类的调用方法
DataTable dt_Grade = Tools.Data.GetDataTable(strSQL);
filename += "绩效考核结果分数统计表";
PMS.Common.NPOIHelper.ExportByWeb(dt_Grade, filename, filename+".xls");
//重新组装表
DataTable dt2 = new DataTable();//表
DataColumn dc = null;//列集合
dc = dt2.Columns.Add("序号", Type.GetType("System.String"));
dc = dt2.Columns.Add("用户姓名", Type.GetType("System.String"));
for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
{
DataRow newRow = dt2.NewRow(); //新行
newRow["序号"] = dt.Rows[i]["id"];
newRow["用户姓名"] = dt.Rows[i]["yhxm"];
dt2.Rows.Add(newRow);
}
二、导入Excel
1、方法一
（1）上次Excel
(2) 读取Excel
DataTable dt = NPOIHelper.Import(Request.ServerVariables[3] + "Uploads/student.xls");
(3) 导入数据库
2、方法二
（1）读取Excel
DataTable dt = NPOIHelper.Import2(FileUpload1);
(2) 导入数据库
NPOI 类库下载：http://download.csdn.net/detail/tiz198183/5597953
Asp.Net MVC 使用FileResult导出Excel数据文件
public FileResult ExportExcel()
{
var sbHtml = new StringBuilder();
sbHtml.Append("");
sbHtml.Append("");
var lstTitle = new List { "编号", "姓名", "年龄", "创建时间" };
foreach (var item in lstTitle)
{
sbHtml.AppendFormat("{0} ", item);
}
sbHtml.Append(" ");
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
{
sbHtml.Append("");
sbHtml.AppendFormat("{0} ", i);
sbHtml.AppendFormat("屌丝{0}号 ", i);
sbHtml.AppendFormat("{0} ", new Random().Next(20, 30) + i);
sbHtml.AppendFormat("{0} ", DateTime.Now);
sbHtml.Append(" ");
}
sbHtml.Append("
");
//第一种:使用FileContentResult
byte[] fileContents = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(sbHtml.ToString());
return File(fileContents, "application/ms-excel", "fileContents.xls");
//第二种:使用FileStreamResult
//var fileStream = new MemoryStream(fileContents);
//return File(fileStream, "application/ms-excel", "fileStream.xls");
//第三种:使用FilePathResult
//服务器上首先必须要有这个Excel文件,然会通过Server.MapPath获取路径返回.
//var fileName = Server.MapPath("~/Files/fileName.xls");
//return File(fileName, "application/ms-excel", "fileName.xls");
}