STM32：Flash擦除与读写操作（HAL库）

• 应用平台：STM32F030F4P6
• ST官方库：STM32Cube_FW_F0_V1.9.0

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背景知识

• 绝大多数的单片机和微控制器（ARM,x86)，地址空间都是以字节为单位的，也就是说一个地址是一个字节。
• Flash存储器有个特点，就是只能写0，不能写1。所以如果原来的地址有数据了，意味着有一些位为0，这些位就相当于无效了。所以必须写之前确保他们都为1，只有擦除才可以。另外每次擦除都必须擦除一个4K大小的扇区，这是flash的特性所决定的。
• 对Flash操作前必需打开内部振荡器。
  

参考：stm32的学习—FLASH的操作和使用

STM32F030F4P6的Flash存储简介

STM32F030F4P6硬件配置：  FLASH (16KB)  RAM (4KB)
（包含4个扇区，1个扇区包含4个页，每页有1Kbyte空间）
用户可以对Flash进行program 和 erase 操作。

Main Flash memory programming
The main Flash memory can be programmed 16 bits at a time.
Flash memory erase
The Flash memory can be erased page by page or completely (Mass Erase).

Flash memory addresses	Size(byte)	Name	Description
0x0800 0000 - 0x0800 03FF	1 Kbyte	Page 0	Sector 0
0x0800 0400 - 0x0800 07FF	1 Kbyte	Page 1	Sector 0
0x0800 0800 - 0x0800 0BFF	1 Kbyte	Page 2	Sector 0
0x0800 0C00 - 0x0800 0FFF	1 Kbyte	Page 3	Sector 0
0x0800 1000 - 0x0800 13FF	1 Kbyte	Page 4	Sector 1
0x0800 1400 - 0x0800 17FF	1 Kbyte	Page 5	Sector 1
0x0800 1800 - 0x0800 1BFF	1 Kbyte	Page 6	Sector 1
0x0800 1C00 - 0x0800 1FFF	1 Kbyte	Page 7	Sector 1
0x0800 2000 - 0x0800 23FF	1 Kbyte	Page 8	Sector 2
0x0800 2400 - 0x0800 27FF	1 Kbyte	Page 9	Sector 2
0x0800 2800 - 0x0800 2BFF	1 Kbyte	Page 10	Sector 2
0x0800 2C00 - 0x0800 2FFF	1 Kbyte	Page 11	Sector 2
0x0800 3000 - 0x0800 33FF	1 Kbyte	Page 12	Sector 3
0x0800 3400 - 0x0800 37FF	1 Kbyte	Page 13	Sector 3
0x0800 3800 - 0x0800 3BFF	1 Kbyte	Page 14	Sector 3
0x0800 3C00 - 0x0800 3FFF	1 Kbyte	Page 15	Sector 3

STM32F030F4P6的Flash读写参考代码（HAL库）

/* Base address of the Flash sectors */
#define ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_0     ((uint32_t)0x08000000) /* Base @ of Page 0, 1 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_1     ((uint32_t)0x08000400) /* Base @ of Page 1, 1 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_2     ((uint32_t)0x08000800) /* Base @ of Page 2, 1 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_3     ((uint32_t)0x08000C00) /* Base @ of Page 3, 1 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_4     ((uint32_t)0x08001000) /* Base @ of Page 4, 1 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_5     ((uint32_t)0x08001400) /* Base @ of Page 5, 1 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_6     ((uint32_t)0x08001800) /* Base @ of Page 6, 1 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_7     ((uint32_t)0x08001C00) /* Base @ of Page 7, 1 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_8     ((uint32_t)0x08002000) /* Base @ of Page 8, 1 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_9     ((uint32_t)0x08002400) /* Base @ of Page 9, 1 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_10    ((uint32_t)0x08002800) /* Base @ of Page 10, 1 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_11    ((uint32_t)0x08002C00) /* Base @ of Page 11, 1 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_12    ((uint32_t)0x08003000) /* Base @ of Page 12, 1 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_13    ((uint32_t)0x08003400) /* Base @ of Page 13, 1 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_14    ((uint32_t)0x08003800) /* Base @ of Page 14, 1 Kbyte */
#define ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_15    ((uint32_t)0x08003C00) /* Base @ of Page 15, 1 Kbyte */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define FLASH_USER_START_ADDR   ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_15          /* Start @ of user Flash area */
#define FLASH_USER_END_ADDR     ADDR_FLASH_PAGE_15 + FLASH_PAGE_SIZE   /* End @ of user Flash area */

#define DATA_32                 ((uint32_t)0x12345678)

/*Variable used for Erase procedure*/
static FLASH_EraseInitTypeDef EraseInitStruct;
uint32_t Address = 0;

/**
  * @brief  Main program
  * @param  None
  * @retval None
  */
int main(void)
{
    /* STM32F0xx HAL library initialization:
         - Configure the Flash prefetch
         - Systick timer is configured by default as source of time base, but user
           can eventually implement his proper time base source (a general purpose
           timer for example or other time source), keeping in mind that Time base
           duration should be kept 1ms since PPP_TIMEOUT_VALUEs are defined and
           handled in milliseconds basis.
         - Low Level Initialization
       */
    HAL_Init();

    /* Configure the system clock to 48 MHz */
    SystemClock_Config();

    /* Unlock the Flash to enable the flash control register access *************/
    HAL_FLASH_Unlock();

    /* Erase the user Flash area
      (area defined by FLASH_USER_START_ADDR and FLASH_USER_END_ADDR) ***********/

    /* Fill EraseInit structure*/
    EraseInitStruct.TypeErase = FLASH_TYPEERASE_PAGES;
    EraseInitStruct.PageAddress = FLASH_USER_START_ADDR;
    EraseInitStruct.NbPages = (FLASH_USER_END_ADDR - FLASH_USER_START_ADDR) / FLASH_PAGE_SIZE;

    if (HAL_FLASHEx_Erase(&EraseInitStruct, &PageError) != HAL_OK)
    {
        /*
          Error occurred while page erase.
          User can add here some code to deal with this error.
          PageError will contain the faulty page and then to know the code error on this page,
          user can call function 'HAL_FLASH_GetError()'
        */
        /* Infinite loop */
        while (1)
        {
            /* User doing something here */
        }
    }

    /* Program the user Flash area word by word
      (area defined by FLASH_USER_START_ADDR and FLASH_USER_END_ADDR) ***********/

    Address = FLASH_USER_START_ADDR;

    while (Address < FLASH_USER_END_ADDR)
    {
        if (HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_WORD, Address, DATA_32) == HAL_OK)
        {
            Address = Address + 4;
        }
        else
        {
            /* Error occurred while writing data in Flash memory.
               User can add here some code to deal with this error */
            while (1)
            {
                /* User doing something here */
            }
        }
    }

    /* Lock the Flash to disable the flash control register access (recommended
       to protect the FLASH memory against possible unwanted operation) *********/
    HAL_FLASH_Lock();

    /* Check if the programmed data is OK
        MemoryProgramStatus = 0: data programmed correctly
        MemoryProgramStatus != 0: number of words not programmed correctly ******/
    Address = FLASH_USER_START_ADDR;
    MemoryProgramStatus = 0x0;

    while (Address < FLASH_USER_END_ADDR)
    {
        data32 = *(__IO uint32_t *)Address;

        if (data32 != DATA_32)
        {
            MemoryProgramStatus++;
        }
        Address = Address + 4;
    }

    /*Check if there is an issue to program data*/
    if (MemoryProgramStatus == 0)
    {
        /* User doing something here */
    }
    else
    {
        while (1)
        {
            /* User doing something here */
        }
    }

    /* Infinite loop */
    while (1)
    {
    }
}