【ES系列九】——批量同步数据至ES

一、方案
    1.通过es官网提供的bulk方法进行实现
    2.将数据按照规则写入到json文件中，通过curl命令进行批量提交操作
    
    注：如下实验es为集群，三台2c8g；mongodb为集群，三台2c16g；跑java程序的机器为2c4g

二、过程
    1.1.通过es官网提供的bulk方法实现，代码如下

package com.yunshi.timedtask.dao;

import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkItemResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

@Component
public class TestElasticSearch4J {
	private static RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
	        RestClient.builder(
	                new HttpHost("es1.yunshicloud.com", 9200, "http")
	        ));

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		TestElasticSearch4J testElasticSearch4J = new TestElasticSearch4J();
		
		List> mapList = new ArrayList<>();
		
		System.out.println("准备数据，总计"+mapList.size()+"条");

		testElasticSearch4J.batchInsert(mapList,"material");
		
		client.close();

	}

	public  void batchInsert(List> mapList,String type) throws IOException {
		BulkRequest request = new BulkRequest();
		
		for (Map map : mapList) {
			IndexRequest indexRequest= new IndexRequest("dev-rms-resource", type).source(map);
			request.add(indexRequest);
		}

		BulkResponse bulkItemResponses = client.bulk(request);

		for (BulkItemResponse bulkItemResponse : bulkItemResponses) {
			if (bulkItemResponse.isFailed()) {
				BulkItemResponse.Failure failure = bulkItemResponse.getFailure();
				System.out.println("批量插入完成"+failure.getStatus());
			}
		}
	}
     
}

    1.2.该方法本人没有测试效率
    
    2.1.通过查询数据写入到json文件中，结构格式如下
        {"index":{"_index":"dev-rms-resource","_type":"material"}}
        {"id":"123","name":"aaa","url":"https://123123"}
    2.2.通过curl命令进行批量提交操作
        curl -XPOST  http://192.168.1.211:9200/_bulk --data-binary @material.json
    2.3.将提交之后返回的每一条状态写入到一个文件中，通过如下linux命令检查是否有失败的
        grep -rn "400" *
    2.4.测试效率如下：
        160万数据，总大小2.4G，批量每次推送2万，大概耗时8分钟左右(包含读取mongodb的时间)
        54万数据，总大小6.4G，批量每次推送1千，大概耗时30分钟左右
    2.4.java代码实现
    

package com.yunshi.timedtask.scheduler;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.yunshi.timedtask.common.Constants;
import com.yunshi.timedtask.dao.BasicDao;
import com.yunshi.timedtask.dao.IEsBasicDao;
import com.yunshi.timedtask.dao.TestElasticSearch4J;
import com.yunshi.timedtask.dao.es.ESConfig;
import com.yunshi.timedtask.domain.*;
import com.yunshi.timedtask.util.DateUtil;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentBuilder;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Created by makang on 2019年12月30日.
 */
public class InitDataTaskService implements Runnable {

    private final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(InitDataTaskService.class);

    //调用底层的bean
    private BasicDao basicDao;
    private IEsBasicDao iEsBasicDao;
    private ESConfig esConfig;
    private int pageNum;

    //重写的构造器，用以接收外部传递过来的参数
    public InitDataTaskService(BasicDao basicDao, IEsBasicDao iEsBasicDao, ESConfig esConfig, int pageNum){
        this.basicDao = basicDao;
        this.iEsBasicDao = iEsBasicDao;
        this.esConfig = esConfig;
        this.pageNum = pageNum;
    }

    //实现的Runnable接口中的run方法
    @Override
    public  void run(){

        //开始时间
        long stertTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

        Map querymaterialAll = new HashMap(1);
        Map sortFilter = new HashMap(1);
        int pageNum = this.pageNum;

        //一、同步素材表中数据
        long materialAllSize = basicDao.count("material",querymaterialAll);
        log.info("开始同步素材，素材总数为："+materialAllSize);
        //1.1.添加检索条件来提高查询效率
        long allMaterialSize = 0;
        for (int pageSize=1;((pageSize-1)*pageNum*20)> materialList = basicDao.find("material",sortFilter,querymaterialAll,pageSize,pageNum*20);

            try {

                String filePath = "./material"+pageSize+".json";

                for (Map materialMap:materialList) {
                    Map materialesMap = new HashMap<>();

                    materialesMap.putAll(materialMap);

                    //写入到json文件中
                    FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(filePath, true);
                    BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(fw);
                    bw.append("{\"index\":{\"_index\":\""+esConfig.getIndexname()+"\",\"_type\":\"material\"}} \n" );
                    bw.append(JSON.toJSONString(materialesMap)+" \n");
                    bw.close();
                    fw.close();
                    materialSize ++;
                    allMaterialSize++;

                }
                //执行提交命令
                execCommand("curl -XPOST  "+esConfig.getAnalyzerServerIp()+"/_bulk --data-binary @material"+pageSize+".json","./logs/material"+pageSize+".log");

            } catch (Exception e) {
                log.info("失败的素材页数为:"+pageSize);
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            log.info("当前更新条数为：mongodb内容:"+materialSize);
            materialList.clear();
        }


        long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        log.info("===素材更新用时为："+DateUtil.getDistanceTime(stertTime,endTime)
                +"===素材更新条数为："+allMaterialSize);
    }

    /**
     * 执行curl命令的方法
     * @param cmd
     * @param logPath
     */
    public void execCommand(String cmd,String logPath) {
        try {
            log.info("开始执行shell命令，同步es数据");
            long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
            Runtime rt = Runtime.getRuntime();
            Process proc = rt.exec(cmd,null,null);

            InputStream stderr = proc.getInputStream();
            InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(stderr, "GBK");
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
            String line = "";
            int lineInt = 0;

            FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(logPath, true);
            BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(fw);
            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
                lineInt++;
                bw.append(line+" \n");
            }
            bw.close();
            fw.close();
            long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
            log.info("结束执行shell命令，同步es数据，用时："+(endTime-startTime)+"==子进程执行个数："+lineInt);
            stderr.close();
            isr.close();
            br.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

三、遇到的坑&待优化空间
    1.json文件的大小不得大于es集群配置的bulk.queue_size参数大小(配置文件默认配置为10M)
    
    1.json文件的大小可控制，超出限制大小则向下一个文件中保存数据从而保证批量提交文件大小在合理范围内
    2.代码中检测批量提交失败的内容进行记录，最后做重试
    3.如果批量没有失败的情况，则需要将生成的json文件删除
    
四、总结
    在做的过程中也是在尝试各种方法，黑猫白猫，先抓住一个老鼠，解决当前问题；然后再考虑后续效率以及优化的相关问题。
    希望小编的总结能够给读者带来帮助。