本文介绍DataLoader的collate_fn参数,实现自定义的batch输出。
DataLoader完整的参数表如下:
class torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
dataset,
batch_size=1,
shuffle=False,
sampler=None,
batch_sampler=None,
num_workers=0,
collate_fn=,
pin_memory=False,
drop_last=False,
timeout=0,
worker_init_fn=None)
DataLoader在数据集上提供单进程或多进程的迭代器
几个关键的参数意思:
- shuffle:设置为True的时候,每个世代都会打乱数据集
- collate_fn:如何取样本的,我们可以定义自己的函数来准确地实现想要的功能
- drop_last:告诉如何处理数据集长度除于batch_size余下的数据。True就抛弃,否则保留
import torch
import torch.utils.data as Data
import numpy as np
test = np.array([0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11])
inputing = torch.tensor(np.array([test[i:i + 3] for i in range(10)]))
target = torch.tensor(np.array([test[i:i + 1] for i in range(10)]))
torch_dataset = Data.TensorDataset(inputing,target)
batch = 3
loader = Data.DataLoader(
dataset=torch_dataset,
batch_size=batch, # 批大小
# 若dataset中的样本数不能被batch_size整除的话,最后剩余多少就使用多少
collate_fn=lambda x:(
torch.cat(
[x[i][j].unsqueeze(0) for i in range(len(x))], 0
).unsqueeze(0) for j in range(len(x[0]))
)
)
for (i,j) in loader:
print(i)
print(j)
输出结果:
tensor([[[ 0, 1, 2],
[ 1, 2, 3],
[ 2, 3, 4]]], dtype=torch.int32)
tensor([[[ 0],
[ 1],
[ 2]]], dtype=torch.int32)
tensor([[[ 3, 4, 5],
[ 4, 5, 6],
[ 5, 6, 7]]], dtype=torch.int32)
tensor([[[ 3],
[ 4],
[ 5]]], dtype=torch.int32)
tensor([[[ 6, 7, 8],
[ 7, 8, 9],
[ 8, 9, 10]]], dtype=torch.int32)
tensor([[[ 6],
[ 7],
[ 8]]], dtype=torch.int32)
tensor([[[ 9, 10, 11]]], dtype=torch.int32)
tensor([[[ 9]]], dtype=torch.int32)
如果不要collate_fn的值,输出变成
tensor([[ 0, 1, 2],
[ 1, 2, 3],
[ 2, 3, 4]], dtype=torch.int32)
tensor([[ 0],
[ 1],
[ 2]], dtype=torch.int32)
tensor([[ 3, 4, 5],
[ 4, 5, 6],
[ 5, 6, 7]], dtype=torch.int32)
tensor([[ 3],
[ 4],
[ 5]], dtype=torch.int32)
tensor([[ 6, 7, 8],
[ 7, 8, 9],
[ 8, 9, 10]], dtype=torch.int32)
tensor([[ 6],
[ 7],
[ 8]], dtype=torch.int32)
tensor([[ 9, 10, 11]], dtype=torch.int32)
tensor([[ 9]], dtype=torch.int32)
所以collate_fn就是使结果多一维。
看看collate_fn的值是什么意思。我们把它改为如下
collate_fn=lambda x:x
并输出
for i in loader:
print(i)
得到结果
[(tensor([ 0, 1, 2], dtype=torch.int32), tensor([ 0], dtype=torch.int32)), (tensor([ 1, 2, 3], dtype=torch.int32), tensor([ 1], dtype=torch.int32)), (tensor([ 2, 3, 4], dtype=torch.int32), tensor([ 2], dtype=torch.int32))]
[(tensor([ 3, 4, 5], dtype=torch.int32), tensor([ 3], dtype=torch.int32)), (tensor([ 4, 5, 6], dtype=torch.int32), tensor([ 4], dtype=torch.int32)), (tensor([ 5, 6, 7], dtype=torch.int32), tensor([ 5], dtype=torch.int32))]
[(tensor([ 6, 7, 8], dtype=torch.int32), tensor([ 6], dtype=torch.int32)), (tensor([ 7, 8, 9], dtype=torch.int32), tensor([ 7], dtype=torch.int32)), (tensor([ 8, 9, 10], dtype=torch.int32), tensor([ 8], dtype=torch.int32))]
[(tensor([ 9, 10, 11], dtype=torch.int32), tensor([ 9], dtype=torch.int32))]
每个i都是一个列表,每个列表包含batch_size个元组,每个元组包含TensorDataset的单独数据。所以要将重新组合成每个batch包含1*3*3的input和1*3*1的target,就要重新解包并打包。
看看我们的collate_fn:
collate_fn=lambda x:(
torch.cat(
[x[i][j].unsqueeze(0) for i in range(len(x))], 0
).unsqueeze(0) for j in range(len(x[0]))
)
j取的是两个变量:input和target。i取的是batch_size。然后通过unsqueeze(0)方法在前面加一维。torch.cat(,0)将其打包起来。然后再通过unsqueeze(0)方法在前面加一维。
完成。