python实例

相关题目在中国mooc嵩天老师的课程中
实例1: 温度转换

TempStr = input("请输入带有符号的温度值: ")
if TempStr[-1] in ['F', 'f']:
    C = (eval(TempStr[0:-1]) - 32)/1.8
    print("转换后的温度是{:.2f}C".format(C))
elif TempStr[-1] in ['C', 'c']:
    F = 1.8*eval(TempStr[0:-1]) + 32
    print("转换后的温度是{:.2f}F".format(F))
else:
print("输入格式错误")

实例2: Python蟒蛇绘制

import turtle
turtle.setup(650, 350, 200, 200)
turtle.penup()
turtle.fd(-250)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.pensize(25)
turtle.pencolor("purple")
turtle.seth(-40)
for i in range(4):
    turtle.circle(40, 80)
    turtle.circle(-40, 80)
turtle.circle(40, 80/2)
turtle.fd(40)
turtle.circle(16, 180)
turtle.fd(40 * 2/3)
turtle.done()

实例3: 天天向上的力量

dayup = 1.0
dayfactor = 0.01
for i in range(365):
   if i % 7 in [6,0]:
       dayup = dayup*(1-dayfactor)
   else:
       dayup = dayup*(1+dayfactor)
print("工作日的力量：{:.2f} ".format(dayup))

实例4:文本进度条
刷新本质：用打印的字符覆盖之前的字符
\r：打印后光标退回到之前的位置
print(“”,end=” ”) 在end后增加内容，若””为空，光标停在打印的后面
python不识别转义序列，在命令行中执行

import time
scale = 50
print("执行开始".center(scale//2, "-"))
start = time.perf_counter()
for i in range(scale+1):
    a = '*' * i
    b = '.' * (scale - i)
    c = (i/scale)*100
    dur = time.perf_counter() - start
    print("\r{:^3.0f}%[{}->{}]{:.2f}s".format(c,a,b,dur),end='')
    time.sleep(0.1)
print("\n"+"执行结束".center(scale//2,'-'))

实例5: 圆周率的计算

#蒙特卡洛法
from random import random
from time import perf_counter
DARTS = 1000*1000
hits = 0.0
start = perf_counter()
for i in range(1, DARTS+1):
    x, y = random(), random()
    dist = pow(x ** 2 + y ** 2, 0.5)
    if dist <= 1.0:
        hits = hits + 1
pi = 4 * (hits/DARTS)
print("圆周率值是: {}".format(pi))
print("运行时间是: {:.5f}s".format(perf_counter() - start))

实例6: 七段数码管绘制

import turtle, time
def drawGap(): #绘制数码管间隔
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.fd(5)
def drawLine(draw):   #绘制单段数码管
    drawGap()
    turtle.pendown() if draw else turtle.penup()
    turtle.fd(40)
    drawGap()
    turtle.right(90)
def drawDigit(d): #根据数字绘制七段数码管
    drawLine(True) if d in [2,3,4,5,6,8,9] else drawLine(False)
    drawLine(True) if d in [0,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] else drawLine(False)
    drawLine(True) if d in [0,2,3,5,6,8,9] else drawLine(False)
    drawLine(True) if d in [0,2,6,8] else drawLine(False)
    turtle.left(90)
    drawLine(True) if d in [0,4,5,6,8,9] else drawLine(False)
    drawLine(True) if d in [0,2,3,5,6,7,8,9] else drawLine(False)
    drawLine(True) if d in [0,1,2,3,4,7,8,9] else drawLine(False)
    turtle.left(180)
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.fd(20)
def drawDate(date):
    turtle.pencolor("red")
    for i in date:
        if i == '-':
            turtle.write('年',font=("Arial", 18, "normal"))
            turtle.pencolor("green")
            turtle.fd(40)
        elif i == '=':
            turtle.write('月',font=("Arial", 18, "normal"))
            turtle.pencolor("blue")
            turtle.fd(40)
        elif i == '+':
            turtle.write('日',font=("Arial", 18, "normal"))
        else:
            drawDigit(eval(i))
def main():
    turtle.setup(800, 350, 200, 200)
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.fd(-350)
    turtle.pensize(5)
#    drawDate('2018-10=10+')
    drawDate(time.strftime('%Y-%m=%d+',time.gmtime()))
    turtle.hideturtle()
    turtle.done()
main()

实例7: 科赫雪花小包裹

import turtle
def koch(size, n):
    if n == 0:
        turtle.fd(size)
    else:
        for angle in [0, 60, -120, 60]:
           turtle.left(angle)
           koch(size/3, n-1)
def main():
    turtle.setup(600,600)
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.goto(-200, 100)
    turtle.pendown()
    turtle.pensize(2)
    level = 3      # 3阶科赫雪花，阶数
    koch(400,level)     
    turtle.right(120)
    koch(400,level)
    turtle.right(120)
    koch(400,level)
    turtle.hideturtle()
main()

实例8: 基本统计值计算

def getNum():       #获取用户不定长度的输入
    nums = []
    iNumStr = input("请输入数字(回车退出): ")
    while iNumStr != "":
        nums.append(eval(iNumStr))
        iNumStr = input("请输入数字(回车退出): ")
    return nums
 
def mean(numbers):  #计算平均值
    s = 0.0
    for num in numbers:
        s = s + num
    return s / len(numbers)
 
def dev(numbers, mean): #计算方差
    sdev = 0.0
    for num in numbers:
        sdev = sdev + (num - mean)**2
    return pow(sdev / (len(numbers)-1), 0.5)
 
def median(numbers):    #计算中位数
    sorted(numbers)
    size = len(numbers)
    if size % 2 == 0:
        med = (numbers[size//2-1] + numbers[size//2])/2
    else:
        med = numbers[size//2]
    return med
 
n =  getNum() #主体函数
m =  mean(n)
print("平均值:{},方差:{:.2},中位数:{}.".format(m, dev(n,m),median(n)))

实例9: 文本词频统计

def getText():
    txt = open("hamlet.txt", "r").read()
    txt = txt.lower()
    for ch in '!"#$%&()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^_‘{|}~':
        txt = txt.replace(ch, " ")   #将文本中特殊字符替换为空格
    return txt
 
hamletTxt = getText()
words  = hamletTxt.split()
counts = {}
for word in words:           
    counts[word] = counts.get(word,0) + 1
items = list(counts.items())
items.sort(key=lambda x:x[1], reverse=True) 
for i in range(10):
    word, count = items[i]
print ("{0:<10}{1:>5}".format(word, count))

实例10: 自动轨迹绘制

import turtle as t
t.title('自动轨迹绘制')
t.setup(800, 600, 0, 0)
t.pencolor("red")
t.pensize(5)
#数据读取
datals = []
f = open("data.txt")
for line in f:
    line = line.replace("\n","")
    datals.append(list(map(eval, line.split(","))))
f.close()
#自动绘制
for i in range(len(datals)):
    t.pencolor(datals[i][3],datals[i][4],datals[i][5])
    t.fd(datals[i][0])
    if datals[i][1]:
        t.rt(datals[i][2])
    else:
        t.lt(datals[i][2])

实例11: 政府工作报告词云

import jieba
import wordcloud
from scipy.misc import imread
mask = imread("chinamap.jpg")
excludes = { }
f = open("新时代中国特色社会主义.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8")
t = f.read()
f.close()
ls = jieba.lcut(t)
txt = " ".join(ls)
w = wordcloud.WordCloud(\
    width = 1000, height = 700,\
    background_color = "white",
    font_path = "msyh.ttc", mask = mask
    )
w.generate(txt)
w.to_file("grwordcloudm.png")

实例12: 体育竞技分析

from random import random
def printIntro():
    print("这个程序模拟两个选手A和B的某种竞技比赛")
    print("程序运行需要A和B的能力值（以0到1之间的小数表示）")
def getInputs():
    a = eval(input("请输入选手A的能力值(0-1): "))
    b = eval(input("请输入选手B的能力值(0-1): "))
    n = eval(input("模拟比赛的场次: "))
    return a, b, n
def simNGames(n, probA, probB):
    winsA, winsB = 0, 0
    for i in range(n):
        scoreA, scoreB = simOneGame(probA, probB)
        if scoreA > scoreB:
            winsA += 1
        else:
            winsB += 1
    return winsA, winsB
def gameOver(a,b):
    return a==15 or b==15
def simOneGame(probA, probB):
    scoreA, scoreB = 0, 0
    serving = "A"
    while not gameOver(scoreA, scoreB):
        if serving == "A":
            if random() < probA:
                scoreA += 1
            else:
                serving="B"
        else:
            if random() < probB:
                scoreB += 1
            else:
                serving="A"
    return scoreA, scoreB
def printSummary(winsA, winsB):
    n = winsA + winsB
    print("竞技分析开始，共模拟{}场比赛".format(n))
    print("选手A获胜{}场比赛，占比{:0.1%}".format(winsA, winsA/n))
    print("选手B获胜{}场比赛，占比{:0.1%}".format(winsB, winsB/n))
def main():
    printIntro()
    probA, probB, n = getInputs()
    winsA, winsB = simNGames(n, probA, probB)
    printSummary(winsA, winsB)
main()

实例13: 第三方库安装脚本

import os
libs = {"numpy","matplotlib","pillow","sklearn","requests",\
        "jieba","beautifulsoup4","wheel","networkx","sympy",\
        "pyinstaller","django","flask","werobot","pyqt5",\
        "pandas","pyopengl","pypdf2","docopt","pygame"}
try:
    for lib in libs:
        os.system("pip3 install "+lib)
    print("Successful")        
except:
print("Failed Somehow")

实例14：三位水仙花数

#法1
ans=""
for i in range(100,1000):
    a=int(i//100)
    b=int((i-100*a)//10)
    c=int(i%10)
    if a**3+b**3+c**3==i:
        ans=ans+str(a)+str(b)+str(c)+", "
print(ans[:-2])


#法2
ans=[]
for i in range(100,1000):
    a=i//100
    b=(i-100*a)//10
    c=i%10
    if a**3+b**3+c**3==i:
        ans.append(str(i))
print(", ".join(ans))