词云--《红楼梦》--jieba库--wordcloud库

《红楼梦》
1.人物出场统计

import jieba
f=open('F:/2级python/test/T10/sucai/红楼梦.txt','r',encoding='utf-8')
txt=f.read()
f.close()
words=jieba.lcut(txt)
counts={}
for word in words:
    if len(word)==1:
        continue
    else:
        counts[word]=counts.get(word,0)+1
items=list(counts.items())
items.sort(key=lambda x:x[1],reverse=True)
for i in range(15):
    word,count=items[i]
    print('{0:<10}{1:>5}'.format(word,count))

运行结果：

宝玉 3748
什么 1613
一个 1451
贾母 1228
我们 1220
那里 1174
凤姐 1100
王夫人 1011
你们 1009
如今 999
说道 973
知道 967
老太太 966
起来 949
姑娘 941

从结果可以看出并不是都是人物名称，对此，需对代码进行加工：
2. 加工：
引入排除词库excludes
代码：

import jieba 
f=open('F:/2级python/test/T10/sucai/红楼梦.txt','r',encoding='utf-8')
txt=f.read()
f.close()
words=jieba.lcut(txt)
counts={}
for word in words:
    if len(word)==1:
        continue
    else:
        counts[word]=counts.get(word,0)+1
        
excludes = {"什么","一个","我们","那里","你们","如今", \
            "说道","知道","老太太","起来","姑娘","这里", \
            "出来","他们","众人","自己","一面","太太", \
            "只见","怎么","奶奶","两个","没有","不是", \
            "不知","这个","听见"}
for word in excludes:
    del(counts[word])
items=list(counts.items())
items.sort(key=lambda x:x[1],reverse=True)
for i in range(5):
    word,count=items[i]
    print('{0:<10}{1:>5}'.format(word,count))

运行结果：
宝玉 3748
贾母 1228
凤姐 1100
王夫人 1011
贾琏 670

总结：
可以看出：宝玉出现次数最多，贾母，凤姐，王夫人等出现次数也不少，频率也差不多 从排除词库可看出：作者喜欢用“我们”，“你们”，“姑娘”，“奶奶”等。因此，如果只通过人物名称来判断出场次数似乎不太好。本文将不在此完善该问题。
3.

#3人物出场词云
import jieba
from wordcloud import WordCloud
#读文本文件
f=open('F:/2级python/test/T10/sucai/红楼梦.txt','r',encoding='utf-8') 
txt=f.read()
f.close()
words=jieba.lcut(txt)
newtxt=' '.join(words)
excludes = {"什么","一个","我们","那里","你们","如今", \
            "说道","知道","老太太","起来","姑娘","这里", \
            "出来","他们","众人","自己","一面","太太", \
            "只见","怎么","奶奶","两个","没有","不是", \
            "不知","这个","听见"}
wc=WordCloud(background_color='white',font_path='msyh.ttc',height=600,width=800,\
                    max_words=200,max_font_size=80,stopwords=excludes)
wordcloud=wc.generate(newtxt)
wordcloud.to_file('F:/2级python/test/T10/tmp/红楼梦基本词云.png')

运行结果：

import jieba
from wordcloud import WordCloud
#读文本文件
f=open('F:/2级python/test/T10/sucai/红楼梦.txt','r',encoding='utf-8') 
txt=f.read()
f.close()
words=jieba.lcut(txt)
newtxt=' '.join(words)
excludes = {"什么","一个","我们","那里","你们","如今", \
            "说道","知道","老太太","起来","姑娘","这里", \
            "出来","他们","众人","自己","一面","太太", \
            "只见","怎么","奶奶","两个","没有","不是", \
            "不知","这个","听见"}
wc=WordCloud(background_color='white',font_path='msyh.ttc',height=400,width=200,\
                    max_words=5,max_font_size=80,stopwords=excludes)
wordcloud=wc.generate(newtxt)
wordcloud.to_file('F:/2级python/test/T10/tmp/红楼梦基本词云.png')