输入一个复杂链表(每个节点中有节点值,以及两个指针,一个指向下一个节点,另一个特殊指针指向任意一个节点),返回结果为复制后复杂链表的head。(注意,输出结果中请不要返回参数中的节点引用,否则判题程序会直接返回空)
关键词:链表 指针
将链表拆成正常顺序的list和对应random指针的map。然后复制这个list和map得到新的链表
时间复杂度:O(N)
空间复杂度:O(N)
class Solution:
def Clone(self, pHead):
lian = []
biao = {}
p = pHead
# 复制链表,此时list里仍是旧链表
while p:
lian.append(p)
p = p.next
# 得到每个节点的random节点index
p = pHead
i = 0
while p:
if p.random:
biao[i] = lian.index(p.random)
else:
biao[i] = -1
p = p.next
i += 1
# new一个新的链表
new_lian = [RandomListNode(p.label) for p in lian]
# 遍历更新新链表的random和next关系
for i in range(len(new_lian)):
if i < len(new_lian) - 1:
new_lian[i].next = new_lian[i+1]
if biao[i] != -1:
new_lian[i].random = new_lian[biao[i]]
return new_lian[0] if new_lian else None
利用map查找(O(1))next和random节点是否已经存在,不存在建立新的节点并且更新map,存在直接映射到已存在的节点。
时间复杂度:O(2N)
空间复杂度:O(N)
class Solution:
def Clone(self, pHead):
if not pHead:
return None
biao = {}
p = pHead
# 定义map中原节点指向新的节点,注意在python中list的查找是O(N),而dict是O(Nlog(N)),另外set是O(log(N))但是无法保存映射关系
biao[p] = RandomListNode(p.label)
new_p = biao[p]
new_head = new_p
while p:
if p.next:
# 判断next节点是否已经建立过(在map中存在)
if p.next not in biao:
biao[p.next] = RandomListNode(p.next.label)
new_p.next = biao[p.next]
if p.random:
if p.random not in biao:
biao[p.random] = RandomListNode(p.random.label)
new_p.random = biao[p.random]
p = p.next
new_p = new_p.next
return new_head
//链接:https://www.nowcoder.com/questionTerminal/f836b2c43afc4b35ad6adc41ec941dba?answerType=1&f=discussion
HashMap<RandomListNode, RandomListNode> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
public RandomListNode Clone(RandomListNode pHead) {
if (pHead == null)
return null;
RandomListNode randomListNode = new RandomListNode(pHead.label);
hashMap.put(pHead, randomListNode);
//移动的指针
RandomListNode temp = randomListNode ;
RandomListNode cur = pHead;
while (cur != null) {
//为next 节点赋值
if (cur.next != null) {
if (!hashMap.containsKey(cur.next))
hashMap.put(cur.next, new RandomListNode(cur.next.label));
temp.next = hashMap.get(cur.next);
}
//为random 节点赋值
if (cur.random != null) {
if (!hashMap.containsKey(cur.random))
hashMap.put(cur.random, new RandomListNode(cur.random.label));
temp.random = hashMap.get(cur.random);
}
//移动指针
cur = cur.next;
temp = temp.next;
}
return randomListNode;
}
在每个原节点后面复制新的节点,例如原A->新A->原B->新B->…,遍历两次分别更新新节点的next和random指向,最后拆出新节点形成新链表。
时间复杂度:O(2N)
空间复杂度:O(2N)
class Solution:
def Clone(self, pHead):
if not pHead:
return None
# 在原节点后面加上新节点,并得到新的next关系
p = pHead
while p:
temp = p.next
clone = RandomListNode(p.label)
p.next = clone
clone.next = temp
p = temp
# 对所有新节点加上其random节点
p = pHead
while p:
if p.random:
p.next.random = p.random.next # 注意此时的random其实是原来random的复制节点,也就是random.next而不是random
p = p.next.next
#拆分新节点,注意末尾节点的next=None?判断
new_head = pHead.next
p = pHead
while p:
clone = p.next
p.next = clone.next
p = p.next
if clone.next:
clone.next = p.next
return new_head
// 链接:https://www.nowcoder.com/questionTerminal/f836b2c43afc4b35ad6adc41ec941dba?answerType=1&f=discussion
public class Solution {
public RandomListNode Clone(RandomListNode pHead) {
if(pHead == null) {
return null;
}
RandomListNode currentNode = pHead;
//1、复制每个结点,如复制结点A得到A1,将结点A1插到结点A后面;
while(currentNode != null){
RandomListNode cloneNode = new RandomListNode(currentNode.label);
RandomListNode nextNode = currentNode.next;
currentNode.next = cloneNode;
cloneNode.next = nextNode;
currentNode = nextNode;
}
currentNode = pHead;
//2、重新遍历链表,复制老结点的随机指针给新结点,如A1.random = A.random.next;
while(currentNode != null) {
currentNode.next.random = currentNode.random==null?null:currentNode.random.next;
currentNode = currentNode.next.next;
}
//3、拆分链表,将链表拆分为原链表和复制后的链表
currentNode = pHead;
RandomListNode pCloneHead = pHead.next;
while(currentNode != null) {
RandomListNode cloneNode = currentNode.next;
currentNode.next = cloneNode.next;
cloneNode.next = cloneNode.next==null?null:cloneNode.next.next;
currentNode = currentNode.next;
}
return pCloneHead;
}
}