SQL基础练习题

不得不说SQL是数据分析师入门的基础，想开始从事数据分析工作的同学最好将SQL练一练再找工作。大概看了一个月的MYSQL从入门到精通，无奈纸上谈兵，没有实战经验，于是从网上找了一些练习题，整理成下文。这些练习题算是入门SQL比较好的题库，如果觉得这些题目不够过瘾的同学可以参考我的另一篇文章《SQL进阶练习题》，去更深入地学习。

SQL进阶练习题

导入数据表

首先需要建立空白的数据库STUDENT，再导入如下几张表供练习题所用。

# 创建数据库STUDENT
CREATE DATABASE STUDENT;
# 创建表STUDENT
CREATE TABLE STUDENT
(SNO VARCHAR(3) NOT NULL, 
SNAME VARCHAR(4) NOT NULL,
SSEX VARCHAR(2) NOT NULL, 
SBIRTHDAY DATETIME,
CLASS VARCHAR(5));
# 创建表COURSE
CREATE TABLE COURSE
(CNO VARCHAR(5) NOT NULL, 
CNAME VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL, 
TNO VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL);
# 创建表SCORE 
CREATE TABLE SCORE 
(SNO VARCHAR(3) NOT NULL, 
CNO VARCHAR(5) NOT NULL, 
DEGREE NUMERIC(10, 1) NOT NULL);
# 创建表TEACHER
CREATE TABLE TEACHER 
(TNO VARCHAR(3) NOT NULL, 
TNAME VARCHAR(4) NOT NULL, TSEX VARCHAR(2) NOT NULL, 
TBIRTHDAY DATETIME NOT NULL, PROF VARCHAR(6), 
DEPART VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL);
# 向各表导入数据
INSERT INTO STUDENT (SNO,SNAME,SSEX,SBIRTHDAY,CLASS) VALUES 
(108 ,'曾华' ,'男' ,'1977-09-01',95033),
(105 ,'匡明' ,'男' ,'1975-10-02',95031),
(107 ,'王丽' ,'女' ,'1976-01-23',95033),
(101 ,'李军' ,'男' ,'1976-02-20',95033),
(109 ,'王芳' ,'女' ,'1975-02-10',95031),
(103 ,'陆君' ,'男' ,'1974-06-03',95031);
INSERT INTO COURSE(CNO,CNAME,TNO) VALUES 
('3-105' ,'计算机导论',825),
('3-245' ,'操作系统' ,804),
 ('6-166' ,'数据电路' ,856),
('9-888' ,'高等数学' ,100);
INSERT INTO SCORE(SNO,CNO,DEGREE) VALUES
(103,'3-245',86),
(105,'3-245',75),
 (109,'3-245',68),
 (103,'3-105',92),
(105,'3-105',88),
 (109,'3-105',76),
 (101,'3-105',64),
 (107,'3-105',91),
(108,'3-105',78),
 (101,'6-166',85),
 (107,'6-106',79),
 (108,'6-166',81);
INSERT INTO TEACHER(TNO,TNAME,TSEX,TBIRTHDAY,PROF,DEPART) VALUES 
(804,'李诚','男','1958-12-02','副教授','计算机系'),
 (856,'张旭','男','1969-03-12','讲师','电子工程系'),
(825,'王萍','女','1972-05-05','助教','计算机系'),
(831,'刘冰','女','1977-08-14','助教','电子工程系');

题目

1、 查询Student表中的所有记录的Sname、Ssex和Class列。
2、 查询教师所有的单位即不重复的Depart列。
3、 查询Student表的所有记录。
4、 查询Score表中成绩在60到80之间的所有记录。
5、 查询Score表中成绩为85，86或88的记录。
6、 查询Student表中“95031”班或性别为“女”的同学记录。
7、 以Class降序查询Student表的所有记录。
8、 以Cno升序、Degree降序查询Score表的所有记录。
9、 查询“95031”班的学生人数。
10、查询Score表中的最高分的学生学号和课程号。
11、查询‘3-105’号课程的平均分。
12、查询Score表中至少有5名学生选修的并以3开头的课程的平均分数。
13、查询最低分大于70，最高分小于90的Sno列。
14、查询所有学生的Sname、Cno和Degree列。
15、查询所有学生的Sno、Cname和Degree列。
16、查询所有学生的Sname、Cname和Degree列。
17、查询“95033”班所选课程的平均分。
18、假设使用如下命令建立了一个grade表：
create table grade(low varchar(3),upp varchar(3),rank varchar(3));
insert into grade values(90,100,’A’);
insert into grade values(80,89,’B’);
insert into grade values(70,79,’C’);
insert into grade values(60,69,’D’);
insert into grade values(0,59,’E’);
现查询所有同学的Sno、Cno和rank列。
19、查询选修“3-105”课程的成绩高于“109”号同学成绩的所有同学的记录。
20、查询score中选学一门以上课程的同学中分数为非最高分成绩的记录。
21、查询成绩高于学号为“109”、课程号为“3-105”的成绩的所有记录。
22、查询和学号为108的同学同年出生的所有学生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。
23、查询“张旭“教师任课的学生成绩。
24、查询选修某课程的同学人数多于5人的教师姓名。
25、查询95033班和95031班全体学生的记录。
26、查询存在有85分以上成绩的课程Cno.
27、查询出“计算机系“教师所教课程的成绩表。
28、查询“计算机系”与“电子工程系“不同职称的教师的Tname和Prof。
29、查询选修编号为“3-105“课程且成绩至少高于选修编号为“3-245”的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree,并按Degree从高到低次序排序。
30、查询选修编号为“3-105”且成绩高于选修编号为“3-245”课程的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree.
31、查询所有教师和同学的name、sex和birthday.
32、查询所有“女”教师和“女”同学的name、sex和birthday.
33、查询成绩比该课程平均成绩低的同学的成绩表。
34、查询所有任课教师的Tname和Depart.
35 查询所有未讲课的教师的Tname和Depart.
36、查询至少有2名男生的班号。
37、查询Student表中不姓“王”的同学记录。
38、查询Student表中每个学生的姓名和年龄。
39、查询Student表中最大和最小的Sbirthday日期值。
40、以班号和年龄从大到小的顺序查询Student表中的全部记录。
41、查询“男”教师及其所上的课程。
42、查询最高分同学的Sno、Cno和Degree列。
43、查询和“李军”同性别的所有同学的Sname.
44、查询和“李军”同性别并同班的同学Sname.
45、查询所有选修“计算机导论”课程的“男”同学的成绩表。

参考答案

1. SELECT SNAME,SSEX,CLASS FROM STUDENT;
2. SELECT DISTINCT DEPART FROM TEACHER;
3. SELECT * FROM STUDENT;
4. SELECT * FROM SCORE WHERE DEGREE BETWEEN 60 AND 80;
5. SELECT * FROM SCORE WHERE DEGREE IN (85,86,88);
6. SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE CLASS=95031 OR SSEX=’女’;
7. SELECT * FROM STUDENT ORDER BY CLASS DESC;
8. SELECT * FROM SCORE ORDER BY CNO,DEGREE DESC;
9. SELECT COUNT(*) NUMBER FROM STUDENT WHERE CLASS=95031;
10. SELECT SNO,CNO FROM SCOREWHERE DEGREE=(SELECT MAX(DEGREE) FROM SCORE);
11. SELECT AVG(DEGREE) FROM SCORE WHERE CNO=’3-105’;
12. SELECT AVG(DEGREE),CNO FROM SCORE WHERE CNO LIKE ‘3%’
    GROUP BY CNO HAVING COUNT(SNO)>=5;
13. SELECT CNO FROM SCORE WHERE DEGREE>70&&DEGREE<90;
14. SELECT P.SNAME,Q.CNO,Q.DEGREE
    FROM STUDENT P INNER JOIN SCORE Q ON P.SNO=Q.SNO;
15. SELECT A.CNO,A.CNAME,B.DEGREE
    FROM COURSE A INNER JOIN SCORE B
    ON A.CNO=B.CNO;
    A.CNAME,B.DEGREE,C.SNAME
    FROM COURSE A INNER JOIN (SCORE B,STUDENT C)
    ON A.CNO=B.CNO AND B.SNO=C.SNO;
16. SELECT AVG(DEGREE)
    FROM STUDENT A INNER JOIN SCORE B
    ON A.SNO=B.SNO
    WHERE A.CLASS=95033;
17. SELECT AVG(DEGREE)
    FROM STUDENT A INNER JOIN SCORE B
    ON A.SNO=B.SNO
    WHERE A.CLASS=95033;
18. SELECT A.SNO,A.CNO,B.rank from score A ,grade B
    WHERE A.DEGREE>=B.low && A.DEGREE<=B.upp;
19. SELECT * FROM SCORE
    WHERE CNO=’3-105’ AND DEGREE>
    ALL(SELECT DEGREE FROM SCORE WHERE SNO=109 AND CNO=’3-105’);
20. SELECT * FROM SCORE
    WHERE DEGREE NOT IN
    (SELECT MAX(DEGREE) FROM SCORE
    GROUP BY SNO )
    AND SNO IN
    (SELECT SNO FROM SCORE
    GROUP BY SNO HAVING COUNT(SNO)>1);
21. SELECT * FROM SCORE
    WHERE DEGREE>(SELECT DEGREE FROM SCORE
    WHERE SNO=109 AND CNO=’3-105’);
22. SELECT * FROM STUDENT
    WHERE YEAR(SBIRTHDAY)=(
    SELECT YEAR(SBIRTHDAY) FROM STUDENT WHERE SNO=108)
23. SELECT A.SNO,A.DEGREE
    FROM SCORE A JOIN (TEACHER B,COURSE C)
    ON A.CNO=C.CNO AND B.TNO=C.TNO
    WHERE B.TNAME=’张旭’;
24. SELECT B.TNAME
    FROM SCORE A JOIN (TEACHER B,COURSE C)
    ON (A.CNO=C.CNO AND B.TNO=C.TNO)
    GROUP BY A.CNO HAVING COUNT(A.CNO)>5;
25. SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE CLASS IN (95033,95031);
26. SELECT DISTINCT CNO FROM SCORE WHERE DEGREE>85;
27. SELECT A.SNO,A.CNO,A.DEGREE
    FROM SCORE A JOIN (TEACHER B,COURSE C);
    ON A.CNO=C.CNO AND B.TNO=C.TNO
    WHERE DEPART=’计算机系’;
28. SELECT TNAME,PROF FROM TEACHER
    WHERE DEPART=’计算机系’ AND PROF NOT IN (
    SELECT PROF FROM TEACHER WHERE DEPART=’电子工程系’);
29. SELECT * FROM SCORE
    WHERE CNO=’3-105’ AND DEGREE>ANY(
    SELECT DEGREE FROM SCORE WHERE CNO=’3-245’)
    ORDER BY DEGREE DESC;
30. SELECT * FROM SCORE
    WHERE CNO=’3-105’ AND DEGREE>ALL(
    SELECT DEGREE FROM SCORE WHERE CNO=’3-245’);
31. SELECT SNAME,SSEX,SBIRTHDAY FROM STUDENT
    UNION
    SELECT TNAME,TSEX,TBIRTHDAY FROM TEACHER;
32. SELECT SNAME NAME,SSEX SEX,SBIRTHDAY BIRTHDAY FROM STUDENT
    WHERE SSEX=’女’
    UNION
    SELECT TNAME,TSEX,TBIRTHDAY FROM TEACHER
    WHERE TSEX=’女’;

33. SELECT A.* FROM SCORE A INNER JOIN
(SELECT CNO,AVG(DEGREE) AVG
FROM SCORE GROUP BY CNO) B
ON A.CNO=B.CNO
WHERE DEGREE

34. SELECT A.TNAME,A.DEPART FROM TEACHER A JOIN COURSE B ON A.TNO=B.TNO;

35. SELECT TNAME,DEPART FROM TEACHER
    WHERE TNO NOT IN (SELECT TNO FROM COURSE);
36. SELECT CLASS FROM STUDENT
    WHERE SSEX=’男’
    GROUP BY CLASS HAVING COUNT(SSEX)>1;
37. SELECT CLASS FROM STUDENT WHERE SSEX=’女’
    GROUP BY CLASS HAVING COUNT(SSEX)>1；
38. SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE NOT SNAME LIKE ‘王%’;
39. SELECT SNAME,YEAR(NOW())-YEAR(SBIRTHDAY) AGE FROM STUDENT;SELECT * FROM student ORDER BY CLASS DESC,SBIRTHDAY;
40. SELECT * FROM student ORDER BY CLASS DESC,SBIRTHDAY;
41. SELECT CNO,CNAME FROM COURSE
    WHERE TNO IN (SELECT TNO FROM TEACHER WHERE TSEX=’男’);
42. SELECT SNO,CNO,DEGREE
    FROM SCORE WHERE DEGREE=(SELECT MAX(DEGREE) FROM SCORE);
43. SELECT SNAME FROM student WHERE SSEX=
    (SELECT SSEX FROM STUDENT WHERE SNAME=’李军’);
44. SELECT SNAME FROM student WHERE (SSEX,CLASS)=
    (SELECT SSEX,CLASS FROM STUDENT WHERE SNAME=’李军’);
45. SELECT A.* FROM SCORE A JOIN(STUDENT B,COURSE C)
    ON A.SNO=B.SNO AND A.CNO=C.CNO
    WHERE B.SSEX=’男’ AND C.CNAME=’计算机导论’；

---