需求:
1.访问一个Servlet,如果是第一次访问,则提示:您好,欢迎您首次访问。
2.如果不是第一次访问,则提示:欢迎回来,您上次访问时间为:显示时间字符串
分析:
1.可以采用Cookie来完成
2.在服务器中的Servlet判断是否有一个名为lastTime的cookie
1.有:不是第一次访问
1. 响应数据:欢迎回来,您上次访问时间为:2018年6月10日11:50:20
2. 写回Cookie:lastTime=2018年6月10日11:50:01
2. 没有:是第一次访问
1. 响应数据:您好,欢迎您首次访问
2. 写回Cookie:lastTime=2018年6月10日11:50:01
代码实现:
package cn.itcast.cookie;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
@WebServlet("/cookieTest")
public class CookieTest extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 设置相应的消息体的数据格式以及编码
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
// 1.获取所有Cookie
Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
boolean flag = false; //没有cookie为lastTime,flag为false
// 2.遍历cookie数组
if( cookies != null && cookies.length>0){
for(Cookie cookie: cookies){
//3.获取cookie的名称
String name = cookie.getName();
// 4. 判断名称是否是:lastTime
if("lastTime".equals(name)){
//有该Cookie,不是第一次访问
flag = true; // 有lastTime的cookie,flag为true
//设置Cookie的value
//获取当前时间的字符串,重新设置Cookie的值,重新发送cookie
Date date = new Date();
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日 HH:mm:ss");
String str_date = sdf.format(date);
System.out.println("编码前:"+str_date);
// URL编码
str_date = URLEncoder.encode(str_date,"utf-8");
System.out.println("编码后:"+str_date);
cookie.setValue(str_date);
// 设置cookie的存活时间
cookie.setMaxAge(60*60*24*30); //一个月
response.addCookie(cookie);
// 响应数据
// 获取Cookie的value,时间
String value = cookie.getValue();
System.out.println("解码前:"+value);
// URL解码
value = URLDecoder.decode(value,"utf-8");
System.out.println("解码后:"+value);
response.getWriter().write("欢迎回来,您上次访问时间为:"
+value+"");
break;
}
}
}
//没有,第一次访问
if(cookies == null || cookies.length == 0 || flag == false){
//设置Cookie的value
// 获取当前时间的字符串,重新设置Cookie的值,重新发送cookie
Date date = new Date();
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日HH:mm:ss");
String str_date = sdf.format(date);
System.out.println("编码前:"+str_date);
// URL编码
str_date = URLEncoder.encode(str_date,"utf-8");
System.out.println("编码后:"+str_date);
Cookie cookie = new Cookie("lastTime",str_date);
//设置cookie的存活时间
cookie.setMaxAge(60*60*24*30); //一个月
response.addCookie(cookie);
response.getWriter().write("您好,欢迎您首次访问
");
}
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
}
案例需求:
1.访问带有验证码的登录页面login.jsp
2.用户输入用户名,密码以及验证码。
1)如果用户名和密码输入有误,跳转登录页面,提示:用户名或密码错误
2) 如果验证码输入有误,跳转登录页面,提示:验证码错误
3)如果全部输入正确,则跳转到主页success.jsp,显示:用户名,欢迎您
分析:
补充:这个案例没有操作数据库,操作数据库的登录案例查看 javaweb用户登录案例;
验证码部分是自己写的,知识点看Javaweb自动生成验证码图片;在这个案例中,还需要将验证码写入Session
代码实现:
登录页面login.jsp:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>login</title>
<script>
window.onload = function(){
document.getElementById("img").onclick = function(){
this.src="/checkCodeServlet?time="+new Date().getTime();
}
}
</script>
<style>
div{
color: red;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/loginServlet" method="post"><%--访问的地址一定要填对--%>
<table>
<tr>
<td>用户名</td>
<td><input type="text" name="username"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码</td>
<td><input type="password" name="password"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>验证码</td>
<td><input type="text" name="checkCode"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><img id="img" src="/checkCodeServlet"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="登录"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
<div><%=request.getAttribute("cc_error") == null ? "" : request.getAttribute("cc_error")%></div>
<div><%=request.getAttribute("login_error") == null ? "" : request.getAttribute("login_error") %></div>
</body>
</html>
登录成功页面seccess.jsp:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1><%=request.getSession().getAttribute("user")%>,欢迎您</h1>
</body>
</html>
验证码Servlet:
package cn.itcast.servlet;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
@WebServlet("/checkCodeServlet")
public class CheckCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
int width = 100;
int height = 50;
//1.创建一对象,在内存中图片(验证码图片对象)
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width,height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
//2.美化图片
//2.1 填充背景色
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();//画笔对象
g.setColor(Color.PINK);//设置画笔颜色
g.fillRect(0,0,width,height);
//2.2画边框
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.drawRect(0,0,width - 1,height - 1);
String str = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghigklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
//生成随机角标
Random ran = new Random();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 1; i <= 4; i++) {
int index = ran.nextInt(str.length());
//获取字符
char ch = str.charAt(index);//随机字符
sb.append(ch);
//2.3写验证码
g.drawString(ch+"",width/5*i,height/2);
}
String checkCode_session = sb.toString();
//将验证码存入session
request.getSession().setAttribute("checkCode_session",checkCode_session);
//2.4画干扰线
g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
//随机生成坐标点
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
int x1 = ran.nextInt(width);
int x2 = ran.nextInt(width);
int y1 = ran.nextInt(height);
int y2 = ran.nextInt(height);
g.drawLine(x1,y1,x2,y2);
}
//3.将图片输出到页面展示
ImageIO.write(image,"jpg",response.getOutputStream());
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request,response);
}
}
登录时判断的Servlet:
package cn.itcast.servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/loginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 1.设置request编码
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
// 2.获取参数
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
String checkCode = request.getParameter("checkCode");
// 3.先获取生成的验证码
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
String checkCode_session = (String) session.getAttribute("checkCode_session");
// 删除session中存储的验证码
session.removeAttribute("checkCode_session");
// 4.判断验证码是否正确
if(checkCode_session != null && checkCode_session.equalsIgnoreCase(checkCode)){
//忽视大小写比较
//验证码正确
//判断用户名和密码是否正确
if("zhangsan".equals(username) && "123".equals(password)){ //需要调用UserDao查询数据库,这里直接写死了
//登陆成功
// 存储信息,用户信息
session.setAttribute("user",username);
// 重定向到success.jsp
response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/success.jsp");
}else {
//登录失败
//存储提示信息到request
request.setAttribute("login_error","用户名或密码错误");
//转发到登录页面
request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request,response);
}
}else {
//验证码不一致
//存储提示信息到request
request.setAttribute("cc_error","验证码错误");
//转发到登录页面
request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request,response);
}
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
}