华为VRRP浮动路由配置实战

VRRP浮动路由

RRP基本概念

VRRP（Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol，虚拟路由器冗余协议）将可以承担网关功能的一组路由器加入到备份组中，形成一台虚拟路由器，这样主机的网关设置成虚拟网关，就能够实现冗余。

VRRP原理

VRRP将局域网内的一组路由器划分在一起，称为一个备份组。备份组由一个Master路由器和多个Backup路由器组成，功能上相当于一台虚拟路由器。

VRRP备份组具有以下特点：

（1）、 虚拟路由器具有IP地址，称为虚拟IP地址。局域网内的主机仅需要知道这个虚拟路由器的IP地址，并将其设置为缺省路由的下一跳地址。

（2）、 网络内的主机通过这个虚拟路由器与外部网络进行通信。

（3）、备份组内的路由器根据优先级，选举出Master路由器，承担网关功能。其他路由器作为Backup路由器，当Master路由器发生故障时，取代Master继续履行网关职责，从而保证网络内的主机不间断地与外部网络进行通信。

eNSP中拓扑：

LSW3的配置：

[SW3]vlan batch 10 20 
[SW3]int e0/0/1
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type access 
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 10
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface Ethernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/1]int e0/0/2
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access 	
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 20
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/2]un sh
Info: Interface Ethernet0/0/2 is not shutdown.
[SW3-Ethernet0/0/2]int g0/0/1
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk 	
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all 
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk 
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all 
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]un sh	
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 is not shutdown.

LSW1的配置：

[Huawei]sysname RSW1
[RSW1]vlan batch 10 20 100
[RSW1]int g0/0/2
[RSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk 
[RSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all 
[RSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 is not shutdown.
[RSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/1
[RSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[RSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 100
[RSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[RSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dis this
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 100
#
return
[RSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[RSW1]int vlanif10
[RSW1-Vlanif10]ip add 192.168.10.10 24	
[RSW1-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.10.1
[RSW1-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 priority 120
[RSW1-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 track interface g0/0/1
[RSW1-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 track interface g0/0/2
[RSW1-Vlanif10]dis this
#
interface Vlanif10
 ip address 192.168.10.10 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.10.1
 vrrp vrid 1 priority 120
 vrrp vrid 1 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 vrrp vrid 1 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
#
return
[RSW1-Vlanif10]int vlanif 20
[RSW1-Vlanif20]ip add 192.168.20.10 24
[RSW1-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 192.168.20.1
[RSW1-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 priority 115
[RSW1-Vlanif20]q
[RSW1]int vlanif 100
[RSW1-Vlanif100]ip add 11.0.0.2 30
[RSW1-Vlanif100]q
[RSW1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11.0.0.1

LSW2的配置：

<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sysname RSW2	
[RSW2]vlan batch 10 20 100
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[RSW2]int g0/0/2
[RSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[RSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[RSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 is not shutdown.
[RSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/1
[RSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[RSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 100
[RSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[RSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int vlanif 10
[RSW2-Vlanif10]ip add 192.168.10.20 24
[RSW2-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.10.1
[RSW2-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 priority 115
[RSW2-Vlanif10]int vlanif 20
[RSW2-Vlanif20]ip add 192.168.20.20 24
[RSW2-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 192.168.20.1
[RSW2-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 priority 120
[RSW2-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 track interface g0/0/1
[RSW2-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 track interface g0/0/2
[RSW2-Vlanif20]q
[RSW2]int vlanif 100
[RSW2-Vlanif100]ip add 12.0.0.2 30
[RSW2-Vlanif100]q	
[RSW2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.0.0.1

路由器R1的配置：

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R1
[R1]int g 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 11.0.0.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh 
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is not shutdown.
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 12.0.0.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh 
Info: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 is not shutdown.
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int loo 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 24
[R1-LoopBack0]q
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.10.0 24 11.0.0.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.10.0 24 12.0.0.2 preference 70
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.20.0 24 12.0.0.2 
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.20.0 24 11.0.0.2 preference 70

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