d3color对颜色进行操作,比如
根据名字设置颜色,steelblue
var c = d3.color("steelblue"); // {r: 70, g: 130, b: 180, opacity: 1}
转化为hsl格式
var c = d3.hsl("steelblue"); // {h: 207.27…, s: 0.44, l: 0.4902…, opacity: 1}
还可以旋转色调,(旋转的意思就是改变色调的颜色,因为hsl模型是个锥形),增加一点对比度,然后将改颜色转化为字符串(rgb)
c.h += 90;
c.s += 0.2;
c + ""; // rgb(198, 45, 205)
稍微的淡化颜色,改变透明度
c.opacity = 0.8;
c + ""; // rgba(198, 45, 205, 0.8)
当然除了机器比较喜欢的颜色模型rgb和hsl,d3color同样支持对人友好的两个颜色模型
对于其他传统的颜色空间:
可以解析CSS3字符串转化为rgb或者hsl,输入不合法返回null。
rgb(255, 255, 255)
rgb(10%, 20%, 30%)
rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4)
rgba(10%, 20%, 30%, 0.4)
hsl(120, 50%, 20%)
hsla(120, 50%, 20%, 0.4)
#ffeeaa
#fea
steelblue
可以与instanceof来测试该实例是否为颜色实例。
设置透明度
返回rgb颜色
返回一个更亮的颜色拷贝,可选参数k控制亮度,默认为0.
同理返回一个暗的拷贝。
返回真如果该颜色不可见,即rgb都小于255,或者透明底不在[0,1]范围内
返回RGB空间16进制字符串,如果可不现实,转化为可显示的,例如大于255转化为255.
返回rgb(x,x,x)的字符串表示
构建一个rgb空间的颜色实例
构建一个hsl空间的颜色实例
lab空间
lab空间的a=b=0
hcl颜色空间,lch知识改变了参数顺序。
define.js
export default function(constructor, factory, prototype) {
constructor.prototype = factory.prototype = prototype;
prototype.constructor = constructor;//define的一个构造函数,这里将看不懂?
}
export function extend(parent, definition) {
var prototype = Object.create(parent.prototype);
for (var key in definition) prototype[key] = definition[key];
return prototype;
}
colorjs中利用defined定义了2个对象rgb和hsl,对Rgb和rgb区别我还没搞懂
color.js
import define, {extend} from "./define";
export function Color() {}
export var darker = 0.7;//默认变亮和变暗参数
export var brighter = 1 / darker;
//这是一些正则表达式,用来匹配颜色字符串
var reI = "\\s*([+-]?\\d+)\\s*",
reN = "\\s*([+-]?\\d*\\.?\\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\\d+)?)\\s*",
reP = "\\s*([+-]?\\d*\\.?\\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\\d+)?)%\\s*",
reHex3 = /^#([0-9a-f]{3})$/,
reHex6 = /^#([0-9a-f]{6})$/,
reRgbInteger = new RegExp("^rgb\\(" + [reI, reI, reI] + "\\)$"),
reRgbPercent = new RegExp("^rgb\\(" + [reP, reP, reP] + "\\)$"),
reRgbaInteger = new RegExp("^rgba\\(" + [reI, reI, reI, reN] + "\\)$"),
reRgbaPercent = new RegExp("^rgba\\(" + [reP, reP, reP, reN] + "\\)$"),
reHslPercent = new RegExp("^hsl\\(" + [reN, reP, reP] + "\\)$"),
reHslaPercent = new RegExp("^hsla\\(" + [reN, reP, reP, reN] + "\\)$");
var named = {
aliceblue: 0xf0f8ff,
antiquewhite: 0xfaebd7,
aqua: 0x00ffff,
aquamarine: 0x7fffd4,
azure: 0xf0ffff,
beige: 0xf5f5dc,
bisque: 0xffe4c4,
black: 0x000000,
blanchedalmond: 0xffebcd,
blue: 0x0000ff,
blueviolet: 0x8a2be2,
brown: 0xa52a2a,
burlywood: 0xdeb887,
cadetblue: 0x5f9ea0,
chartreuse: 0x7fff00,
chocolate: 0xd2691e,
coral: 0xff7f50,
cornflowerblue: 0x6495ed,
cornsilk: 0xfff8dc,
crimson: 0xdc143c,
cyan: 0x00ffff,
darkblue: 0x00008b,
darkcyan: 0x008b8b,
darkgoldenrod: 0xb8860b,
darkgray: 0xa9a9a9,
darkgreen: 0x006400,
darkgrey: 0xa9a9a9,
darkkhaki: 0xbdb76b,
darkmagenta: 0x8b008b,
darkolivegreen: 0x556b2f,
darkorange: 0xff8c00,
darkorchid: 0x9932cc,
darkred: 0x8b0000,
darksalmon: 0xe9967a,
darkseagreen: 0x8fbc8f,
darkslateblue: 0x483d8b,
darkslategray: 0x2f4f4f,
darkslategrey: 0x2f4f4f,
darkturquoise: 0x00ced1,
darkviolet: 0x9400d3,
deeppink: 0xff1493,
deepskyblue: 0x00bfff,
dimgray: 0x696969,
dimgrey: 0x696969,
dodgerblue: 0x1e90ff,
firebrick: 0xb22222,
floralwhite: 0xfffaf0,
forestgreen: 0x228b22,
fuchsia: 0xff00ff,
gainsboro: 0xdcdcdc,
ghostwhite: 0xf8f8ff,
gold: 0xffd700,
goldenrod: 0xdaa520,
gray: 0x808080,
green: 0x008000,
greenyellow: 0xadff2f,
grey: 0x808080,
honeydew: 0xf0fff0,
hotpink: 0xff69b4,
indianred: 0xcd5c5c,
indigo: 0x4b0082,
ivory: 0xfffff0,
khaki: 0xf0e68c,
lavender: 0xe6e6fa,
lavenderblush: 0xfff0f5,
lawngreen: 0x7cfc00,
lemonchiffon: 0xfffacd,
lightblue: 0xadd8e6,
lightcoral: 0xf08080,
lightcyan: 0xe0ffff,
lightgoldenrodyellow: 0xfafad2,
lightgray: 0xd3d3d3,
lightgreen: 0x90ee90,
lightgrey: 0xd3d3d3,
lightpink: 0xffb6c1,
lightsalmon: 0xffa07a,
lightseagreen: 0x20b2aa,
lightskyblue: 0x87cefa,
lightslategray: 0x778899,
lightslategrey: 0x778899,
lightsteelblue: 0xb0c4de,
lightyellow: 0xffffe0,
lime: 0x00ff00,
limegreen: 0x32cd32,
linen: 0xfaf0e6,
magenta: 0xff00ff,
maroon: 0x800000,
mediumaquamarine: 0x66cdaa,
mediumblue: 0x0000cd,
mediumorchid: 0xba55d3,
mediumpurple: 0x9370db,
mediumseagreen: 0x3cb371,
mediumslateblue: 0x7b68ee,
mediumspringgreen: 0x00fa9a,
mediumturquoise: 0x48d1cc,
mediumvioletred: 0xc71585,
midnightblue: 0x191970,
mintcream: 0xf5fffa,
mistyrose: 0xffe4e1,
moccasin: 0xffe4b5,
navajowhite: 0xffdead,
navy: 0x000080,
oldlace: 0xfdf5e6,
olive: 0x808000,
olivedrab: 0x6b8e23,
orange: 0xffa500,
orangered: 0xff4500,
orchid: 0xda70d6,
palegoldenrod: 0xeee8aa,
palegreen: 0x98fb98,
paleturquoise: 0xafeeee,
palevioletred: 0xdb7093,
papayawhip: 0xffefd5,
peachpuff: 0xffdab9,
peru: 0xcd853f,
pink: 0xffc0cb,
plum: 0xdda0dd,
powderblue: 0xb0e0e6,
purple: 0x800080,
rebeccapurple: 0x663399,
red: 0xff0000,
rosybrown: 0xbc8f8f,
royalblue: 0x4169e1,
saddlebrown: 0x8b4513,
salmon: 0xfa8072,
sandybrown: 0xf4a460,
seagreen: 0x2e8b57,
seashell: 0xfff5ee,
sienna: 0xa0522d,
silver: 0xc0c0c0,
skyblue: 0x87ceeb,
slateblue: 0x6a5acd,
slategray: 0x708090,
slategrey: 0x708090,
snow: 0xfffafa,
springgreen: 0x00ff7f,
steelblue: 0x4682b4,
tan: 0xd2b48c,
teal: 0x008080,
thistle: 0xd8bfd8,
tomato: 0xff6347,
turquoise: 0x40e0d0,
violet: 0xee82ee,
wheat: 0xf5deb3,
white: 0xffffff,
whitesmoke: 0xf5f5f5,
yellow: 0xffff00,
yellowgreen: 0x9acd32
};
define(Color, color, {
displayable: function() {
return this.rgb().displayable();
},
hex: function() {
return this.rgb().hex();
},
toString: function() {
return this.rgb() + "";
}
});
export default function color(format) {
var m;
format = (format + "").trim().toLowerCase();//trim()从字符串移除前导空格,尾随空格,行终止符
return (m = reHex3.exec(format)) ? (m = parseInt(m[1], 16), new Rgb((m >> 8 & 0xf) | (m >> 4 & 0x0f0), (m >> 4 & 0xf) | (m & 0xf0), ((m & 0xf) << 4) | (m & 0xf), 1)) // #f00
: (m = reHex6.exec(format)) ? rgbn(parseInt(m[1], 16)) // #ff0000
: (m = reRgbInteger.exec(format)) ? new Rgb(m[1], m[2], m[3], 1) // rgb(255, 0, 0)
: (m = reRgbPercent.exec(format)) ? new Rgb(m[1] * 255 / 100, m[2] * 255 / 100, m[3] * 255 / 100, 1) // rgb(100%, 0%, 0%)
: (m = reRgbaInteger.exec(format)) ? rgba(m[1], m[2], m[3], m[4]) // rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)
: (m = reRgbaPercent.exec(format)) ? rgba(m[1] * 255 / 100, m[2] * 255 / 100, m[3] * 255 / 100, m[4]) // rgb(100%, 0%, 0%, 1)
: (m = reHslPercent.exec(format)) ? hsla(m[1], m[2] / 100, m[3] / 100, 1) // hsl(120, 50%, 50%)
: (m = reHslaPercent.exec(format)) ? hsla(m[1], m[2] / 100, m[3] / 100, m[4]) // hsla(120, 50%, 50%, 1)
: named.hasOwnProperty(format) ? rgbn(named[format])
: format === "transparent" ? new Rgb(NaN, NaN, NaN, 0)
: null;
//利用:?表达式,返回匹配到的颜色字符串
}
function rgbn(n) {
return new Rgb(n >> 16 & 0xff, n >> 8 & 0xff, n & 0xff, 1);//利用二进制右
}
function rgba(r, g, b, a) {
if (a <= 0) r = g = b = NaN;
return new Rgb(r, g, b, a);
}
export function rgbConvert(o) {
if (!(o instanceof Color)) o = color(o);
if (!o) return new Rgb;
o = o.rgb();
return new Rgb(o.r, o.g, o.b, o.opacity);
}
export function rgb(r, g, b, opacity) {
return arguments.length === 1 ? rgbConvert(r) : new Rgb(r, g, b, opacity == null ? 1 : opacity);
}
export function Rgb(r, g, b, opacity) {
this.r = +r;
this.g = +g;
this.b = +b;
this.opacity = +opacity;
}
define(Rgb, rgb, extend(Color, {
brighter: function(k) {
k = k == null ? brighter : Math.pow(brighter, k);
return new Rgb(this.r * k, this.g * k, this.b * k, this.opacity);
},
darker: function(k) {
k = k == null ? darker : Math.pow(darker, k);
return new Rgb(this.r * k, this.g * k, this.b * k, this.opacity);
},
rgb: function() {
return this;
},
displayable: function() {
return (0 <= this.r && this.r <= 255)
&& (0 <= this.g && this.g <= 255)
&& (0 <= this.b && this.b <= 255)
&& (0 <= this.opacity && this.opacity <= 1);
},
hex: function() {
return "#" + hex(this.r) + hex(this.g) + hex(this.b);
},
toString: function() {
var a = this.opacity; a = isNaN(a) ? 1 : Math.max(0, Math.min(1, a));
return (a === 1 ? "rgb(" : "rgba(")
+ Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(this.r) || 0)) + ", "
+ Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(this.g) || 0)) + ", "
+ Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(this.b) || 0))
+ (a === 1 ? ")" : ", " + a + ")");
}
}));
function hex(value) {
value = Math.max(0, Math.min(255, Math.round(value) || 0));
return (value < 16 ? "0" : "") + value.toString(16);
}
function hsla(h, s, l, a) {
if (a <= 0) h = s = l = NaN;
else if (l <= 0 || l >= 1) h = s = NaN;
else if (s <= 0) h = NaN;
return new Hsl(h, s, l, a);
}
export function hslConvert(o) {
if (o instanceof Hsl) return new Hsl(o.h, o.s, o.l, o.opacity);
if (!(o instanceof Color)) o = color(o);
if (!o) return new Hsl;
if (o instanceof Hsl) return o;
o = o.rgb();
var r = o.r / 255,
g = o.g / 255,
b = o.b / 255,
min = Math.min(r, g, b),
max = Math.max(r, g, b),
h = NaN,
s = max - min,
l = (max + min) / 2;
if (s) {
if (r === max) h = (g - b) / s + (g < b) * 6;
else if (g === max) h = (b - r) / s + 2;
else h = (r - g) / s + 4;
s /= l < 0.5 ? max + min : 2 - max - min;
h *= 60;
} else {
s = l > 0 && l < 1 ? 0 : h;
}
return new Hsl(h, s, l, o.opacity);
}
export function hsl(h, s, l, opacity) {
return arguments.length === 1 ? hslConvert(h) : new Hsl(h, s, l, opacity == null ? 1 : opacity);
}
function Hsl(h, s, l, opacity) {
this.h = +h;
this.s = +s;
this.l = +l;
this.opacity = +opacity;
}
define(Hsl, hsl, extend(Color, {
brighter: function(k) {
k = k == null ? brighter : Math.pow(brighter, k);
return new Hsl(this.h, this.s, this.l * k, this.opacity);
},
darker: function(k) {
k = k == null ? darker : Math.pow(darker, k);
return new Hsl(this.h, this.s, this.l * k, this.opacity);
},
rgb: function() {
var h = this.h % 360 + (this.h < 0) * 360,
s = isNaN(h) || isNaN(this.s) ? 0 : this.s,
l = this.l,
m2 = l + (l < 0.5 ? l : 1 - l) * s,
m1 = 2 * l - m2;
return new Rgb(
hsl2rgb(h >= 240 ? h - 240 : h + 120, m1, m2),
hsl2rgb(h, m1, m2),
hsl2rgb(h < 120 ? h + 240 : h - 120, m1, m2),
this.opacity
);
},
displayable: function() {
return (0 <= this.s && this.s <= 1 || isNaN(this.s))
&& (0 <= this.l && this.l <= 1)
&& (0 <= this.opacity && this.opacity <= 1);
}
}));
/* From FvD 13.37, CSS Color Module Level 3 */
function hsl2rgb(h, m1, m2) {
return (h < 60 ? m1 + (m2 - m1) * h / 60
: h < 180 ? m2
: h < 240 ? m1 + (m2 - m1) * (240 - h) / 60
: m1) * 255;
}