在 Win7 建立实验用 local Bitcoin network

在 Win7 建立实验用 local Bitcoin network

作者:陳兆麟 Email:[email protected]

要搞懂 IBM [区块链] (blockchain)的工作原理不容易,可先由资源较多的比特币交易 (使用区块链技术的金融交易系统)切入,请阅读参考文献;看完后若是一片模糊,可自行动手做一遍 [比特币交易] 实验版 [参考文献1],观念就会更加清楚;以下范例user可在Win7安装 docker后执行;操作过程可用来检验理论叙述,就可避免观念混淆。

開發環境:Win7 (64 bit) ,Docker Toolbox,blockchain,Bitcoin

1.参考附录 (1) 在 Win7安装 Docker Toolbox.

(Win 10 可直接安装 Docker 请参考附录2 )

2.桌面点选 (Docker Quickstart Terminal) 名稱

$ docker-machine env default

export DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY=”1”
export DOCKER_HOST=”tcp://192.168.99.100:2376”
export DOCKER_CERT_PATH=”C:\Users\slim1.docker\machine\machines\default”
export DOCKER_MACHINE_NAME=”default”

eval (“C:\Program Files\Docker Toolbox\docker-machine.exe” env default)

$ docker-machine ls (确定虚拟机已经启动)

NAME ACTIVE DRIVER STATE URL SWARM DOCKER ERRORS
default * virtualbox Running tcp://192.168.99.100:2376 v1.10.3

3.使用 putty (见附录 3)登录虚拟机器(ip:192.168.99.100 username=docker password=tcuser)

4.匯入測試源碼

$cd /home/docker

$git clone https://github.com/gak/docker-bitcoin-regtest (regtest network)

$cd /home/docker/docker-bitcoin-regtest

$docker build -t gak/bitcoin-regtest bitcoin-regtest (建立Bitcoin docker image)

$docker run -t -p 18444:18444 -p 18332:18332 --name=alice --hostname=alice -i gak/bitcoin-regtest bash (启动 container alice并进入 shell)

root@alice:/#

5. 再使用 putty 开启另一终端机

$docker run -t -p 19444:18444 -p 19332:18332 --name=bob --hostname=bob gak/bitcoin-regtest bash (启动 container alice并进入 shell)

root@bob:/#exit

6. $docker ps (显示目前正在执行的container)

若 container 停止执行,可重新启动 bob container

$docker start bob

$docker exec -it bob bash (重新进入 container bob shell (同 alice)

root@bob:/

7.以下指令显示 bob & alice 2者电子钱包初始余额皆为 0

root@bob:/#bitcoind -regtest -daemon –printtoconsole & (启动 bitcoind 常驻程序)

root@bob:/# bitcoin-cli -regtest getbalance (显示 alice电子钱包目前余额)

0.00000000

root@alice:/#bitcoind -regtest -daemon –printtoconsole & (启动 bitcoind 常驻程序)

root@alice:/# bitcoin-cli -regtest getbalance (显示 bob电子钱包目前余额)

0.0000000

8. 以下指令显示regtest Network #### root@alice:/#bitcoin-cli -regtest getinfo (并无 mined block)

2016-09-05 07:27:41 keypool added key 102, size=101
2016-09-05 07:27:41 keypool reserve 2
2016-09-05 07:27:41 keypool return 2
{
“version”: 120100,
“protocolversion”: 70012,
“walletversion”: 60000,
“balance”: 0.00000000,
“blocks”: 0,
“timeoffset”: 0,
“connections”: 0,
“proxy”: “”,
“difficulty”: 4.656542373906925e-10,
“testnet”: false,
“keypoololdest”: 1473032836,
“keypoolsize”: 101,
“paytxfee”: 0.00000000,
“relayfee”: 0.00001000,
“errors”: “”
}

root@alice:/# bitcoin-cli -regtest getpeerinfo (alice并无连结记录)

[
]

9. 指令getblockhash index 返回 genesis index 区块的hash值

root@alice:/# bitcoin-cli -regtest getblockhash 0

0f9188f13cb7b2c71f2a335e3a4fc328bf5beb436012afca590b1a11466e2206

root@alice:/#ip add (取得 alice ip)

inet 172.17.0.2/16 scope global eth0

root@bob:/# ip add (取得 bob ip)

inet 172.17.0.3/16 scope global eth0

10. bob 使用 alice ip 连结 alice

root@bob:/# bitcoin-cli -regtest addnode 172.17.0.2 onetry

2016-09-05 00:12:32 receive version message: /Satoshi:0.12.1/: version 70012, blocks=0, us=0.0.0.0:0, peer=1

11. 以下指令显示 bob 已被 alice 连结

root@alice:/# bitcoin-cli -regtest getpeerinfo

[
{
“id”: 3,
“addr”: “172.17.0.3:38466”,
“services”: “0000000000000005”,
“relaytxes”: true,
“lastsend”: 1473034352,
“lastrecv”: 1473034352,
“bytessent”: 331,
“bytesrecv”: 355,
“conntime”: 1473034352,
“timeoffset”: 0,
“pingtime”: 0.054053,
“minping”: 0.054053,
“version”: 70012,
“subver”: “/Satoshi:0.12.1/”,
“inbound”: true,
“startingheight”: 0,
“banscore”: 0,
“synced_headers”: -1,
“synced_blocks”: -1,
“inflight”: [
],
“whitelisted”: false
}
]

12. 挖矿是获得比特币的一种方法,本例的Bitcoin network 有 2 nodes (alice , blob),使用 generate 指令仿真挖矿 (建立 mined blocks), blocks 数目到达一定值将获得奖励,例如取得 100 mined blocks,会得到 50 coin 的奖励 (实验用):

root@alice:/# bitcoin-cli -regtest generate 101 (使 alice 可取得101 mined block)

root@alice:/# bitcoin-cli -regtest getbalance (验证alice已取得50 coins奖励)

50.00000000

13. 以下指令bob将取得新地址以便 alice 送来 coins

root@bob:/# bitcoin-cli -regtest getnewaddress

2016-09-05 00:31:28 keypool added key 102, size=101
2016-09-05 00:31:28 keypool reserve 2
2016-09-05 00:31:28 keypool keep 2
n1XoQ2CWjmNrTJjQE2LyniB6SSsys63bvq (新产生的地址,模拟公钥)

14.alice 使用 bob 的新地址,送出 42 coins 给 bob

root@alice:/#bitcoin-cli -regtest sendtoaddress n1XoQ2CWjmNrTJjQE2LyniB6SSsys63bvq 42

root@alice:/# bitcoin-cli -regtest getbalance (alice 钱包目前余额)

7.99996160

root@bob:/# bitcoin-cli -regtest getbalance (bob 尚未收到 alice 送来的 42 coins)

0.00000000

//alice 还必须再获得另 6 confirmation,以下指令将仿真产生 6 confirmation

$bitcoin-cli -regtest generate 6

15.验证 bob 已收到 42 coins

root@bob:/# bitcoin-cli -regtest getbalance

42.00000000

16. 由以上步骤可得知比特币交易的基本原则,可比较 hyperledger (超级账本) local blockchain network 之建立程序

https://github.com/hyperledger/fabric/blob/master/docs/Setup/Network-setup.md

附錄

1.Win7 安装Docker Toolbox:
https://www.docker.com/products/docker-toolbox
http://knight-.iteye.com/blog/2254627
http://rominirani.com/2015/08/15/docker-toolbox-setup-windows/
https://getcarina.com/docs/troubleshooting/troubleshooting-windows-docker-vm-startup/
http://dockone.io/article/594
2.Win 10 安装Docker
http://blog.miniasp.com/post/2016/08/01/Docker-for-Windows-1-12-Released.aspx
3.putty安装及使用:
http://www.ascc.sinica.edu.tw/putty

參考文獻:

1.https://geraldkaszuba.com/creating-your-own-experimental-bitcoin-network/
2.https://bitcoin.org/en/how-it-works
3.https://bitcoin.org/zh_TW/how-it-works
4.https://kknews.cc/finance/28v96r.html
5.https://bitcoin.org/zh_TW/resources
6.https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-examples#regtest-mode
7.http://pansci.asia/archives/53571
8.http://scimonth.blogspot.tw/2014/01/blog-post_803.html
9.http://8btc.com/article-1785-1.html
10.http://zl.yibite.com/course/2014/1013/23993.shtml
11.https://bitcoin.org/zh_TW/faq#what-is-bitcoin
12.https://github.com/hyperledger/fabric/blob/master/docs/Setup/Network-setup.md
13.http://www.techbang.com/posts/16426-dig-rob-super-ramming-bitcoin-first-pot-of-gold-dictionary-of-secretly-reported-71-cheat-cheat-in-january
14.https://1drv.ms/f/s!AkBmzWP0h-Vxbr7h1uTNsTMcPWI
15.https://1drv.ms/b/s!AkBmzWP0h-VxazOBOsVz8nGMLpM
16.https://1drv.ms/b/s!AkBmzWP0h-VxbLK7FOjH9IL5HHc
17.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=24JAF9Eu1mk&list=UUOTZe-b_jE_Ovy9K9UhZ4BA&index=74
18.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wSmJ-rwUo8I&list=UUOTZe-b_jE_Ovy9K9UhZ4BA&index=73
19.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SOsn6MvGH60&list=UUOTZe-b_jE_Ovy9K9UhZ4BA&index=72