【python】笔记

配国内镜像 

pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple xxx

conda配国内镜像:

conda install -c https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/ xxx

除了用命令行方式指定,也可以写到condarc配置文件中:

  1.添加清华或其他的国内镜像源
    conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/msys2/
    conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/
    conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/


    conda config --set show_channel_urls yes

    找到配置文件.condarc的路径 ,将上述显示的配置信息中-defaults所在行删除保存即可

    注:默认config文件在~/.condarc
  2. 查看源:conda config --show channels
  3. 换回默认源:conda config --remove-key channels

 

Assert

断言

用法:assert 表达式 [, 参数]

当表达式为真时,程序继续执行;当表达式为假时,抛出AssertionError错误。

x = 5
assert x==4, 'x is 5' 

Output:
AssertionError: x is 5
View Code

 

画图篇

混淆矩阵

画混淆矩阵,y_real和y_pred都是数组[0,2,1,3,...]这种格式

import seaborn as sns
from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

sns.set()
f,ax=plt.subplots(figsize = (12, 10))
C2= confusion_matrix(y_real, y_pred, labels=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10])

sns.heatmap(C2,annot=True,ax=ax) #画热力图

ax.set_title('confusion matrix') #标题
ax.set_xlabel('predict') #x轴
ax.set_ylabel('true') #y轴
View Code

还可以在heatmap括号中加 , linewidth=.5 , cmap='YlGnBu' 等参数项

 

matplotlib颜色对照表

【python】笔记_第1张图片

 

 

 tableau的使用时记得带上 tab, e.g. "tab:color_name"

CSS colors

【python】笔记_第2张图片

 色号对应:

  1 cnames = {
  2 'aliceblue':            '#F0F8FF',
  3 'antiquewhite':         '#FAEBD7',
  4 'aqua':                 '#00FFFF',
  5 'aquamarine':           '#7FFFD4',
  6 'azure':                '#F0FFFF',
  7 'beige':                '#F5F5DC',
  8 'bisque':               '#FFE4C4',
  9 'black':                '#000000',
 10 'blanchedalmond':       '#FFEBCD',
 11 'blue':                 '#0000FF',
 12 'blueviolet':           '#8A2BE2',
 13 'brown':                '#A52A2A',
 14 'burlywood':            '#DEB887',
 15 'cadetblue':            '#5F9EA0',
 16 'chartreuse':           '#7FFF00',
 17 'chocolate':            '#D2691E',
 18 'coral':                '#FF7F50',
 19 'cornflowerblue':       '#6495ED',
 20 'cornsilk':             '#FFF8DC',
 21 'crimson':              '#DC143C',
 22 'cyan':                 '#00FFFF',
 23 'darkblue':             '#00008B',
 24 'darkcyan':             '#008B8B',
 25 'darkgoldenrod':        '#B8860B',
 26 'darkgray':             '#A9A9A9',
 27 'darkgreen':            '#006400',
 28 'darkkhaki':            '#BDB76B',
 29 'darkmagenta':          '#8B008B',
 30 'darkolivegreen':       '#556B2F',
 31 'darkorange':           '#FF8C00',
 32 'darkorchid':           '#9932CC',
 33 'darkred':              '#8B0000',
 34 'darksalmon':           '#E9967A',
 35 'darkseagreen':         '#8FBC8F',
 36 'darkslateblue':        '#483D8B',
 37 'darkslategray':        '#2F4F4F',
 38 'darkturquoise':        '#00CED1',
 39 'darkviolet':           '#9400D3',
 40 'deeppink':             '#FF1493',
 41 'deepskyblue':          '#00BFFF',
 42 'dimgray':              '#696969',
 43 'dodgerblue':           '#1E90FF',
 44 'firebrick':            '#B22222',
 45 'floralwhite':          '#FFFAF0',
 46 'forestgreen':          '#228B22',
 47 'fuchsia':              '#FF00FF',
 48 'gainsboro':            '#DCDCDC',
 49 'ghostwhite':           '#F8F8FF',
 50 'gold':                 '#FFD700',
 51 'goldenrod':            '#DAA520',
 52 'gray':                 '#808080',
 53 'green':                '#008000',
 54 'greenyellow':          '#ADFF2F',
 55 'honeydew':             '#F0FFF0',
 56 'hotpink':              '#FF69B4',
 57 'indianred':            '#CD5C5C',
 58 'indigo':               '#4B0082',
 59 'ivory':                '#FFFFF0',
 60 'khaki':                '#F0E68C',
 61 'lavender':             '#E6E6FA',
 62 'lavenderblush':        '#FFF0F5',
 63 'lawngreen':            '#7CFC00',
 64 'lemonchiffon':         '#FFFACD',
 65 'lightblue':            '#ADD8E6',
 66 'lightcoral':           '#F08080',
 67 'lightcyan':            '#E0FFFF',
 68 'lightgoldenrodyellow': '#FAFAD2',
 69 'lightgreen':           '#90EE90',
 70 'lightgray':            '#D3D3D3',
 71 'lightpink':            '#FFB6C1',
 72 'lightsalmon':          '#FFA07A',
 73 'lightseagreen':        '#20B2AA',
 74 'lightskyblue':         '#87CEFA',
 75 'lightslategray':       '#778899',
 76 'lightsteelblue':       '#B0C4DE',
 77 'lightyellow':          '#FFFFE0',
 78 'lime':                 '#00FF00',
 79 'limegreen':            '#32CD32',
 80 'linen':                '#FAF0E6',
 81 'magenta':              '#FF00FF',
 82 'maroon':               '#800000',
 83 'mediumaquamarine':     '#66CDAA',
 84 'mediumblue':           '#0000CD',
 85 'mediumorchid':         '#BA55D3',
 86 'mediumpurple':         '#9370DB',
 87 'mediumseagreen':       '#3CB371',
 88 'mediumslateblue':      '#7B68EE',
 89 'mediumspringgreen':    '#00FA9A',
 90 'mediumturquoise':      '#48D1CC',
 91 'mediumvioletred':      '#C71585',
 92 'midnightblue':         '#191970',
 93 'mintcream':            '#F5FFFA',
 94 'mistyrose':            '#FFE4E1',
 95 'moccasin':             '#FFE4B5',
 96 'navajowhite':          '#FFDEAD',
 97 'navy':                 '#000080',
 98 'oldlace':              '#FDF5E6',
 99 'olive':                '#808000',
100 'olivedrab':            '#6B8E23',
101 'orange':               '#FFA500',
102 'orangered':            '#FF4500',
103 'orchid':               '#DA70D6',
104 'palegoldenrod':        '#EEE8AA',
105 'palegreen':            '#98FB98',
106 'paleturquoise':        '#AFEEEE',
107 'palevioletred':        '#DB7093',
108 'papayawhip':           '#FFEFD5',
109 'peachpuff':            '#FFDAB9',
110 'peru':                 '#CD853F',
111 'pink':                 '#FFC0CB',
112 'plum':                 '#DDA0DD',
113 'powderblue':           '#B0E0E6',
114 'purple':               '#800080',
115 'red':                  '#FF0000',
116 'rosybrown':            '#BC8F8F',
117 'royalblue':            '#4169E1',
118 'saddlebrown':          '#8B4513',
119 'salmon':               '#FA8072',
120 'sandybrown':           '#FAA460',
121 'seagreen':             '#2E8B57',
122 'seashell':             '#FFF5EE',
123 'sienna':               '#A0522D',
124 'silver':               '#C0C0C0',
125 'skyblue':              '#87CEEB',
126 'slateblue':            '#6A5ACD',
127 'slategray':            '#708090',
128 'snow':                 '#FFFAFA',
129 'springgreen':          '#00FF7F',
130 'steelblue':            '#4682B4',
131 'tan':                  '#D2B48C',
132 'teal':                 '#008080',
133 'thistle':              '#D8BFD8',
134 'tomato':               '#FF6347',
135 'turquoise':            '#40E0D0',
136 'violet':               '#EE82EE',
137 'wheat':                '#F5DEB3',
138 'white':                '#FFFFFF',
139 'whitesmoke':           '#F5F5F5',
140 'yellow':               '#FFFF00',
141 'yellowgreen':          '#9ACD32'}
color names

line style:

1 '-'       solid line style
2 '--'      dashed line style
3 '-.'      dash-dot line style
4 ':'       dotted line style
line style

marker:

 1 '.'       point marker
 2 ','       pixel marker
 3 'o'       circle marker
 4 'v'       triangle_down marker
 5 '^'       triangle_up marker
 6 '<'       triangle_left marker
 7 '>'       triangle_right marker
 8 '1'       tri_down marker
 9 '2'       tri_up marker
10 '3'       tri_left marker
11 '4'       tri_right marker
12 's'       square marker
13 'p'       pentagon marker
14 '*'       star marker
15 'h'       hexagon1 marker
16 'H'       hexagon2 marker
17 '+'       plus marker
18 'x'       x marker
19 'D'       diamond marker
20 'd'       thin_diamond marker
21 '|'       vline marker
22 '_'       hline marker
marker

 

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