django中配置和使用redis缓存 - django-redis

一、自定义连接池
这种方式跟普通py文件操作redis一样,代码如下:
views.py

import redis
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from utils.redis_pool import POOL

def index(request):
    conn = redis.Redis(connection_pool=POOL)
    conn.hset('name','MrSmith',18)

    return HttpResponse('设置成功')
def order(request):
    conn = redis.Redis(connection_pool=POOL)
    conn.hget('name','MrSmith')

    return HttpResponse('获取成功')

二、第三方组件操作redis
1、安装

pip install django-redis

2、settings.py 配置

# redis配置
CACHES = {
    "default": {
        "BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
        "LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379",
        "OPTIONS": {
            "CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
            "CONNECTION_POOL_KWARGS": {"max_connections": 100}
            # "PASSWORD": "密码",
        }
    }
}
REDIS_TIMEOUT=7*24*60*60
CUBES_REDIS_TIMEOUT=60*60
NEVER_REDIS_TIMEOUT=365*24*60*60

3、使用(views.py)

import redis
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from django_redis import get_redis_connection

def index(request):
    conn = get_redis_connection("default")
    return HttpResponse('设置成功')

def order(request):
    conn = get_redis_connection("default")
    return HttpResponse('获取成功')

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from django.conf import settings
from django.core.cache import cache
import json

class OrderView(APIView):
    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        # conn = get_redis_connection('default')
        cache.set('a','b')
        print(cache.get('a'))
        return Response('..')

#read cache user id
def read_from_cache(self, user_name):
    key = 'user_id_of_'+user_name
    value = cache.get(key)
    if value == None:
        data = None
    else:
        data = json.loads(value)
    return data

#write cache user id
def write_to_cache(self, user_name):
    key = 'user_id_of_'+user_name
    cache.set(key, json.dumps(user_name), settings.NEVER_REDIS_TIMEOUT)

三、全站缓存
使用中间件,经过一系列的认证等操作,如果内容在缓存中存在,则使用FetchFromCacheMiddleware获取内容并返回给用户,
当返回给用户之前,判断缓存中是否已经存在,如果不存在则UpdateCacheMiddleware会将缓存保存至缓存,从而实现全站缓存

1、settings.py中间件设置

MIDDLEWARE = [
        'django.middleware.cache.UpdateCacheMiddleware',
        # 其他中间件...
        'django.middleware.cache.FetchFromCacheMiddleware',
    ]

备注:一个放在最上面,一个放在最下面

2、使用(views.py)

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
import time

def index(request):
    ctime = str(time.time())
    return HttpResponse(ctime)

def order(request):
    ctime = str(time.time())
    return HttpResponse(ctime)

配置了全站缓存,在不同的时间(一定范围内),上面两个视图返回的时间是一样的,都是缓存时的时间

五、单独视图缓存
方式一:通过装饰器

from django.views.decorators.cache import cache_page

@cache_page(60 * 15)
def my_view(request):
    ...

方式二:通过url

from django.views.decorators.cache import cache_page

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^foo/([0-9]{1,2})/$', cache_page(60 * 15)(my_view)),
]

六、局部页面缓存
1、引入TemplateTag

{% load cache %}

2、使用缓存

{% cache 5000 缓存的key %}
       缓存内容
{% endcache %}

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