python3+PyQt5 创建网络应用-TCP客户端和TCP服务器
版权声明：本文为CSDN博主「basisworker」的原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xiaoyangyang20/article/details/70905452
本文通过python3+PyQt5实现《python Qt GUI快速编程》第18章的例子Building Services application。本例分别创建一个TCP客户端和TCP服务器，采用PyQt的QtNetwork模块，而不是Python标准库或Twisted网络引擎。
以下为TCP客户端的程序代码：
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import (QByteArray, QDataStream, QDate, QIODevice,
QRegExp, Qt)
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QDateEdit, QFrame, QGridLayout,
QHBoxLayout, QLabel, QLineEdit, QPushButton,
QWidget)
from PyQt5.QtGui import QRegExpValidator
from PyQt5.QtNetwork import (QTcpSocket,)
MAC = True
try:
from PyQt5.QtGui import qt_mac_set_native_menubar
except ImportError:
MAC = False
PORT = 9407
SIZEOF_UINT16 = 2
class BuildingServicesClient(QWidget):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(BuildingServicesClient, self).__init__(parent)
self.socket = QTcpSocket()
self.nextBlockSize = 0
self.request = None
roomLabel = QLabel("&Room")
self.roomEdit = QLineEdit()
roomLabel.setBuddy(self.roomEdit)
regex = QRegExp(r"[0-9](?:0[1-9]|[12][0-9]|3[0-4])")
self.roomEdit.setValidator(QRegExpValidator(regex, self))
self.roomEdit.setAlignment(Qt.AlignRight|Qt.AlignVCenter)
dateLabel = QLabel("&Date")
self.dateEdit = QDateEdit()
dateLabel.setBuddy(self.dateEdit)
self.dateEdit.setAlignment(Qt.AlignRight|Qt.AlignVCenter)
self.dateEdit.setDate(QDate.currentDate().addDays(1))
self.dateEdit.setDisplayFormat("yyyy-MM-dd")
responseLabel = QLabel("Response")
self.responseLabel = QLabel()
self.responseLabel.setFrameStyle(QFrame.StyledPanel|QFrame.Sunken)
self.bookButton = QPushButton("&Book")
self.bookButton.setEnabled(False)
self.unBookButton = QPushButton("&Unbook")
self.unBookButton.setEnabled(False)
self.bookingsOnDateButton = QPushButton("Bookings &on Date?")
self.bookingsForRoomButton = QPushButton("Bookings &for Room?")
self.bookingsForRoomButton.setEnabled(False)
quitButton = QPushButton("&Quit")
if not MAC:
self.bookButton.setFocusPolicy(Qt.NoFocus)
self.unBookButton.setFocusPolicy(Qt.NoFocus)
self.bookingsOnDateButton.setFocusPolicy(Qt.NoFocus)
self.bookingsForRoomButton.setFocusPolicy(Qt.NoFocus)
buttonLayout = QHBoxLayout()
buttonLayout.addWidget(self.bookButton)
buttonLayout.addWidget(self.unBookButton)
buttonLayout.addWidget(self.bookingsOnDateButton)
buttonLayout.addWidget(self.bookingsForRoomButton)
buttonLayout.addStretch()
buttonLayout.addWidget(quitButton)
layout = QGridLayout()
layout.addWidget(roomLabel, 0, 0)
layout.addWidget(self.roomEdit, 0, 1)
layout.addWidget(dateLabel, 0, 2)
layout.addWidget(self.dateEdit, 0, 3)
layout.addWidget(responseLabel, 1, 0)
layout.addWidget(self.responseLabel, 1, 1, 1, 3)
layout.addLayout(buttonLayout, 2, 0, 1, 5)
self.setLayout(layout)
self.socket.connected.connect(self.sendRequest)
self.socket.readyRead.connect(self.readResponse)
self.socket.disconnected.connect(self.serverHasStopped)
#self.connect(self.socket,
# SIGNAL("error(QAbstractSocket::SocketError)"),
# self.serverHasError)
self.socket.error.connect(self.serverHasError)
self.roomEdit.textEdited.connect(self.updateUi)
self.dateEdit.dateChanged.connect(self.updateUi)
self.bookButton.clicked.connect(self.book)
self.unBookButton.clicked.connect(self.unBook)
self.bookingsOnDateButton.clicked.connect(self.bookingsOnDate)
self.bookingsForRoomButton.clicked.connect(self.bookingsForRoom)
quitButton.clicked.connect(self.close)
self.setWindowTitle("Building Services")
def updateUi(self):
enabled = False
if (self.roomEdit.text() and
self.dateEdit.date() > QDate.currentDate()):
enabled = True
if self.request is not None:
enabled = False
self.bookButton.setEnabled(enabled)
self.unBookButton.setEnabled(enabled)
self.bookingsForRoomButton.setEnabled(enabled)
def closeEvent(self, event):
self.socket.close()
event.accept()
def book(self):
self.issueRequest("BOOK", self.roomEdit.text(),
self.dateEdit.date())
def unBook(self):
self.issueRequest("UNBOOK", self.roomEdit.text(),
self.dateEdit.date())
def bookingsOnDate(self):
self.issueRequest("BOOKINGSONDATE",
self.roomEdit.text(), self.dateEdit.date())
def bookingsForRoom(self):
self.issueRequest("BOOKINGSFORROOM",
self.roomEdit.text(), self.dateEdit.date())
def issueRequest(self, action, room, date):
self.request = QByteArray()
stream = QDataStream(self.request, QIODevice.WriteOnly)
stream.setVersion(QDataStream.Qt_5_7)
stream.writeUInt16(0)
stream.writeQString(action)
stream.writeQString(room)
stream << date
stream.device().seek(0)
stream.writeUInt16(self.request.size() - SIZEOF_UINT16)
self.updateUi()
if self.socket.isOpen():
self.socket.close()
self.responseLabel.setText("Connecting to server...")
self.socket.connectToHost("localhost", PORT)
def sendRequest(self):
self.responseLabel.setText("Sending request...")
self.nextBlockSize = 0
self.socket.write(self.request)
self.request = None
def readResponse(self):
stream = QDataStream(self.socket)
stream.setVersion(QDataStream.Qt_5_7)
while True:
if self.nextBlockSize == 0:
if self.socket.bytesAvailable() < SIZEOF_UINT16:
break
self.nextBlockSize = stream.readUInt16()
if self.socket.bytesAvailable() < self.nextBlockSize:
break
action = ""
room = ""
date = QDate()
action=stream.readQString()
room=stream.readQString()
if action == "BOOKINGSFORROOM":
dates = []
for x in range(stream.readInt32()):
stream >> date
dates.append(str(date.toString(Qt.ISODate)))
dates = ", ".join(dates)
if action not in ("BOOKINGSFORROOM", "ERROR"):
stream >> date
if action == "ERROR":
msg = "Error: {0}".format(room)
elif action == "BOOK":
msg = "Booked room {0} for {1}".format(room,date.toString(Qt.ISODate))
elif action == "UNBOOK":
msg = "Unbooked room {0} for {1}".format(room,date.toString(Qt.ISODate))
elif action == "BOOKINGSONDATE":
msg = "Rooms booked on {0}: {1}".format(date.toString(Qt.ISODate),room)
elif action == "BOOKINGSFORROOM":
msg = "Room {0} is booked on: {1}".format(room,dates)
self.responseLabel.setText(msg)
self.updateUi()
self.nextBlockSize = 0
def serverHasStopped(self):
self.responseLabel.setText("Error: Connection closed by server")
self.socket.close()
def serverHasError(self, error):
self.responseLabel.setText("Error: {0}".format(self.socket.errorString()))
self.socket.close()
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
form = BuildingServicesClient()
form.show()
app.exec_()
以下为TCP服务器端的程序代码：
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import bisect
import collections
import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import (QByteArray, QDataStream, QDate, QIODevice, Qt)
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QMessageBox, QPushButton)
from PyQt5.QtNetwork import (QHostAddress, QTcpServer, QTcpSocket)
PORT = 9407
SIZEOF_UINT16 = 2
MAX_BOOKINGS_PER_DAY = 5
# Key = date, value = list of room IDs
Bookings = collections.defaultdict(list)
def printBookings():
for key in sorted(Bookings):
print(key, Bookings[key])
print()
class Socket(QTcpSocket):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(Socket, self).__init__(parent)
self.readyRead.connect(self.readRequest)
self.disconnected.connect(self.deleteLater)
self.nextBlockSize = 0
def readRequest(self):
stream = QDataStream(self)
stream.setVersion(QDataStream.Qt_5_7)
#print(self.bytesAvailable())
if self.nextBlockSize == 0:
if self.bytesAvailable() < SIZEOF_UINT16:
return
self.nextBlockSize = stream.readUInt16()
#print(self.nextBlockSize)
if self.bytesAvailable() < self.nextBlockSize:
return
action = ""
room = ""
date = QDate()
action=stream.readQString()
if action in ("BOOK", "UNBOOK", "BOOKINGSONDATE",
"BOOKINGSFORROOM"):
room=stream.readQString()
stream >> date
bookings = Bookings.get(date.toPyDate())
uroom = str(room)
if action == "BOOK":
if bookings is None:
bookings = Bookings[date.toPyDate()]
if len(bookings) < MAX_BOOKINGS_PER_DAY:
if uroom in bookings:
self.sendError("Cannot accept duplicate booking")
else:
bisect.insort(bookings, uroom)
self.sendReply(action, room, date)
else:
self.sendError("{0} is fully booked".format(date.toString(Qt.ISODate)))
elif action == "UNBOOK":
if bookings is None or uroom not in bookings:
self.sendError("Cannot unbook nonexistent booking")
else:
bookings.remove(uroom)
self.sendReply(action, room, date)
elif action == "BOOKINGSONDATE":
bookings = Bookings.get(date.toPyDate())
if bookings is not None:
self.sendReply(action, ", ".join(bookings), date)
else:
self.sendError("there are no rooms booked on {0}".format(date.toString(Qt.ISODate)))
elif action == "BOOKINGSFORROOM":
dates = []
for date, bookings in Bookings.items():
if room in bookings:
dates.append(date)
if dates:
dates.sort()
reply = QByteArray()
stream = QDataStream(reply, QIODevice.WriteOnly)
stream.setVersion(QDataStream.Qt_5_7)
stream.writeUInt16(0)
stream.writeQString(action)
stream.writeQString(room)
stream.writeInt32(len(dates))
for date in dates:
stream << QDate(date)
stream.device().seek(0)
stream.writeUInt16(reply.size() - SIZEOF_UINT16)
self.write(reply)
else:
self.sendError("room %1 is not booked".format(room))
else:
self.sendError("Unrecognized request")
printBookings()
def sendError(self, msg):
reply = QByteArray()
stream = QDataStream(reply, QIODevice.WriteOnly)
stream.setVersion(QDataStream.Qt_5_7)
stream.writeUInt16(0)
stream.writeQString("ERROR")
stream.writeQString(msg)
stream.device().seek(0)
stream.writeUInt16(reply.size() - SIZEOF_UINT16)
self.write(reply)
def sendReply(self, action, room, date):
reply = QByteArray()
stream = QDataStream(reply, QIODevice.WriteOnly)
stream.setVersion(QDataStream.Qt_5_7)
stream.writeUInt16(0)
stream.writeQString(action)
stream.writeQString(room)
stream<
stream.writeUInt16(reply.size() - SIZEOF_UINT16)
self.write(reply)
class TcpServer(QTcpServer):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(TcpServer, self).__init__(parent)
def incomingConnection(self, socketId):
socket = Socket(self)
socket.setSocketDescriptor(socketId)
class BuildingServicesDlg(QPushButton):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(BuildingServicesDlg, self).__init__(
"&Close Server", parent)
self.setWindowFlags(Qt.WindowStaysOnTopHint)
self.loadBookings()
self.tcpServer = TcpServer(self)
if not self.tcpServer.listen(QHostAddress("0.0.0.0"), PORT):
QMessageBox.critical(self, "Building Services Server","Failed to start server: {0}".format(self.tcpServer.errorString()))
self.close()
return
self.clicked.connect(self.close)
font = self.font()
font.setPointSize(24)
self.setFont(font)
self.setWindowTitle("Building Services Server")
def loadBookings(self):
# Generate fake data
import random
today = QDate.currentDate()
for i in range(10):
date = today.addDays(random.randint(7, 60))
for j in range(random.randint(1, MAX_BOOKINGS_PER_DAY)):
# Rooms are 001..534 excl. 100, 200, ..., 500
floor = random.randint(0, 5)
room = random.randint(1, 34)
bookings = Bookings[date.toPyDate()]
if len(bookings) >= MAX_BOOKINGS_PER_DAY:
continue
bisect.insort(bookings, "{0:1d}{1:02d}".format(
floor, room))
printBookings()
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
form = BuildingServicesDlg()
form.show()
form.move(0, 0)
app.exec_()
运行结果：
服务端：
客户端
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