iOS蓝牙开发(一)蓝牙相关基础知识
蓝牙常见名称和缩写
MFI ======= make for ipad ,iphone, itouch 专们为苹果设备制作的设备
BLE ==== buletouch low energy,蓝牙4.0设备因为低耗电,所以也叫做BLE
peripheral,central == 外设和中心,发起连接的时central,被连接的设备为perilheral
service and characteristic === 服务和特征 每个设备会提供服务和特征,类似于服务端的api,但是机构不同。每个外设会有很多服务,每个服务中包含很多字段,这些字段的权限一般分为 读read,写write,通知notiy几种,就是我们连接设备后具体需要操作的内容。
Description 每个characteristic可以对应一个或多个Description用户描述characteristic的信息或属性
MFI === 开发使用ExternalAccessory 框架
4.0 BLE === 开发使用CoreBluetooth 框架
蓝牙基础知识
CoreBluetooth框架的核心其实是两个东西,peripheral和central, 可以理解成外设和中心。对应他们分别有一组相关的API和类
这两组api分别对应不同的业务场景,左侧叫做中心模式,就是以你的app作为中心,连接其他的外设的场景,而右侧称为外设模式,使用手机作为外设别其他中心设备操作的场景。
服务和特征,特征的属性(service and characteristic):
每个设备都会有一些服务,每个服务里面都会有一些特征,特征就是具体键值对,提供数据的地方。每个特征属性分为这么几种:读,写,通知这么几种方式。
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//objcetive c特征的定义枚举
typedef
NS_OPTIONS(NSUInteger, CBCharacteristicProperties) {
CBCharacteristicPropertyBroadcast = 0x01,
CBCharacteristicPropertyRead = 0x02,
CBCharacteristicPropertyWriteWithoutResponse = 0x04,
CBCharacteristicPropertyWrite = 0x08,
CBCharacteristicPropertyNotify = 0x10,
CBCharacteristicPropertyIndicate = 0x20,
CBCharacteristicPropertyAuthenticatedSignedWrites = 0x40,
CBCharacteristicPropertyExtendedProperties = 0x80,
CBCharacteristicPropertyNotifyEncryptionRequired NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(NA, 6_0) = 0x100,
CBCharacteristicPropertyIndicateEncryptionRequired NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(NA, 6_0) = 0x200
};
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外设、服务、特征间的关系
蓝牙中心模式流程
1. 建立中心角色
2. 扫描外设(discover)
3. 连接外设(connect)
4. 扫描外设中的服务和特征(discover)
- 4.1 获取外设的services
- 4.2 获取外设的Characteristics,获取Characteristics的值,获取Characteristics的Descriptor和Descriptor的值
5. 与外设做数据交互(explore and interact)
6. 订阅Characteristic的通知
7. 断开连接(disconnect)
蓝牙外设模式流程
1. 启动一个Peripheral管理对象
2. 本地Peripheral设置服务,特性,描述,权限等等
3. Peripheral发送广告
4. 设置处理订阅、取消订阅、读characteristic、写characteristic的委托方法
蓝牙设备状态
1. 待机状态(standby):设备没有传输和发送数据,并且没有连接到任何设
2. 广播状态(Advertiser):周期性广播状态
3. 扫描状态(Scanner):主动寻找正在广播的设备
4. 发起链接状态(Initiator):主动向扫描设备发起连接。
5. 主设备(Master):作为主设备连接到其他设备。
6. 从设备(Slave):作为从设备连接到其他设备。
蓝牙设备的五种工作状态
准备(standby)
广播(advertising)
监听扫描(Scanning
发起连接(Initiating)
已连接(Connected)
蓝牙和版本的使用限制
蓝牙2.0 === 越狱设备
蓝牙4.0 === iOS 6 以上
MFI认证设备(Make For ipod/ipad/iphone) === 无限制
上一篇文章介绍了蓝牙的技术知识,这里我们具体说明一下中心模式的应用场景。主设备(手机去扫描连接外设,发现外设服务和属性,操作服务和属性的应用。一般来说,外设(蓝牙设备,比如智能手环之类的东西),会由硬件工程师开发好,并定义好设备提供的服务,每个服务对于的特征,每个特征的属性(只读,只写,通知等等),本文例子的业务场景,就是用一手机app去读写蓝牙设备。
iOS连接外设的代码实现流程
1. 建立中心角色
2. 扫描外设(discover)
3. 连接外设(connect)
4. 扫描外设中的服务和特征(discover)
- 4.1 获取外设的services
- 4.2 获取外设的Characteristics,获取Characteristics的值,获取Characteristics的Descriptor和Descriptor的值
5. 与外设做数据交互(explore and interact)
6. 订阅Characteristic的通知
7. 断开连接(disconnect)
准备环境
1 Xcode
2 开发证书和手机(蓝牙程序需要使用使用真机调试,使用模拟器也可以调试,但是方法很蛋疼,我会放在最后说)
3 蓝牙外设
实现步骤
1 导入CoreBluetooth头文件,建立主设备管理类,设置主设备委托
#import @interface ViewController : UIViewController @interface ViewController (){ //系统蓝牙设备管理对象,可以把他理解为主设备,通过他,可以去扫描和链接外设 CBCentralManager *manager; } - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; /* 设置主设备的委托,CBCentralManagerDelegate 必须实现的: - (void)centralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBCentralManager *)central;//主设备状态改变的委托,在初始化CBCentralManager的适合会打开设备,只有当设备正确打开后才能使用 其他选择实现的委托中比较重要的: - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDiscoverPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral advertisementData:(NSDictionary *)advertisementData RSSI:(NSNumber *)RSSI; //找到外设的委托 - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral;//连接外设成功的委托 - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didFailToConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error;//外设连接失败的委托 - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDisconnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error;//断开外设的委托 */ //初始化并设置委托和线程队列,最好一个线程的参数可以为nil,默认会就main线程 manager = [[CBCentralManager alloc]initWithDelegate:self queue:dispatch_get_main_queue()];
2 扫描外设(discover),扫描外设的方法我们放在centralManager成功打开的委托中,因为只有设备成功打开,才能开始扫描,否则会报错。
-(void)centralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBCentralManager *)central{ switch (central.state) { case CBCentralManagerStateUnknown: NSLog(@">>>CBCentralManagerStateUnknown"); break; case CBCentralManagerStateResetting: NSLog(@">>>CBCentralManagerStateResetting"); break; case CBCentralManagerStateUnsupported: NSLog(@">>>CBCentralManagerStateUnsupported"); break; case CBCentralManagerStateUnauthorized: NSLog(@">>>CBCentralManagerStateUnauthorized"); break; case CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOff: NSLog(@">>>CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOff"); break; case CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOn: NSLog(@">>>CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOn"); //开始扫描周围的外设 /* 第一个参数nil就是扫描周围所有的外设,扫描到外设后会进入 - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDiscoverPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral advertisementData:(NSDictionary *)advertisementData RSSI:(NSNumber *)RSSI; */ [manager scanForPeripheralsWithServices:nil options:nil]; break; default: break; } } //扫描到设备会进入方法 -(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDiscoverPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral advertisementData:(NSDictionary *)advertisementData RSSI:(NSNumber *)RSSI{ NSLog(@"当扫描到设备:%@",peripheral.name); //接下来可以连接设备 }
3 连接外设(connect)
//扫描到设备会进入方法 -(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDiscoverPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral advertisementData:(NSDictionary *)advertisementData RSSI:(NSNumber *)RSSI{ //接下连接我们的测试设备,如果你没有设备,可以下载一个app叫lightbule的app去模拟一个设备 //这里自己去设置下连接规则,我设置的是P开头的设备 if ([peripheral.name hasPrefix:@"P"]){ /* 一个主设备最多能连7个外设,每个外设最多只能给一个主设备连接,连接成功,失败,断开会进入各自的委托 - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral;//连接外设成功的委托 - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didFailToConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error;//外设连接失败的委托 - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDisconnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error;//断开外设的委托 */ //连接设备 [manager connectPeripheral:peripheral options:nil]; } } //连接到Peripherals-成功 - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral { NSLog(@">>>连接到名称为(%@)的设备-成功",peripheral.name); } //连接到Peripherals-失败 -(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didFailToConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error { NSLog(@">>>连接到名称为(%@)的设备-失败,原因:%@",[peripheral name],[error localizedDescription]); } //Peripherals断开连接 - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDisconnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error{ NSLog(@">>>外设连接断开连接 %@: %@\n", [peripheral name], [error localizedDescription]); }
4 扫描外设中的服务和特征(discover)
设备连接成功后,就可以扫描设备的服务了,同样是通过委托形式,扫描到结果后会进入委托方法。但是这个委托已经不再是主设备的委托(CBCentralManagerDelegate),而是外设的委托(CBPeripheralDelegate),这个委托包含了主设备与外设交互的许多 回叫方法,包括获取services,获取characteristics,获取characteristics的值,获取characteristics的Descriptor,和Descriptor的值,写数据,读rssi,用通知的方式订阅数据等等。
4.1 获取外设的services
//连接到Peripherals-成功 - (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral { NSLog(@">>>连接到名称为(%@)的设备-成功",peripheral.name); //设置的peripheral委托CBPeripheralDelegate //@interface ViewController : UIViewController [peripheral setDelegate:self]; //扫描外设Services,成功后会进入方法:-(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverServices:(NSError *)error{ [peripheral discoverServices:nil]; } //扫描到Services -(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverServices:(NSError *)error{ // NSLog(@">>>扫描到服务:%@",peripheral.services); if (error) { NSLog(@">>>Discovered services for %@ with error: %@", peripheral.name, [error localizedDescription]); return; } for (CBService *service in peripheral.services) { NSLog(@"%@",service.UUID); //扫描每个service的Characteristics,扫描到后会进入方法: -(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverCharacteristicsForService:(CBService *)service error:(NSError *)error [peripheral discoverCharacteristics:nil forService:service]; } }
4.2 获取外设的Characteristics,获取Characteristics的值,获取Characteristics的Descriptor和Descriptor的值
//扫描到Characteristics -(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverCharacteristicsForService:(CBService *)service error:(NSError *)error{ if (error) { NSLog(@"error Discovered characteristics for %@ with error: %@", service.UUID, [error localizedDescription]); return; } for (CBCharacteristic *characteristic in service.characteristics) { NSLog(@"service:%@ 的 Characteristic: %@",service.UUID,characteristic.UUID); } //获取Characteristic的值,读到数据会进入方法:-(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error for (CBCharacteristic *characteristic in service.characteristics){ { [peripheral readValueForCharacteristic:characteristic]; } } //搜索Characteristic的Descriptors,读到数据会进入方法:-(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverDescriptorsForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error for (CBCharacteristic *characteristic in service.characteristics){ [peripheral discoverDescriptorsForCharacteristic:characteristic]; } } //获取的charateristic的值 -(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error{ //打印出characteristic的UUID和值 //!注意,value的类型是NSData,具体开发时,会根据外设协议制定的方式去解析数据 NSLog(@"characteristic uuid:%@ value:%@",characteristic.UUID,characteristic.value); } //搜索到Characteristic的Descriptors -(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverDescriptorsForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error{ //打印出Characteristic和他的Descriptors NSLog(@"characteristic uuid:%@",characteristic.UUID); for (CBDescriptor *d in characteristic.descriptors) { NSLog(@"Descriptor uuid:%@",d.UUID); } } //获取到Descriptors的值 -(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateValueForDescriptor:(CBDescriptor *)descriptor error:(NSError *)error{ //打印出DescriptorsUUID 和value //这个descriptor都是对于characteristic的描述,一般都是字符串,所以这里我们转换成字符串去解析 NSLog(@"characteristic uuid:%@ value:%@",[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",descriptor.UUID],descriptor.value); }
5 把数据写到Characteristic中
//写数据 -(void)writeCharacteristic:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral characteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic value:(NSData *)value{ //打印出 characteristic 的权限,可以看到有很多种,这是一个NS_OPTIONS,就是可以同时用于好几个值,常见的有read,write,notify,indicate,知知道这几个基本就够用了,前连个是读写权限,后两个都是通知,两种不同的通知方式。 /* typedef NS_OPTIONS(NSUInteger, CBCharacteristicProperties) { CBCharacteristicPropertyBroadcast = 0x01, CBCharacteristicPropertyRead = 0x02, CBCharacteristicPropertyWriteWithoutResponse = 0x04, CBCharacteristicPropertyWrite = 0x08, CBCharacteristicPropertyNotify = 0x10, CBCharacteristicPropertyIndicate = 0x20, CBCharacteristicPropertyAuthenticatedSignedWrites = 0x40, CBCharacteristicPropertyExtendedProperties = 0x80, CBCharacteristicPropertyNotifyEncryptionRequired NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(NA, 6_0) = 0x100, CBCharacteristicPropertyIndicateEncryptionRequired NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(NA, 6_0) = 0x200 }; */ NSLog(@"%lu", (unsigned long)characteristic.properties); //只有 characteristic.properties 有write的权限才可以写 if(characteristic.properties & CBCharacteristicPropertyWrite){ /* 最好一个type参数可以为CBCharacteristicWriteWithResponse或type:CBCharacteristicWriteWithResponse,区别是是否会有反馈 */ [peripheral writeValue:value forCharacteristic:characteristic type:CBCharacteristicWriteWithResponse]; }else{ NSLog(@"该字段不可写!"); } }
6 订阅Characteristic的通知
//设置通知 -(void)notifyCharacteristic:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral characteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic{ //设置通知,数据通知会进入:didUpdateValueForCharacteristic方法 [peripheral setNotifyValue:YES forCharacteristic:characteristic]; } //取消通知 -(void)cancelNotifyCharacteristic:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral characteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic{ [peripheral setNotifyValue:NO forCharacteristic:characteristic]; }
7 断开连接(disconnect)
//停止扫描并断开连接 -(void)disconnectPeripheral:(CBCentralManager *)centralManager peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral{ //停止扫描 [centralManager stopScan]; //断开连接 [centralManager cancelPeripheralConnection:peripheral]; }
8 模拟器蓝牙调试,慎用,最好还是用真机去调试。
由于在iPhone 4s之后的iOS才支持BLE,新一代的这些iOS设备又都不便宜,在做测试的时候,用iOS模拟器进行调试,可以节约一些开发成本。怎么在iOS模拟器上调试BLE,
苹果最初给出的说明是,支持BLE的mac机子上可以用模拟器进行调试,并给出了一份技术文档(传送门),恶心的是,后来苹果抽风,又把这份文档移除,
并且把iOS 7.0的模拟器上对BLE的支持也移除掉了(难道是想让大家多买设备测试?Apple sucks.)后面,网上搜了一下,解决办法如下:
1. 买一个CSR蓝牙4.0 USB适配器(某宝上大概30块钱),在机子上插入该物(你懂的)
2. 在Terminal下敲入sudo nvram bluetoothHostControllerSwitchBehavior="never" , 重启Mac。
3. 用XCode 4.6调试代码,在iOS 6.1的模拟器上跑程序(用XCode 5.0跑iOS 7.0模拟器会抛异常,原因上面详诉过了,Apple sucks,你懂的)
如何降低模拟器的iOS版本呢?
XCode->Preferences->Downloads里面有很多simulators你可以下载
选择个6.1的下载好了
代码下载:
我博客中大部分示例代码都上传到了github,地址是:https://github.com/coolnameismy/demo
本文代码存放目录是BleDemo
如果大家支持,请follow我的github账号,并star我的项目,有其他问题可以在blog中给我留言 blog的RSS订阅
再上一节说了app作为central连接peripheral的情况,这一节介绍如何使用app发布一个peripheral,给其他的central连接
还是这张图,central模式用的都是左边的类,而peripheral模式用的是右边的类
peripheral模式的流程
1. 打开peripheralManager,设置peripheralManager的委托
2. 创建characteristics,characteristics的description 创建service,把characteristics添加到service中,再把service添加到peripheralManager中
3. 开启广播advertising
4. 对central的操作进行响应
- 4.1 读characteristics请求
- 4.2 写characteristics请求
- 4.4 订阅和取消订阅characteristics
准备环境
1 Xcode
2 开发证书和手机(蓝牙程序需要使用使用真机调试,使用模拟器也可以调试,但是方法很蛋疼,我会放在最后说),如果不行可以使用osx程序调试
3 蓝牙外设
实现步骤
1. 打开peripheralManager,设置peripheralManager的委托
设置当前ViewController实现CBPeripheralManagerDelegate委托
@interface BePeripheralViewController : UIViewController
初始化peripheralManager
/* 和CBCentralManager类似,蓝牙设备打开需要一定时间,打开成功后会进入委托方法 - (void)peripheralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral; 模拟器永远也不会得CBPeripheralManagerStatePoweredOn状态 */ peripheralManager = [[CBPeripheralManager alloc]initWithDelegate:self queue:nil];
2. 创建characteristics,characteristics的description ,创建service,把characteristics添加到service中,再把service添加到peripheralManager中
在委托方法 - (void)peripheralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral中,当peripheral成功打开后,才可以配置service和characteristics。 这里创建的service和chara对象是CBMutableCharacteristic和CBMutableService。他们的区别就像NSArray和NSMutableArray区别类似。 我们先创建characteristics和description,description是characteristics的描述,描述分很多种, 这里不细说了,常用的就是CBUUIDCharacteristicUserDescriptionString。
//peripheralManager状态改变 - (void)peripheralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral{ switch (peripheral.state) { //在这里判断蓝牙设别的状态 当开启了则可调用 setUp方法(自定义) case CBPeripheralManagerStatePoweredOn: NSLog(@"powered on"); [info setText:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"设备名%@已经打开,可以使用center进行连接",LocalNameKey]]; [self setUp]; break; case CBPeripheralManagerStatePoweredOff: NSLog(@"powered off"); [info setText:@"powered off"]; break; default: break; } }
//配置bluetooch的 -(void)setUp{ //characteristics字段描述 CBUUID *CBUUIDCharacteristicUserDescriptionStringUUID = [CBUUID UUIDWithString:CBUUIDCharacteristicUserDescriptionString]; /* 可以通知的Characteristic properties:CBCharacteristicPropertyNotify permissions CBAttributePermissionsReadable */ CBMutableCharacteristic *notiyCharacteristic = [[CBMutableCharacteristic alloc]initWithType:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:notiyCharacteristicUUID] properties:CBCharacteristicPropertyNotify value:nil permissions:CBAttributePermissionsReadable]; /* 可读写的characteristics properties:CBCharacteristicPropertyWrite | CBCharacteristicPropertyRead permissions CBAttributePermissionsReadable | CBAttributePermissionsWriteable */ CBMutableCharacteristic *readwriteCharacteristic = [[CBMutableCharacteristic alloc]initWithType:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:readwriteCharacteristicUUID] properties:CBCharacteristicPropertyWrite | CBCharacteristicPropertyRead value:nil permissions:CBAttributePermissionsReadable | CBAttributePermissionsWriteable]; //设置description CBMutableDescriptor *readwriteCharacteristicDescription1 = [[CBMutableDescriptor alloc]initWithType: CBUUIDCharacteristicUserDescriptionStringUUID value:@"name"]; [readwriteCharacteristic setDescriptors:@[readwriteCharacteristicDescription1]]; /* 只读的Characteristic properties:CBCharacteristicPropertyRead permissions CBAttributePermissionsReadable */ CBMutableCharacteristic *readCharacteristic = [[CBMutableCharacteristic alloc]initWithType:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:readCharacteristicUUID] properties:CBCharacteristicPropertyRead value:nil permissions:CBAttributePermissionsReadable]; //service1初始化并加入两个characteristics CBMutableService *service1 = [[CBMutableService alloc]initWithType:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:ServiceUUID1] primary:YES]; [service1 setCharacteristics:@[notiyCharacteristic,readwriteCharacteristic]]; //service2初始化并加入一个characteristics CBMutableService *service2 = [[CBMutableService alloc]initWithType:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:ServiceUUID2] primary:YES]; [service2 setCharacteristics:@[readCharacteristic]]; //添加后就会调用代理的- (void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral didAddService:(CBService *)service error:(NSError *)error [peripheralManager addService:service1]; [peripheralManager addService:service2]; }
3. 开启广播advertising
//perihpheral添加了service - (void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral didAddService:(CBService *)service error:(NSError *)error{ if (error == nil) { serviceNum++; } //因为我们添加了2个服务,所以想两次都添加完成后才去发送广播 if (serviceNum==2) { //添加服务后可以在此向外界发出通告 调用完这个方法后会调用代理的 //(void)peripheralManagerDidStartAdvertising:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error [peripheralManager startAdvertising:@{ CBAdvertisementDataServiceUUIDsKey : @[[CBUUID UUIDWithString:ServiceUUID1],[CBUUID UUIDWithString:ServiceUUID2]], CBAdvertisementDataLocalNameKey : LocalNameKey } ]; } } //peripheral开始发送advertising - (void)peripheralManagerDidStartAdvertising:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral error:(NSError *)error{ NSLog(@"in peripheralManagerDidStartAdvertisiong"); }
4. 对central的操作进行响应
- 4.1 读characteristics请求
- 4.2 写characteristics请求
- 4.3 订阅和取消订阅characteristics
//订阅characteristics -(void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral central:(CBCentral *)central didSubscribeToCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic{ NSLog(@"订阅了 %@的数据",characteristic.UUID); //每秒执行一次给主设备发送一个当前时间的秒数 timer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:1 target:self selector:@selector(sendData:) userInfo:characteristic repeats:YES]; } //取消订阅characteristics -(void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral central:(CBCentral *)central didUnsubscribeFromCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic{ NSLog(@"取消订阅 %@的数据",characteristic.UUID); //取消回应 [timer invalidate]; } //发送数据,发送当前时间的秒数 -(BOOL)sendData:(NSTimer *)t { CBMutableCharacteristic *characteristic = t.userInfo; NSDateFormatter *dft = [[NSDateFormatter alloc]init]; [dft setDateFormat:@"ss"]; NSLog(@"%@",[dft stringFromDate:[NSDate date]]); //执行回应Central通知数据 return [peripheralManager updateValue:[[dft stringFromDate:[NSDate date]] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] forCharacteristic:(CBMutableCharacteristic *)characteristic onSubscribedCentrals:nil]; } //读characteristics请求 - (void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral didReceiveReadRequest:(CBATTRequest *)request{ NSLog(@"didReceiveReadRequest"); //判断是否有读数据的权限 if (request.characteristic.properties & CBCharacteristicPropertyRead) { NSData *data = request.characteristic.value; [request setValue:data]; //对请求作出成功响应 [peripheralManager respondToRequest:request withResult:CBATTErrorSuccess]; }else{ [peripheralManager respondToRequest:request withResult:CBATTErrorWriteNotPermitted]; } } //写characteristics请求 - (void)peripheralManager:(CBPeripheralManager *)peripheral didReceiveWriteRequests:(NSArray *)requests{ NSLog(@"didReceiveWriteRequests"); CBATTRequest *request = requests[0]; //判断是否有写数据的权限 if (request.characteristic.properties & CBCharacteristicPropertyWrite) { //需要转换成CBMutableCharacteristic对象才能进行写值 CBMutableCharacteristic *c =(CBMutableCharacteristic *)request.characteristic; c.value = request.value; [peripheralManager respondToRequest:request withResult:CBATTErrorSuccess]; }else{ [peripheralManager respondToRequest:request withResult:CBATTErrorWriteNotPermitted]; } }
代码下载:
我博客中大部分示例代码都上传到了github,地址是:https://github.com/coolnameismy/demo,点击跳转代码下载地址
本文代码存放目录是BleDemo
如果大家支持,请follow我的github账号,并star我的项目,有其他问题可以在blog中给我留言 blog的RSS订阅
BabyBluetooth 是一个最简单易用的蓝牙库,基于CoreBluetooth的封装,并兼容iOS和Mac OS X。
特色:
基于原生CoreBluetooth框架封装的轻量级的开源库,可以帮你更简单地使用CoreBluetooth API。
CoreBluetooth所有方法都是通过委托完成,代码冗余且顺序凌乱。BabyBluetooth使用block方法,可以重新按照功能和顺序组织代码,并提供许多方法减少蓝牙开发过程中的代码量。
链式方法体,代码更简洁、优雅。
通过channel切换区分委托调用,并方便切换
来源
最近几个月都在做蓝牙项目,用CoreBluetooch感觉语句写的到处都是,不优雅。一整条链下来要近10几个委托方法,并且不断的在委托方法中调用方法再进入其他的委托,导致 代码很零散。因此我就想让coreBlueTooth使用更简单,语法更优雅,所以开始写这个BabyBluetooch蓝牙库。
刚开始写BabyBluetooth时,只有目标,也不值得如何实现,于是一步步安装目标去实现,也遇到过很多问题,慢慢的也想出了解决方案,并一步步直到9月7日早晨,才算完成了 第一个可以用的版本。对于蓝牙这种在app中亮相率不高的功能,github上ios使用的操作蓝牙的库最多就100来个star,然后BabyBluetooch2天的时间内已经有了15个star和10个fork, 已经相当不错了,很快就有越来越多的人参与到项目中,issues,pull request等等。这些都是个人成长和项目成长非常宝贵的资源。
更新于:20150916,现在BabyBluetooth 已经有了96个star
期待
蓝牙库写起来很辛苦,希望大家可以多多支持,多多star。BabyBluetooth主页
如果在使用过程中遇到BUG,或发现功能不够用,希望你能Issues我,谢谢
期待大家也能一起为BabyBluetooth输出代码,这里我只是给BabyBluetooth开了个头,他可以增加和优化的地方还是非常多。也期待和大家在Pull Requests一起学习,交流,成长。
Quick Example
//导入.h文件和系统蓝牙库的头文件 #import "BabyBluetooth.h" -(void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; //初始化BabyBluetooth 蓝牙库 baby = [BabyBluetooth shareBabyBluetooth]; //设置蓝牙委托 [self babyDelegate]; //设置委托后直接可以使用,无需等待CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOn状态 baby.scanForPeripherals().begin() } //蓝牙网关初始化和委托方法设置 -(void)babyDelegate{ //设置扫描到设备的委托 [baby setBlockOnDiscoverToPeripherals:^(CBCentralManager *central, CBPeripheral *peripheral, NSDictionary *advertisementData, NSNumber *RSSI) { NSLog(@"搜索到了设备:%@",peripheral.name); }]; //设置设备连接成功的委托 [baby setBlockOnConnected:^(CBCentralManager *central, CBPeripheral *peripheral) { NSLog(@"设备:%@--连接成功",peripheral.name); }]; //设置发现设备的Services的委托 [baby setBlockOnDiscoverServices:^(CBPeripheral *peripheral, NSError *error) { for (CBService *service in peripheral.services) { NSLog(@"搜索到服务:%@",service.UUID.UUIDString); } }]; //设置发现设service的Characteristics的委托 [baby setBlockOnDiscoverCharacteristics:^(CBPeripheral *peripheral, CBService *service, NSError *error) { NSLog(@"===service name:%@",service.UUID); for (CBCharacteristic *c in service.characteristics) { NSLog(@"charateristic name is :%@",c.UUID); } }]; //设置读取characteristics的委托 [baby setBlockOnReadValueForCharacteristic:^(CBPeripheral *peripheral, CBCharacteristic *characteristics, NSError *error) { NSLog(@"characteristic name:%@ value is:%@",characteristics.UUID,characteristics.value); }]; //设置发现characteristics的descriptors的委托 [baby setBlockOnDiscoverDescriptorsForCharacteristic:^(CBPeripheral *peripheral, CBCharacteristic *characteristic, NSError *error) { NSLog(@"===characteristic name:%@",characteristic.service.UUID); for (CBDescriptor *d in characteristic.descriptors) { NSLog(@"CBDescriptor name is :%@",d.UUID); } }]; //设置读取Descriptor的委托 [baby setBlockOnReadValueForDescriptors:^(CBPeripheral *peripheral, CBDescriptor *descriptor, NSError *error) { NSLog(@"Descriptor name:%@ value is:%@",descriptor.characteristic.UUID, descriptor.value); }]; //过滤器 //设置查找设备的过滤器 [baby setDiscoverPeripheralsFilter:^BOOL(NSString *peripheralsFilter) { //设置查找规则是名称大于1 , the search rule is peripheral.name length > 1 if (peripheralsFilter.length >1) { return YES; } return NO; }]; //设置连接的设备的过滤器 __block BOOL isFirst = YES; [baby setFilterOnConnetToPeripherals:^BOOL(NSString *peripheralName) { //这里的规则是:连接第一个AAA打头的设备 if(isFirst && [peripheralName hasPrefix:@"AAA"]){ isFirst = NO; return YES; } return NO; }]; }
CoreBluetooch中实现上扫描,连接,发现服务和characteristic以及它的值相关方法调用是很麻烦啰嗦凌乱的。如下: centralManager启动->状态委托->调用扫描方法->进入扫描到设备的委托->调用连接设备方法->进入连接到设备的委托->发现服务方法->发现服务委托-> 发现characteristic方法->发现characteristic委托->读characteristic的value->读characteristic的value的委托->读description,读description的value-> ....的委托
而BabyBluetooth只需要一句话就执行了上面的内容。
//扫描设备 然后读取服务,然后读取characteristics名称和值和属性,获取characteristics对应的description的名称和值 baby.scanForPeripherals().connectToPeripheral().discoverServices() .discoverCharacteristics().readValueForCharacteristic().discoverDescriptorsForCharacteristic() .readValueForDescriptors().begin();
另一方面,BabyBluetooth所有的委托方法都紧凑的聚在了一起。此外,快速示例中没有包括channel的使用,如果包括了channel,那么ios几个页面或者组件的蓝牙 调用模块都可以写在一起,看起来就觉得很方便。
关于更多BabyBluetooth的介绍和使用示例已经api,请移步到BabyBluetooth主页查看