Python网络编程：E-mail服务(八) 实现抄送和密送功能

简介

本文介绍如何通过smtp模块实现邮件的抄送和密送功能。

抄送功能实现

在发送邮件时，除了发送给相关的责任人，有时还需要知会某些人。这时就需要在邮件里指定抄送人员列表。相关实现如下：

import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
import os

FROMADDR = "[email protected]"
PASSWORD = 'foo'

TOADDR = ['[email protected]', '[email protected]']
CCADDR = ['[email protected]', '[email protected]']

# Create message container - the correct MIME type is multipart/alternative.
msg = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
msg['Subject'] = 'Test'
msg['From'] = FROMADDR
msg['To'] = ', '.join(TOADDR)
msg['Cc'] = ', '.join(CCADDR)

# Create the body of the message (an HTML version).
text = """Hi  this is the body
"""

# Record the MIME types of both parts - text/plain and text/html.
body = MIMEText(text, 'plain')

# Attach parts into message container.
msg.attach(body)

# Send the message via local SMTP server.
s = smtplib.SMTP('server.com', 587)
s.sendmail(FROMADDR, TOADDR + CCADDR, msg.as_string())
s.quit()

这里需要注意的是，需要将所以发送和抄送人员以列表的形式，传送给sendmail(from_addr, to_addrs, msg, mail_options=[], rcpt_options=[])函数的to_addrs参数。否则CC功能失效。

实现BCC功能

用户如果需要实现密送（BCC）功能，和上面介绍的抄送功能类似。参考代码实现：

oaddr = '[email protected]'
cc = ['[email protected]','[email protected]']
bcc = ['[email protected]']
fromaddr = '[email protected]'
message_subject = "disturbance in sector 7"
message_text = "Three are dead in an attack in the sewers below sector 7."
message = "From: %s\r\n" % fromaddr
        + "To: %s\r\n" % toaddr
        + "CC: %s\r\n" % ",".join(cc)
        + "Subject: %s\r\n" % message_subject
        + "\r\n" 
        + message_text
toaddrs = [toaddr] + cc + bcc
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.sunnydale.k12.ca.us')
server.set_debuglevel(1)
server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddrs, message)
server.quit()

总结

TO, CC, BCC仅在文本头存在区别，在SMTP级别来看，TO, CC, BCC都是接收者。因此sendmail( )函数的to_addrs必须是所有接收者的列表。