spring各个版本下载地址:
https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/tags
spring有多种可以加载的方式,其中常见的就是下面3类
先给出一下ClassPathXmlApplicationContext这个类的继承关系,从AbstractRefreshableConfigApplicationContext开始,陆陆续续实现一些接口
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(“spring.xml”)用于加载CLASSPATH下的Spring配置文件,然后通过ac.getBean(“beanName”)就可以获取到bean实例。
public ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(String configLocation) throws BeansException {
this(new String[] {configLocation}, true, null);
}
public ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
String[] configLocations, boolean refresh, @Nullable ApplicationContext parent)
throws BeansException {
super(parent);
setConfigLocations(configLocations);
if (refresh) {
refresh();
}
}
从第二段代码看,总共就做了三件事:
public AbstractApplicationContext(@Nullable ApplicationContext parent) {
this();
setParent(parent);
}
parent为null,setParent(parent)就不看了。this()就是无参构造方法,注意,从这里可以看到AbstractApplicationContext 继承了DefaultResourceLoader,所以实际上它自身也作为资源加载器。
public AbstractApplicationContext() {
this.resourcePatternResolver = getResourcePatternResolver();
}
protected ResourcePatternResolver getResourcePatternResolver() {
return new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver(this);
}
PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver.java
public PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver(ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {
Assert.notNull(resourceLoader, "ResourceLoader must not be null");
this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader;
}
public void setConfigLocations(@Nullable String... locations) {
if (locations != null) {
Assert.noNullElements(locations, "Config locations must not be null");
this.configLocations = new String[locations.length];
for (int i = 0; i < locations.length; i++) {
this.configLocations[i] = resolvePath(locations[i]).trim();
}
}
else {
this.configLocations = null;
}
}
resolvePath为同一个类中将字符串解析为路径的方法
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
// 准备此上下文以进行刷新。
prepareRefresh();
// 告诉子类刷新内部bean工厂。
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
// 准备bean工厂以在此上下文中使用。
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
try {
// 允许在上下文子类中对bean工厂进行后处理。
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// 在上下文中调用注册为bean的工厂处理器。
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// 注册拦截bean创建的bean处理器。
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// 初始化此上下文的消息源。
initMessageSource();
// 初始化此上下文的消息源。
initApplicationEventMulticaster();
// 在特定上下文子类中初始化其他特殊bean。
onRefresh();
// 检查监听器bean并注册它们。
registerListeners();
// 实例化所有剩余(非延迟初始化)单例。
finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
// 最后一步:发布相应的事件。
finishRefresh();
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
}
// 销毁已经创建的单例以避免悬空资源。
destroyBeans();
// 重置'有效'标志。
cancelRefresh(ex);
// 向调用者传播异常
throw ex;
}
finally {
// 从我们开始,重置Spring核心中的常见内省缓存
// 也许再也不需要单例bean的元数据......
resetCommonCaches();
}
}
}
每个子方法的功能之后一点一点再分析,首先refresh()方法有几点是值得我们学习的:
1、方法是加锁的,这么做的原因是避免多线程同时刷新Spring上下文
2、尽管加锁可以看到是针对整个方法体的,但是没有在方法前加synchronized关键字,而使用了对象锁startUpShutdownMonitor,这样做有两个好处:
(1)refresh()方法和close()方法都使用了startUpShutdownMonitor对象锁加锁,这就保证了在调用refresh()方法的时候无法调用close()方法,反之亦然,避免了冲突
(2)另外一个好处不在这个方法中体现,但是提一下,使用对象锁可以减小了同步的范围,只对不能并发的代码块进行加锁,提高了整体代码运行的效率
3、refresh函数是一个模板方法,执行多个方法,而且提供了各(protected)方法的(默认)实现,其子类可以重写它们 。
模板方法模式: 在一个方法中定义一个算法的骨架,而将一些步骤延迟到子类中。模板方法使得子类(使用protected方法)可以在不改变算法结构的情况下,重新定义算法中的某些步骤。
obtainFreshBeanFactory函数调用,完成了容器初始化的最重要最基础的功能,Bean定义资源的Resource定位、载入解析和注册。
protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() {
refreshBeanFactory();
return getBeanFactory();
}
这里使用了委派设计模式,obtainFreshBeanFactory中调用了两个抽象方法,定义了obtainFreshBeanFactory的算法骨架,实际的行为交给其子类(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext)实现
AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java
protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
// 如果已经有容器,销毁容器中的bean,关闭容器,以保证在refresh之后使用的是新建立起来的IoC容器
if (hasBeanFactory()) {
destroyBeans();
closeBeanFactory();
}
try {
//创建IoC容器
DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
// 对IoC容器进行定制化,如设置启动参数,开启注解的自动装配等
beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// 调用载入Bean定义的方法,这里又使用了委派模式,在当前类中只定义了抽象的loadBeanDefinitions方法,具体的实现调用子类容器
loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) {
this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
}
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex);
}
}
在这个方法中,先判断BeanFactory是否存在,如果存在则先销毁beans并关闭beanFactory,接着创建DefaultListableBeanFactory,并调用loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory)装载bean使用了委派模式,在当前类中只定义了抽象的loadBeanDefinitions方法,具体的实现调用子类容器(AbstractXmlApplicationContext)
AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java
protected void loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException, IOException {
// 为给定的BeanFactory创建一个新的XmlBeanDefinitionReader
XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);
// 使用此上下文配置bean定义读取器
// 资源加载环境
beanDefinitionReader.setEnvironment(this.getEnvironment());
beanDefinitionReader.setResourceLoader(this);
beanDefinitionReader.setEntityResolver(new ResourceEntityResolver(this));
// Allow a subclass to provide custom initialization of the reader,
// 继续实际加载bean定义
initBeanDefinitionReader(beanDefinitionReader);
loadBeanDefinitions(beanDefinitionReader);
}
看看new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory) 做了什么。
其实就是初始化了this.registry=DefaultListableBeanFactory*
public XmlBeanDefinitionReader(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
super(registry);
}
protected AbstractBeanDefinitionReader(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
Assert.notNull(registry, "BeanDefinitionRegistry must not be null");
this.registry = registry;
// Determine ResourceLoader to use.
if (this.registry instanceof ResourceLoader) {
this.resourceLoader = (ResourceLoader) this.registry;
}
else {
this.resourceLoader = new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver();
}
// Inherit Environment if possible
if (this.registry instanceof EnvironmentCapable) {
this.environment = ((EnvironmentCapable) this.registry).getEnvironment();
}
else {
this.environment = new StandardEnvironment();
}
}
因为DefaultListableBeanFactory实现了BeanDefinitionRegistry接口,实现了AliasRegistry接口, 定义了一些对 bean的常用操作
1: 以Map
2:根据beanName 删除和获取 beanDefiniation ,得到持有的beanDefiniation的数目,根据beanName 判断是否包含beanDefiniation
接着看AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) 方法,定位到最后一行loadBeanDefinitions(beanDefinitionReader)
protected void loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader) throws BeansException, IOException {
Resource[] configResources = getConfigResources();
if (configResources != null) {
reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configResources);
}
String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations();
if (configLocations != null) {
reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configLocations);
}
}
第8行,调用XmlBeanDefinitionReader父类AbstractBeanDefinitionReader
AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java
public int loadBeanDefinitions(String... locations) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
Assert.notNull(locations, "Location array must not be null");
int count = 0;
for (String location : locations) {
count += loadBeanDefinitions(location);
}
return count;
}
开始循环加载资源,继续跟踪loadBeanDefinitions方法,使用ResourceLoader将资源文件路径转换为对应的Resource文件,然后会定位到
public int loadBeanDefinitions(Resource... resources) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
Assert.notNull(resources, "Resource array must not be null");
int count = 0;
for (Resource resource : resources) {
count += loadBeanDefinitions(resource);
}
return count;
}
第5行的loadBeanDefinitions方法是在XmlBeanDefinitionReader实现的
XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java
public int loadBeanDefinitions(Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
return loadBeanDefinitions(new EncodedResource(resource));
}
加入编码格式,继续跟踪loadBeanDefinitions方法
public int loadBeanDefinitions(EncodedResource encodedResource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
Assert.notNull(encodedResource, "EncodedResource must not be null");
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Loading XML bean definitions from " + encodedResource);
}
Set currentResources = this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.get();
if (currentResources == null) {
currentResources = new HashSet<>(4);
this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.set(currentResources);
}
if (!currentResources.add(encodedResource)) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"Detected cyclic loading of " + encodedResource + " - check your import definitions!");
}
try {
InputStream inputStream = encodedResource.getResource().getInputStream();
try {
InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(inputStream);
if (encodedResource.getEncoding() != null) {
inputSource.setEncoding(encodedResource.getEncoding());
}
return doLoadBeanDefinitions(inputSource, encodedResource.getResource());
}
finally {
inputStream.close();
}
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"IOException parsing XML document from " + encodedResource.getResource(), ex);
}
finally {
currentResources.remove(encodedResource);
if (currentResources.isEmpty()) {
this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.remove();
}
}
}
currentResources.add(encodedResource) 用Set判断,如果重复加载资源就抛出异常,主要看该方法里面的doLoadBeanDefinitions
protected int doLoadBeanDefinitions(InputSource inputSource, Resource resource)
throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
try {
Document doc = doLoadDocument(inputSource, resource);
int count = registerBeanDefinitions(doc, resource);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Loaded " + count + " bean definitions from " + resource);
}
return count;
}
catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
throw ex;
}
catch (SAXParseException ex) {
throw new XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
"Line " + ex.getLineNumber() + " in XML document from " + resource + " is invalid", ex);
}
catch (SAXException ex) {
throw new XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
"XML document from " + resource + " is invalid", ex);
}
catch (ParserConfigurationException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
"Parser configuration exception parsing XML from " + resource, ex);
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
"IOException parsing XML document from " + resource, ex);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
"Unexpected exception parsing XML document from " + resource, ex);
}
}
该方法就第5、6行。
第5行就是用sax
把xml解析成org.w3c.dom
,具体就不跟了
第6行才是重头戏,开始注册beanDefitions,跟踪registerBeanDefinitions(doc, resource)
public int registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
BeanDefinitionDocumentReader documentReader = createBeanDefinitionDocumentReader();
int countBefore = getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount();
documentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(doc, createReaderContext(resource));
return getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount() - countBefore;
}
第2行,可以跟进去看,其实就是初始化一个DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader
所以第4行registerBeanDefinitions在
DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java实现。这里有个很重要的方法createReaderContext(resource),在创建ReaderContext的同时加载了自定义标签(aop/dubbo等)的解析器
,这里到下一章再分析。。。本章节只分析spring自带标签
DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java
public void registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, XmlReaderContext readerContext) {
this.readerContext = readerContext;
doRegisterBeanDefinitions(doc.getDocumentElement());
}
第3行doRegisterBeanDefinitions
protected void doRegisterBeanDefinitions(Element root) {
BeanDefinitionParserDelegate parent = this.delegate;
this.delegate = createDelegate(getReaderContext(), root, parent);
if (this.delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
String profileSpec = root.getAttribute(PROFILE_ATTRIBUTE);
if (StringUtils.hasText(profileSpec)) {
String[] specifiedProfiles = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(
profileSpec, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS);
// We cannot use Profiles.of(...) since profile expressions are not supported
// in XML config. See SPR-12458 for details.
if (!getReaderContext().getEnvironment().acceptsProfiles(specifiedProfiles)) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Skipped XML bean definition file due to specified profiles [" + profileSpec +
"] not matching: " + getReaderContext().getResource());
}
return;
}
}
}
preProcessXml(root);
parseBeanDefinitions(root, this.delegate);
postProcessXml(root);
this.delegate = parent;
}
第3行初始化了bean默认的解析器BeanDefinitionParserDelegate
倒数第5行parseBeanDefinitions开始解析dom,前后各有一个预留的空方法,方便以后版本扩展
protected void parseBeanDefinitions(Element root, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
NodeList nl = root.getChildNodes();
for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
Node node = nl.item(i);
if (node instanceof Element) {
Element ele = (Element) node;
if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(ele)) {
parseDefaultElement(ele, delegate);
}
else {
delegate.parseCustomElement(ele);
}
}
}
}
else {
delegate.parseCustomElement(root);
}
}
获取节点的命令空间,判断是不是spring默认的http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
,是的话就执行parseDefaultElement(ele, delegate),用BeanDefinitionParserDelegate去解析spring自带标签;不是的话就执行parseCustomElement(ele)解析自定义标签(aop/dubbo等)
,下一章再分析
private void parseDefaultElement(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, IMPORT_ELEMENT)) {
importBeanDefinitionResource(ele);
}
else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, ALIAS_ELEMENT)) {
processAliasRegistration(ele);
}
else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, BEAN_ELEMENT)) {
processBeanDefinition(ele, delegate);
}
else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, NESTED_BEANS_ELEMENT)) {
// recurse
doRegisterBeanDefinitions(ele);
}
}
分别是import、alias、bean、beans
,解析标签到后面再分析,主要看bean加载流程。
至此BeanDefinition加载完成,那么BeanDefinition又何去何从呢?直接看processBeanDefinition(ele, delegate)
protected void processBeanDefinition(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele);
if (bdHolder != null) {
bdHolder = delegate.decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired(ele, bdHolder);
try {
// Register the final decorated instance.
BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(bdHolder, getReaderContext().getRegistry());
}
catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
getReaderContext().error("Failed to register bean definition with name '" +
bdHolder.getBeanName() + "'", ele, ex);
}
// Send registration event.
getReaderContext().fireComponentRegistered(new BeanComponentDefinition(bdHolder));
}
}
看第7行
public static void registerBeanDefinition(
BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry)
throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
// Register bean definition under primary name.
String beanName = definitionHolder.getBeanName();
registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, definitionHolder.getBeanDefinition());
// Register aliases for bean name, if any.
String[] aliases = definitionHolder.getAliases();
if (aliases != null) {
for (String alias : aliases) {
registry.registerAlias(beanName, alias);
}
}
}
看第7行,还记得这个registry
吗?不记得就Ctrl+F搜一下,没错它就是DefaultListableBeanFactory
DefaultListableBeanFactory.java定义很多ConcurrentHashMap,其中
beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition)
而beanDefinitionNames.add(beanName) 以List形式存储beanName
至此,beanFactory初始化完毕,而这才是refresh()
方法中的
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
参考:
https://www.cnblogs.com/xrq730/p/6285358.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/xrq730/p/6285358.html
https://blog.csdn.net/benhuo931115/article/details/74611464/