matlab之图形界面（GUI）程序设计

【见https://www.bilibili.com/video/av14503445/?p=7】

 初识：

首先在命令窗口键入guide

会弹出窗口：

点击确认。

弹出新窗口：

在此窗口中进行下面操作可以显示元件的名称：

 

【我随便编辑的，方便看清楚所有的元件】 

（我将文件的名字改成了fig1.fig）

会自动生成一个.fig和一个.m文件：

程式码：

各种元件的使用：

把那些按钮排列整齐的方式：

• 方法一：根据网格将其拉对其；
• 方法二：选中——>Tool——>Align

根据需要调整，调整之后再按“运行”按钮。

改变按钮里面的文字：

• 双击按钮可查看它的properties;

改变其中的String 特性可以改变里面的字。

改变按钮里的字体大小：FontSize。

tag：按钮的辨识码。

程式：

比如上面图形界面生成的程式码为：

function varargout = fig1(varargin)
% FIG1 MATLAB code for fig1.fig
%      FIG1, by itself, creates a new FIG1 or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = FIG1 returns the handle to a new FIG1 or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      FIG1('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in FIG1.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      FIG1('Property','Value',...) creates a new FIG1 or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before fig1_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to fig1_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help fig1

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 23-Jul-2019 09:17:05

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...
                   'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...
                   'gui_OpeningFcn', @fig1_OpeningFcn, ...
                   'gui_OutputFcn',  @fig1_OutputFcn, ...
                   'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...
                   'gui_Callback',   []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
    gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end

if nargout
    [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
    gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT


% --- Executes just before fig1 is made visible.
function fig1_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to fig1 (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for fig1
handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes fig1 wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);


% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = fig1_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) 
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;


% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)


% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)


% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3.
function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

其中的的openning function 是程序被执行时马上会做的事情。

程式应该插在这一部分。

比如：

% --- Executes just before fig1 is made visible.
function fig1_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to fig1 (see VARARGIN)
handles.peaks = peaks(35);
handles.membrane = membrane;
[x,y] = meshgrid(-8:.5:8);
r = sqrt(x.^2 + y.^2) + eps;
sinc = sin(r)./r;
handles.sinc = sinc;
handles.current_data = handles.peaks;
surf(handles.current_data);
% Choose default command line output for fig1
handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes fig1 wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);

 

设置按钮的响应： 

修改callback function 

【例如将上面在opening function 里面添加的代码剪切到在pushbutton1_Callback 里：

则点击第一个按钮后会出现图形。

有两个Axis时：

此时再执行，点击按钮图形会出现在后面那个axis上。

使图形画在第一个axies上的处理方法：

 

滑动条的设置：

程式码插入相应的位置。

a = get(handles.slide,'Value');
set(handles.text1,'String',num2str(a));

存变量： 

变为.exe