Docker安装及镜像管理
Docker 安装
[root@kevin ~]# yum install -y docker
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.ircam.fr
* elrepo: elrepo.reloumirrors.net
* epel: mirror.kinamo.be
* extras: mirrors.ircam.fr
* updates: mirrors.ircam.fr
* webtatic: uk.repo.webtatic.com
(1/6): mysql57-community/x86_64/primary_db | 184 kB 00:00:00
(2/6): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 61 kB 00:00:00
(3/6): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 44 kB 00:00:00
(4/6): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 6.8 MB 00:00:00
(5/6): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.5 MB 00:00:00
(6/6): elrepo/primary_db | 333 kB 00:00:01
Resolving Dependencies
Installed:
docker.x86_64 2:1.13.1-96.gitb2f74b2.el7.centos
Dependency Installed:
PyYAML.x86_64 0:3.10-11.el7 atomic-registries.x86_64 1:1.22.1-26.gitb507039.el7.centos
audit-libs-python.x86_64 0:2.8.4-4.el7 checkpolicy.x86_64 0:2.5-8.el7
container-selinux.noarch 2:2.99-1.el7_6 container-storage-setup.noarch 0:0.11.0-2.git5eaf76c.el7
containers-common.x86_64 1:0.1.35-2.git404c5bd.el7.centos device-mapper-event.x86_64 7:1.02.149-10.el7_6.8
device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.149-10.el7_6.8 device-mapper-persistent-data.x86_64 0:0.7.3-3.el7
docker-client.x86_64 2:1.13.1-96.gitb2f74b2.el7.centos docker-common.x86_64 2:1.13.1-96.gitb2f74b2.el7.centos
libcgroup.x86_64 0:0.41-20.el7 libsemanage-python.x86_64 0:2.5-14.el7
lvm2.x86_64 7:2.02.180-10.el7_6.8 lvm2-libs.x86_64 7:2.02.180-10.el7_6.8
oci-register-machine.x86_64 1:0-6.git2b44233.el7 oci-systemd-hook.x86_64 1:0.2.0-1.git05e6923.el7_6
oci-umount.x86_64 2:2.3.4-2.git87f9237.el7 policycoreutils-python.x86_64 0:2.5-29.el7_6.1
python-IPy.noarch 0:0.75-6.el7 python-pytoml.noarch 0:0.1.14-1.git7dea353.el7
selinux-policy.noarch 0:3.13.1-229.el7_6.12 selinux-policy-targeted.noarch 0:3.13.1-229.el7_6.12
setools-libs.x86_64 0:3.3.8-4.el7 subscription-manager-rhsm-certificates.x86_64 0:1.21.10-3.el7.centos
yajl.x86_64 0:2.0.4-4.el7
Dependency Updated:
audit-libs.x86_64 0:2.8.4-4.el7 device-mapper.x86_64 7:1.02.149-10.el7_6.8 device-mapper-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.149-10.el7_6.8
libselinux.x86_64 0:2.5-14.1.el7 libselinux-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-14.1.el7 libselinux-python.x86_64 0:2.5-14.1.el7
libselinux-utils.x86_64 0:2.5-14.1.el7 libsemanage.x86_64 0:2.5-14.el7 libsepol.x86_64 0:2.5-10.el7
libsepol-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-10.el7 policycoreutils.x86_64 0:2.5-29.el7_6.1
Complete!
[root@kevin ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@kevin ~]# systemctl enable docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
[root@kevin ~]# docker version
Client:
Version: 1.13.1
API version: 1.26
Package version: docker-1.13.1-96.gitb2f74b2.el7.centos.x86_64
Go version: go1.10.3
Git commit: b2f74b2/1.13.1
Built: Wed May 1 14:55:20 2019
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Server:
Version: 1.13.1
API version: 1.26 (minimum version 1.12)
Package version: docker-1.13.1-96.gitb2f74b2.el7.centos.x86_64
Go version: go1.10.3
Git commit: b2f74b2/1.13.1
Built: Wed May 1 14:55:20 2019
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false
[root@kevin ~]# systemctl start docker.serviceDocker 镜像管理
# 搜索所有centos的docker镜像
[root@kevin ~]# docker search centos
INDEX NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
docker.io docker.io/centos The official build of CentOS. 5470 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/ansible/centos7-ansible Ansible on Centos7 122 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/jdeathe/centos-ssh CentOS-6 6.10 x86_64 / CentOS-7 7.6.1810 x... 110 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/consol/centos-xfce-vnc Centos container with "headless" VNC sessi... 93 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/centos/mysql-57-centos7 MySQL 5.7 SQL database server 59
docker.io docker.io/imagine10255/centos6-lnmp-php56 centos6-lnmp-php56 57 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/tutum/centos Simple CentOS docker image with SSH access 44
docker.io docker.io/centos/postgresql-96-centos7 PostgreSQL is an advanced Object-Relationa... 39
docker.io docker.io/kinogmt/centos-ssh CentOS with SSH 28 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/centos/php-56-centos7 Platform for building and running PHP 5.6 ... 21
docker.io docker.io/pivotaldata/centos-gpdb-dev CentOS image for GPDB development. Tag nam... 10
docker.io docker.io/guyton/centos6 From official centos6 container with full ... 9 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/drecom/centos-ruby centos ruby 6 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/darksheer/centos Base Centos Image -- Updated hourly 3 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/mamohr/centos-java Oracle Java 8 Docker image based on Centos 7 3 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/pivotaldata/centos Base centos, freshened up a little with a ... 3
docker.io docker.io/miko2u/centos6 CentOS6 日本語環境 2 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/pivotaldata/centos-gcc-toolchain CentOS with a toolchain, but unaffiliated ... 2
docker.io docker.io/pivotaldata/centos-mingw Using the mingw toolchain to cross-compile... 2
docker.io docker.io/blacklabelops/centos CentOS Base Image! Built and Updates Daily! 1 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/indigo/centos-maven Vanilla CentOS 7 with Oracle Java Developm... 1 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/mcnaughton/centos-base centos base image 1 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/pivotaldata/centos6.8-dev CentosOS 6.8 image for GPDB development 0
docker.io docker.io/pivotaldata/centos7-dev CentosOS 7 image for GPDB development 0
docker.io docker.io/smartentry/centos centos with smartentry 0 [OK]
#可以使用docker pull命令来从仓库获取所需要的镜像。下面的例子将从Docker Hub仓库下载一个Centos操作系统的镜像。
[root@kevin ~]# docker pull centos
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/centos ...
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/centos
8ba884070f61: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:a799dd8a2ded4a83484bbae769d97655392b3f86533ceb7dd96bbac929809f3c
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/centos:latest
# 完成后可以使用该镜像创建一个容器
[root@kevin ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@c9d43130e231 /]# ls
anaconda-post.log bin dev etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
[root@c9d43130e231 /]# exit
exit
# 镜像的ID唯一标识了镜像，如果ID相同,说明是同一镜像。TAG信息来区分不同发行版本，如果不指定具体标记,默认使用latest标记信息。
# 查看docker镜像
[root@kevin ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/centos latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202 MB
# 如果要移除本地的镜像,可以使用docker rmi命令(在删除镜像之前先用docker rm删除依赖于这个镜像的所有容器)。注意docker rm 命令是移除容器。
[root@kevin ~]# docker rmi 9f38484d220f # 删除docker镜像# 如果要导出镜像到本地文件,可以使用docker save命令。
[root@kevin ~]# docker save centos > /opt/centos.tar.gz # 导出docker镜像至本地
[root@kevin ~]# ls -l /opt/centos.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 208301056 July 30 14:48 /opt/centos.tar.gz
[root@kevin ~]# du -sh /opt/centos.tar.gz
202M /opt/centos.tar.gz
# 可以使用docker load从本地文件中导入到本地docker镜像库
[root@kevin ~]# docker load < /opt/centos.tar.gz # 导入本地镜像到docker镜像库
Loaded image: docker.io/centos:latest