Linux环境PHP7.0安装
注意：之前版本的php7中文乱码的bug最近才修复，最新版以及可以使用。
参考：http://php.net/ChangeLog-7.php#7.0.12
https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=72414
PHP7和HHVM比较
PHP7的在真实场景的性能确实已经和HHVM相当, 在一些场景甚至超过了HHVM。HHVM的运维复杂, 是多线程模型, 这就代表着如果一个线程导致crash了, 那么整个服务就挂了, 并且它不会自动重启。另外它采用JIT, 那么意味着, 重启以后要预热, 没有预热的情况下, 性能较为糟糕。并且多线程模型调试困难, 这对于追求稳定来说的Web服务来说, 是非常不适合的。
Nginx以及PHP7.0之前的版本可以参考此文：Linux环境Nginx安装与调试以及PHP安装
PHP7.0正式版预计在2015年10月份左右发布，目前是PHP7.0 beta3版本
linux版本：64位CentOS 6.6
Nginx版本：nginx1.8.0
php版本：php-7.0.2
下载
# wget http://php.net/get/php-7.0.2.tar.gz/from/a/mirror
建议安装之前先看看安装帮助文件
INSTALL
解压安装
#
tar zxvf php-7.0.2.tar.gz
#
cd php-7.0.2
首先查看安装帮助
#
./configure --help
#
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-curl \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-gd \
--with-gettext \
--with-iconv-dir \
--with-kerberos \
--with-libdir=lib64 \
--with-libxml-dir \
--with-mysqli \
--with-openssl \
--with-pcre-regex \
--with-pdo-mysql \
--with-pdo-sqlite \
--with-pear \
--with-png-dir \
--with-xmlrpc \
--with-xsl \
--with-zlib \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-libxml \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--enable-gd-native-ttf \
--enable-mbregex \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-opcache \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-soap \
--enable-sockets \
--enable-sysvsem \
--enable-xml \
--enable-zip
--with-curl \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-gd \
--with-gettext \
--with-iconv-dir \
--with-kerberos \
--with-libdir=lib64 \
--with-libxml-dir \
--with-mysqli \
--with-openssl \
--with-pcre-regex \
--with-pdo-mysql \
--with-pdo-sqlite \
--with-pear \
--with-png-dir \
--with-xmlrpc \
--with-xsl \
--with-zlib \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-libxml \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--enable-gd-native-ttf \
--enable-mbregex \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-opcache \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-soap \
--enable-sockets \
--enable-sysvsem \
--enable-xml \
--enable-zip
如果配置错误，需要安装需要的模块，直接yum一并安装依赖库
# yum -y install libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel mysql pcre-devel
注意：安装php7beta3的时候有几处配置不过去，需要yum一下，现在php-7.0.2已经不用这样了。
#
yum -y install curl-devel
#
yum -y install libxslt-devel
编译安装
#
make && make install
配置文件
#
cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
#
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
#
cp -R ./sapi/fpm/php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
需要注意的是php7中www.conf这个配置文件配置phpfpm的端口号等信息，如果你修改默认的9000端口号需在这里改，再改nginx的配置
启动
# /etc/init.d/php-fpm
# /etc/init.d/php-fpm
查看phpinfo()
php7和php5性能分析比较
PHP 5.4.44 版
[root@localhost www5.4.44]# time /usr/local/php5.4.44/bin/php search_by_key.php
real 0m0.351s
user 0m0.300s
sys 0m0.050s
[root@localhost www5.4.44]# time /usr/local/php5.4.44/bin/php search_by_key.php
real 0m0.351s
user 0m0.300s
sys 0m0.050s
PHP 5.5.28 版
[root@localhost www]# time /usr/local/php/bin/php search_by_key.php
real 0m0.361s
user 0m0.304s
sys 0m0.057s
PHP 7.0.0 版
[root@localhost www7]# time /usr/local/php7/bin/php search_by_key.php
real 0m0.114s
user 0m0.097s
sys 0m0.017s
很明显php7的性能是php5的3倍！
配置opcache
官网地址：http://php.net/opcache
官网地址：http://php.net/opcache
使用下列推荐设置来获得较好的 性能：
opcache.memory_consumption=128 opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8 opcache.max_accelerated_files=4000 opcache.revalidate_freq=60 opcache.fast_shutdown=1 opcache.enable_cli=1
你也可以禁用 opcache.save_comments 并且启用 opcache.enable_file_override。 需要提醒的是，在生产环境中使用上述配置之前，必须经过严格测试。 因为上述配置存在一个已知问题，它会引发一些框架和应用的异常， 尤其是在存在文档使用了备注注解的时候。
vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini
# 加入
zend_extension=/usr/local/php7/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20141001/opcache.so
# 加入
zend_extension=/usr/local/php7/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20141001/opcache.so
重启
# killall php-fpm
# /etc/init.d/php-fpm
如果上图不太明白，可以使用文末Opcache 状态测试代码(https://gist.github.com/ck-on/4959032)进行演示：
Opcache 状态测试代码(https://gist.github.com/ck-on/4959032)进行演示：
1 || php_sapi_name()=='cli' || empty($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']) ) { die; } // weak block against indirect access
$time=time();
define('CACHEPREFIX',function_exists('opcache_reset')?'opcache_':(function_exists('accelerator_reset')?'accelerator_':''));
if ( !empty($_GET['RESET']) ) {
if ( function_exists(CACHEPREFIX.'reset') ) { call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'reset'); }
header( 'Location: '.str_replace('?'.$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'],'',$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']) );
exit;
}
if ( !empty($_GET['RECHECK']) ) {
if ( function_exists(CACHEPREFIX.'invalidate') ) {
$recheck=trim($_GET['RECHECK']); $files=call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'get_status');
if (!empty($files['scripts'])) {
foreach ($files['scripts'] as $file=>$value) {
if ( $recheck==='1' || strpos($file,$recheck)===0 ) call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'invalidate',$file);
}
}
header( 'Location: '.str_replace('?'.$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'],'',$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']) );
} else { echo 'Sorry, this feature requires Zend Opcache newer than April 8th 2013'; }
exit;
}
?>
OCP - Opcache Control Panel
Opcache Control Panel
Opcache not detected?'; die; }
if ( !empty($_GET['FILES']) ) { echo 'files cached
'; files_display(); echo ''; exit; }
if ( !(isset($_REQUEST['GRAPHS']) && !$_REQUEST['GRAPHS']) && CACHEPREFIX=='opcache_') { graphs_display(); if ( !empty($_REQUEST['GRAPHS']) ) { exit; } }
ob_start(); phpinfo(8); $phpinfo = ob_get_contents(); ob_end_clean(); // some info is only available via phpinfo? sadly buffering capture has to be used
if ( !preg_match( '/module\_Zend (Optimizer\+|OPcache).+?(\]*\>.+?\<\/table\>).+?(\]*\>.+?\<\/table\>)/s', $phpinfo, $opcache) ) { } // todo
if ( function_exists(CACHEPREFIX.'get_configuration') ) { echo 'general
'; $configuration=call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'get_configuration'); }
$host=function_exists('gethostname')?@gethostname():@php_uname('n'); if (empty($host)) { $host=empty($_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'])?$_SERVER['HOST_NAME']:$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME']; }
$version=array('Host'=>$host);
$version['PHP Version']='PHP '.(defined('PHP_VERSION')?PHP_VERSION:'???').' '.(defined('PHP_SAPI')?PHP_SAPI:'').' '.(defined('PHP_OS')?' '.PHP_OS:'');
$version['Opcache Version']=empty($configuration['version']['version'])?'???':$configuration['version'][CACHEPREFIX.'product_name'].' '.$configuration['version']['version'];
print_table($version);
if ( !empty($opcache[2]) ) { echo preg_replace('/\\[^>]+\<\/td\>\[0-9\,\. ]+\<\/td\>\<\/tr\>/','',$opcache[2]); }
if ( function_exists(CACHEPREFIX.'get_status') && $status=call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'get_status') ) {
$uptime=array();
if ( !empty($status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['start_time']) ) {
$uptime['uptime']=time_since($time,$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['start_time'],1,'');
}
if ( !empty($status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['last_restart_time']) ) {
$uptime['last_restart']=time_since($time,$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['last_restart_time']);
}
if (!empty($uptime)) {print_table($uptime);}
if ( !empty($status['cache_full']) ) { $status['memory_usage']['cache_full']=$status['cache_full']; }
echo 'memory
';
print_table($status['memory_usage']);
unset($status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['start_time'],$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['last_restart_time']);
echo 'statistics
';
print_table($status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']);
}
if ( empty($_GET['ALL']) ) { meta_display(); exit; }
if ( !empty($configuration['blacklist']) ) { echo 'blacklist
'; print_table($configuration['blacklist']); }
if ( !empty($opcache[3]) ) { echo 'runtime
'; echo $opcache[3]; }
$name='zend opcache'; $functions=get_extension_funcs($name);
if (!$functions) { $name='zend optimizer+'; $functions=get_extension_funcs($name); }
if ($functions) { echo 'functions
'; print_table($functions); } else { $name=''; }
$level=trim(CACHEPREFIX,'_').'.optimization_level';
if (isset($configuration['directives'][$level])) {
echo 'optimization levels
';
$levelset=strrev(base_convert($configuration['directives'][$level], 10, 2));
$levels=array(
1=>'Constants subexpressions elimination (CSE) true, false, null, etc.
Optimize series of ADD_STRING / ADD_CHAR
Convert CAST(IS_BOOL,x) into BOOL(x)
Convert INIT_FCALL_BY_NAME + DO_FCALL_BY_NAME into DO_FCALL',
2=>'Convert constant operands to expected types
Convert conditional JMP with constant operands
Optimize static BRK and CONT',
3=>'Convert $a = $a + expr into $a += expr
Convert $a++ into ++$a
Optimize series of JMP',
4=>'PRINT and ECHO optimization (defunct)',
5=>'Block Optimization - most expensive pass
Performs many different optimization patterns based on control flow graph (CFG)',
9=>'Optimize register allocation (allows re-usage of temporary variables)',
10=>'Remove NOPs'
);
echo '';
foreach ($levels as $pass=>$description) {
$disabled=substr($levelset,$pass-1,1)!=='1' || $pass==4 ? ' white':'';
echo '';
}
echo 'Pass Description '.$pass.' '.$description.'
';
}
if ( isset($_GET['DUMP']) ) {
if ($name) { echo 'ini
'; print_table(ini_get_all($name,true)); }
foreach ($configuration as $key=>$value) { echo '',$key,'
'; print_table($configuration[$key]); }
exit;
}
meta_display();
echo ' ';
exit;
function time_since($time,$original,$extended=0,$text='ago') {
$time = $time - $original;
$day = $extended? floor($time/86400) : round($time/86400,0);
$amount=0; $unit='';
if ( $time < 86400) {
if ( $time < 60) { $amount=$time; $unit='second'; }
elseif ( $time < 3600) { $amount=floor($time/60); $unit='minute'; }
else { $amount=floor($time/3600); $unit='hour'; }
}
elseif ( $day < 14) { $amount=$day; $unit='day'; }
elseif ( $day < 56) { $amount=floor($day/7); $unit='week'; }
elseif ( $day < 672) { $amount=floor($day/30); $unit='month'; }
else { $amount=intval(2*($day/365))/2; $unit='year'; }
if ( $amount!=1) {$unit.='s';}
if ($extended && $time>60) { $text=' and '.time_since($time,$time<86400?($time<3600?$amount*60:$amount*3600):$day*86400,0,'').$text; }
return $amount.' '.$unit.' '.$text;
}
function print_table($array,$headers=false) {
if ( empty($array) || !is_array($array) ) {return;}
echo '';
if (!empty($headers)) {
if (!is_array($headers)) {$headers=array_keys(reset($array));}
echo '';
foreach ($headers as $value) { echo ''; }
echo '';
}
foreach ($array as $key=>$value) {
echo '';
if ( !is_numeric($key) ) {
$key=ucwords(str_replace('_',' ',$key));
echo '';
if ( is_numeric($value) ) {
if ( $value>1048576) { $value=round($value/1048576,1).'M'; }
elseif ( is_float($value) ) { $value=round($value,1); }
}
}
if ( is_array($value) ) {
foreach ($value as $column) {
echo '';
}
echo '';
}
else { echo ''; }
}
echo '',$value,' ',$key,' ',$column,' ',$value,'
';
}
function files_display() {
$status=call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'get_status');
if ( empty($status['scripts']) ) {return;}
if ( isset($_GET['DUMP']) ) { print_table($status['scripts']); exit;}
$time=time(); $sort=0;
$nogroup=preg_replace('/\&?GROUP\=[\-0-9]+/','',$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
$nosort=preg_replace('/\&?SORT\=[\-0-9]+/','',$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
$group=empty($_GET['GROUP'])?0:intval($_GET['GROUP']); if ( $group<0 || $group>9) { $group=1;}
$groupset=array_fill(0,9,''); $groupset[$group]=' class="b" ';
echo '';
if ( !$group ) { $files =& $status['scripts']; }
else {
$files=array();
foreach ($status['scripts'] as $data) {
if ( preg_match('@^[/]([^/]+[/]){'.$group.'}@',$data['full_path'],$path) ) {
if ( empty($files[$path[0]])) { $files[$path[0]]=array('full_path'=>'','files'=>0,'hits'=>0,'memory_consumption'=>0,'last_used_timestamp'=>'','timestamp'=>''); }
$files[$path[0]]['full_path']=$path[0];
$files[$path[0]]['files']++;
$files[$path[0]]['memory_consumption']+=$data['memory_consumption'];
$files[$path[0]]['hits']+=$data['hits'];
if ( $data['last_used_timestamp']>$files[$path[0]]['last_used_timestamp']) {$files[$path[0]]['last_used_timestamp']=$data['last_used_timestamp'];}
if ( $data['timestamp']>$files[$path[0]]['timestamp']) {$files[$path[0]]['timestamp']=$data['timestamp'];}
}
}
}
if ( !empty($_GET['SORT']) ) {
$keys=array(
'full_path'=>SORT_STRING,
'files'=>SORT_NUMERIC,
'memory_consumption'=>SORT_NUMERIC,
'hits'=>SORT_NUMERIC,
'last_used_timestamp'=>SORT_NUMERIC,
'timestamp'=>SORT_NUMERIC
);
$titles=array('','path',$group?'files':'','size','hits','last used','created');
$offsets=array_keys($keys);
$key=intval($_GET['SORT']);
$direction=$key>0?1:-1;
$key=abs($key)-1;
$key=isset($offsets[$key])&&!($key==1&&empty($group))?$offsets[$key]:reset($offsets);
$sort=array_search($key,$offsets)+1;
$sortflip=range(0,7); $sortflip[$sort]=-$direction*$sort;
if ( $keys[$key]==SORT_STRING) {$direction=-$direction; }
$arrow=array_fill(0,7,''); $arrow[$sort]=$direction>0?' ▼':' ▲';
$direction=$direction>0?SORT_DESC:SORT_ASC;
$column=array(); foreach ($files as $data) { $column[]=$data[$key]; }
array_multisort($column, $keys[$key], $direction, $files);
}
echo '';
foreach ($titles as $column=>$title) {
if ($title) echo '';
}
echo ' ';
foreach ($files as $data) {
echo '',
($group?'':''),
'',
'',
'',
'';
}
echo '
',$title,$arrow[$column],'
x',$data['full_path'],' '.number_format($data['files']).' ',number_format(round($data['memory_consumption']/1024)),'K ',number_format($data['hits']),' ',time_since($time,$data['last_used_timestamp']),' ',empty($data['timestamp'])?'':time_since($time,$data['timestamp']),'
';
}
function graphs_display() {
$graphs=array();
$colors=array('green','brown','red');
$primes=array(223, 463, 983, 1979, 3907, 7963, 16229, 32531, 65407, 130987);
$configuration=call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'get_configuration');
$status=call_user_func(CACHEPREFIX.'get_status');
$graphs['memory']['total']=$configuration['directives']['opcache.memory_consumption'];
$graphs['memory']['free']=$status['memory_usage']['free_memory'];
$graphs['memory']['used']=$status['memory_usage']['used_memory'];
$graphs['memory']['wasted']=$status['memory_usage']['wasted_memory'];
$graphs['keys']['total']=$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['max_cached_keys'];
foreach ($primes as $prime) { if ($prime>=$graphs['keys']['total']) { $graphs['keys']['total']=$prime; break;} }
$graphs['keys']['free']=$graphs['keys']['total']-$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['num_cached_keys'];
$graphs['keys']['scripts']=$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['num_cached_scripts'];
$graphs['keys']['wasted']=$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['num_cached_keys']-$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['num_cached_scripts'];
$graphs['hits']['total']=0;
$graphs['hits']['hits']=$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['hits'];
$graphs['hits']['misses']=$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['misses'];
$graphs['hits']['blacklist']=$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['blacklist_misses'];
$graphs['hits']['total']=array_sum($graphs['hits']);
$graphs['restarts']['total']=0;
$graphs['restarts']['manual']=$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['manual_restarts'];
$graphs['restarts']['keys']=$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['hash_restarts'];
$graphs['restarts']['memory']=$status[CACHEPREFIX.'statistics']['oom_restarts'];
$graphs['restarts']['total']=array_sum($graphs['restarts']);
foreach ( $graphs as $caption=>$graph) {
echo '',$caption,'';
foreach ($graph as $label=>$value) {
if ($label=='total') { $key=0; $total=$value; $totaldisplay=''; continue;}
$percent=$total?floor($value*100/$total):''; $percent=!$percent||$percent>99?'':$percent.'%';
echo '',$totaldisplay,'';
$key++; $totaldisplay='';
}
echo ''.($total>999999?round($total/1024/1024).'M':($total>9999?round($total/1024).'K':$total)).' ', ($value>999999?round($value/1024/1024).'M':($value>9999?round($value/1024).'K':$value)),' ',$percent,' ',$label,'
',"\n";
}
}
function meta_display() {
?>
参考：
PHP7 VS HHVM (WordPress)
PHP7和HHVM的性能之争
PHP7安装笔记
CentOS 7.1编译安装PHP7 写的比较好
PHP 7 ，你值得拥有 测试方法
PHP官方的新一代PHP加速插件ZendOpcache
php中的脚本加速扩展opcache