当初次安装完mysql后，可以免口令直接登陆mysql。
[root@plinuxos ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
更改口令
1、更改PATH，增加MySQL路径
[root@plinuxos ~]# export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/ [root@plinuxos ~]# mysql -uroot Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
这样，可以直接通过mysql命令登陆，而不再需要写绝对路径。如果要想永久生效，必须要添加到profile配置中。
2、设置密码
[root@plinuxos ~]# mysqladmin -uroot password '123456' Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. [root@plinuxos ~]# mysql -uroot ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) [root@plinuxos ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 5 Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
3、修改密码
[root@plinuxos ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 password 'abcdefg' Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. [root@plinuxos ~]# mysql -uroot -pabcdefg Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 7 Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
4、忘记密码时，重置密码
[root@plinuxos ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
skip-grant ##新增该行，跳过授权
......
[root@plinuxos ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@plinuxos ~]# mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> update user set password=password('88888888') where user='root';
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 4 Changed: 4 Warnings: 0
mysql> select password from user where user='root';
+-------------------------------------------+
| password |
+-------------------------------------------+
| *CB4AD0A70FCCF86E95DB2214F209ACB191DB847B |
| *CB4AD0A70FCCF86E95DB2214F209ACB191DB847B |
| *CB4AD0A70FCCF86E95DB2214F209ACB191DB847B |
| *CB4AD0A70FCCF86E95DB2214F209ACB191DB847B |
+-------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit;
Bye
[root@plinuxos ~]# mysql -uroot -p88888888
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
连接MySQL
1、远程连接MySQL数据库
[root@plinuxos ~]# mysql -uroot -p88888888 Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> exit; Bye [root@plinuxos ~]# mysql -uroot -p88888888 -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 4 Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
2、使用socket连接数据库
[root@plinuxos ~]# mysql -uroot -p88888888 -S/tmp/mysql.sock Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 5 Server version: 5.6.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
3、数据库外快速执行命令
[root@plinuxos ~]# mysql -uroot -p88888888 -e "show databases" Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+
常用命令
mysql> show databases; ##显示数据库 mysql> use mysql; ##切换数据库 mysql> show tables; ##显示表 mysql> desc columns_priv; ##查看columns_priv表 mysql> show create table columns_priv\G; ##查看columns_priv的创建语句 mysql> select user(); ##查看当前登陆用户 mysql> select database(); ##查看当前数据库 mysql> create database db1; ##创建数据库db1 mysql> use db1;create table t1(`id` int(4),`name` char(40)); ##创建数据库和表 mysql> drop table t1; ##删除表 mysql> select version(); ##查看mysql版本 mysql> show status; ##查看数据库状态 mysql> show variables; ##查看参数 mysql> show variables like 'max_connect%'; ##模糊查询参数 mysql> set global max_connect_errors=1000;##修改参数的值，若要永久生效，在/etc/my.cnf配置 mysql> show processlist; ##查看队列 mysql> show full processlist; ##查看完整的队列信息