hive启动报错：Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: The root scratch dir: /tmp/hive on HDFS should be

[root@slave bin]# ./hive
17/02/17 23:27:57 WARN conf.HiveConf: HiveConf of name hive.metastore.local does not exist
Logging initialized using configuration in file:/home/hadoop/hive-1.2.1/conf/hive-log4j.properties
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:522)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:677
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.getProxy(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:132)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.getProxy(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:104)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.createMetaStoreClient(Hive.java:3005)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.getMSC(Hive.java:3024)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:503)
... 8 more
...
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.MetaStoreUtils.newInstance(MetaStoreUtils.java:1521)
... 14 more
Caused by: MetaException(message:Could not connect to meta store using any of the URIs provided. Most recent failure: org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused (Connection refused)
at org.apache.thrift.transport.TSocket.open(TSocket.java:187)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStoreClient.open(HiveMetaStoreClient.java:420)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStoreClient.(HiveMetaStoreClient.java:236)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient.(SessionHiveMetaStoreClient.java:74)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.MetaStoreUtils.newInstance(MetaStoreUtils.java:1521)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:86)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.getProxy(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:132)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.getProxy(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:104)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.createMetaStoreClient(Hive.java:3005)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.getMSC(Hive.java:3024)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:503)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:677)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:621)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:221)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:136)
Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused (Connection refused)
at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)
at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:350)
at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:206)
at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:188)
at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:392)
at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:589)
at org.apache.thrift.transport.TSocket.open(TSocket.java:182)
... 22 more
)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStoreClient.open(HiveMetaStoreClient.java:466)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStoreClient.(HiveMetaStoreClient.java:236)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient.(SessionHiveMetaStoreClient.java:74)
... 19 more

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[root@slave bin]# ./hive
17/02/17 23:49:59 WARN conf.HiveConf: HiveConf of name hive.metastore.local does not exist
Logging initialized using configuration in file:/home/hadoop/hive-1.2.1/conf/hive-log4j.properties
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: The root scratch dir: /tmp/hive on HDFS should be writable. Current permissions are: rwxr-xr-x
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:522)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:677)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:621)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:221)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:136)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: The root scratch dir: /tmp/hive on HDFS should be writable. Current permissions are: rwxr-xr-x
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.createRootHDFSDir(SessionState.java:612)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.createSessionDirs(SessionState.java:554)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:508)
... 8 more

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问题分析：
从报错中看到应该是跟权限有关系，搜索了相关文档，基本可以肯定是权限问题。

解决方法：
将/tmp/hive置为777权限

[root@slave bin]# ./hive --service metastore &
[1] 11216
Starting Hive Metastore Server
17/02/17 23:48:47 WARN conf.HiveConf: HiveConf of name hive.metastore.local does not exist
[root@slave bin]# ./hive --service hiveserver &
[2] 11294
Starting Hive Thrift Server

[root@slave ~]# hadoop fs -ls /
Found 2 items
drwxr-xr-x   - root supergroup          0 2017-02-17 22:46 /tmp
drwxr-xr-x   - root supergroup          0 2017-02-17 22:29 /user

[root@slave ~]# hadoop fs -chmod 777 /user
[root@slave ~]# hadoop fs -chmod 777 /user/hive
[root@slave ~]# hadoop fs -chmod 777 /user/hive/warehouse
[root@slave ~]# hadoop fs -ls /
Found 2 items
drwxrwxrwx   - root supergroup          0 2017-02-17 22:46 /tmp
drwxrwxrwx   - root supergroup          0 2017-02-17 22:29 /user
[root@slave ~]# hadoop fs -ls /user
Found 1 items
drwxrwxrwx   - root supergroup          0 2017-02-17 22:31 /user/hive
[root@slave ~]# hadoop fs -ls /user/hive
Found 1 items
drwxrwxrwx   - root supergroup          0 2017-02-17 22:31 /user/hive/warehouse

弄完权限后：再次启动hive：

[root@slave bin]# ./hive
17/02/18 00:10:00 WARN conf.HiveConf: HiveConf of name hive.metastore.local does not exist
Logging initialized using configuration in file:/home/hadoop/hive-1.2.1/conf/hive-log4j.properties
hive> show databases;
OK
default
Time taken: 1.699 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)
hive> create database h_test;
OK
Time taken: 0.132 seconds
hive> use h_test;
OK
Time taken: 0.077 seconds
hive> create table a(
    > id int,name string);
OK
Time taken: 0.924 seconds
hive> show tables;
OK
a

Time taken: 0.111 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)

是真tmd不容易！