postgresql+postgis空间数据库安装总结
参考资料
postgresql+postgis安装步骤图解
http://blog.csdn.net/u010166404/article/details/51119587
PHP连接postgresql
https://www.cnblogs.com/FlyFive/archive/2013/03/11/2954686.html
pgsql安装步骤：
pgsql安装包直接安装即可（安装完成后自动提醒postgis），安装过程的设置可以按照上面的网址进行
注意事项：
1.安装过程中注意修改安装文件位置（方便之后更改配置）
2.安装后登录名默认是：postgres（密码在安装过程中自己设置）
pgsql配置：
1.设置其他人访问服务器pgsql
安装PostgreSQL数据库之后，默认是只接受本地访问连接，如果想在其他主机上访问PostgreSQL数据库服务器：
第一步：修改pgsql文件夹下的data里面的pg_hba.conf：
# IPv4 local connections:
host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5
# IPv6 local connections:
#host all all 127.0.0.1/32 md5
host all all ::1/128 trust
# Allow replication connections from localhost, by a user with the
# replication privilege.
#host replication postgres 127.0.0.1/32 md5
#host replication postgres ::1/128 md5
第二步：修改pgsql文件夹下的data里面的postgresql.conf：
把#listen_addresses=’localhost’更改为listen_addresses=’*’
第三步：修改防火墙配置，开启5432端口：https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/f96699bbadafca894f3c1b7a.html
如果以上步骤修改后不行，去看下面的网址：
http://blog.csdn.net/zhu_xun/article/details/21234663
2.postgresql的sql管理器执行 如下代码：（为postgresql添加 函数 table_msg，不然无法执行sql语句或者报错）
这条是针对php的
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION pgsql_type(a_type varchar) RETURNS varchar AS
$BODY$
DECLARE
v_type varchar;
BEGIN
IF a_type='int8' THEN
v_type:='bigint';
ELSIF a_type='int4' THEN
v_type:='integer';
ELSIF a_type='int2' THEN
v_type:='smallint';
ELSIF a_type='bpchar' THEN
v_type:='char';
ELSE
v_type:=a_type;
END IF;
RETURN v_type;
END;
$BODY$
LANGUAGE PLPGSQL;
CREATE TYPE "public"."tablestruct" AS (
"fields_key_name" varchar(100),
"fields_name" VARCHAR(200),
"fields_type" VARCHAR(20),
"fields_length" BIGINT,
"fields_not_null" VARCHAR(10),
"fields_default" VARCHAR(500),
"fields_comment" VARCHAR(1000)
);
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."table_msg" (a_schema_name varchar, a_table_name varchar) RETURNS SETOF "public"."tablestruct" AS
$body$
DECLARE
v_ret tablestruct;
v_oid oid;
v_sql varchar;
v_rec RECORD;
v_key varchar;
BEGIN
SELECT
pg_class.oid INTO v_oid
FROM
pg_class
INNER JOIN pg_namespace ON (pg_class.relnamespace = pg_namespace.oid AND lower(pg_namespace.nspname) = a_schema_name)
WHERE
pg_class.relname=a_table_name;
IF NOT FOUND THEN
RETURN;
END IF;
v_sql='
SELECT
pg_attribute.attname AS fields_name,
pg_attribute.attnum AS fields_index,
pgsql_type(pg_type.typname::varchar) AS fields_type,
pg_attribute.atttypmod-4 as fields_length,
CASE WHEN pg_attribute.attnotnull THEN ''not null''
ELSE ''''
END AS fields_not_null,
pg_attrdef.adsrc AS fields_default,
pg_description.description AS fields_comment
FROM
pg_attribute
INNER JOIN pg_class ON pg_attribute.attrelid = pg_class.oid
INNER JOIN pg_type ON pg_attribute.atttypid = pg_type.oid
LEFT OUTER JOIN pg_attrdef ON pg_attrdef.adrelid = pg_class.oid AND pg_attrdef.adnum = pg_attribute.attnum
LEFT OUTER JOIN pg_description ON pg_description.objoid = pg_class.oid AND pg_description.objsubid = pg_attribute.attnum
WHERE
pg_attribute.attnum > 0
AND attisdropped <> ''t''
AND pg_class.oid = ' || v_oid || '
ORDER BY pg_attribute.attnum' ;
FOR v_rec IN EXECUTE v_sql LOOP
v_ret.fields_name=v_rec.fields_name;
v_ret.fields_type=v_rec.fields_type;
IF v_rec.fields_length > 0 THEN
v_ret.fields_length:=v_rec.fields_length;
ELSE
v_ret.fields_length:=NULL;
END IF;
v_ret.fields_not_null=v_rec.fields_not_null;
v_ret.fields_default=v_rec.fields_default;
v_ret.fields_comment=v_rec.fields_comment;
SELECT constraint_name INTO v_key FROM information_schema.key_column_usage WHERE table_schema=a_schema_name AND table_name=a_table_name AND column_name=v_rec.fields_name;
IF FOUND THEN
v_ret.fields_key_name=v_key;
ELSE
v_ret.fields_key_name='';
END IF;
RETURN NEXT v_ret;
END LOOP;
RETURN ;
END;
$body$
LANGUAGE 'plpgsql' VOLATILE CALLED ON NULL INPUT SECURITY INVOKER;
COMMENT ON FUNCTION "public"."table_msg"(a_schema_name varchar, a_table_name varchar)
IS '获得表信息';
---重载一个函数
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION "public"."table_msg" (a_table_name varchar) RETURNS SETOF "public"."tablestruct" AS
$body$
DECLARE
v_ret tablestruct;
BEGIN
FOR v_ret IN SELECT * FROM table_msg('public',a_table_name) LOOP
RETURN NEXT v_ret;
END LOOP;
RETURN;
END;
$body$
LANGUAGE 'plpgsql' VOLATILE CALLED ON NULL INPUT SECURITY INVOKER;
COMMENT ON FUNCTION "public"."table_msg"(a_table_name varchar)
IS '获得表信息';
注意：如果使用的是tp框架需要修改 ThinkPHP\Library\Think\Db\Driver\Pgsql.class.PHP 里的 getFields() 方法，通过转义符把单引号添加
修改为：
$result = $this->query('select fields_name as "field",fields_type as "type",fields_not_null as "null",fields_key_name as "key",fields_default as "default",fields_default as "extra" from table_msg(\''.$tableName.'\');');
3.如果当前使用的数据库是PostgreSQL 9.1+，那就无需使用template_postgis之类的模版数据库来创建空间数据库
使用一条扩展命令SQL即可令数据库支持，在pgAdmin中打开SQL视图，输入并执行：
CREATE EXTENSION postgis;
执行成功后就开启了pgsql对空间字段的支持