随记--Redhat7.6在x86环境下安装gcc与g++编译环境
目录
一、GCC与G++
二、检查是否已安装
三、安装GCC与G++
第一步：需要的安装包
第二步：安装
一、GCC与G++
GCC 与G++ :
gcc 起初是指 GNU C Compiler，就是一个c编译器。但是后来因为这个项目里边集成了许多其他不同语言的编译器，GCC就代表 the GNU Compiler Collection，所以表示一堆编译器的合集。
g++则是GCC的c++编译器。
二、检查是否已安装
验证redhat系统中是否有gcc与g++
[root@localhost cfiles]# gcc -v
bash: gcc: command not found...
[root@localhost cfiles]# g++ -v
bash: g++: command not found...
如上可以看到，没有gcc与g++的编译环境。如果已安装了这些环境，执行命令如下效果：
[root@localhost gcc]# gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.5/lto-wrapper
Target: x86_64-redhat-linux
Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-bootstrap --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-linker-build-id --with-linker-hash-style=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada,go,lto --enable-plugin --enable-initfini-array --disable-libgcj --with-isl=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/isl-install --with-cloog=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/cloog-install --enable-gnu-indirect-function --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=x86-64 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36) (GCC)
[root@localhost gcc]# g++ -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=g++
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.5/lto-wrapper
Target: x86_64-redhat-linux
Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-bootstrap --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-linker-build-id --with-linker-hash-style=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada,go,lto --enable-plugin --enable-initfini-array --disable-libgcj --with-isl=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/isl-install --with-cloog=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/cloog-install --enable-gnu-indirect-function --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=x86-64 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36) (GCC) 可以看到版本、安装位置等信息。
三、安装GCC与G++
第一步：需要的安装包
kernel-headers-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64.rpm
glibc-headers-2.17-260.el7.x86_64.rpm
glibc-devel-2.17-260.el7.x86_64.rpm
cpp-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64.rpm
binutils-2.27-34.base.el7.x86_64.rpm
gcc-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64.rpm ---GCC安装包
libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64.rpm
gcc-c++-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64.rpm ----G++安装包
上述安装及依赖包都可以在redhat7.6的镜像文件中找到
第二步：安装
使用 rpm -ivh 安装包XXX.rpm 进行安装，执行顺序如上安装包顺序从上到下依次执行
[root@localhost gcc]# ll
total 47568
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6189388 Apr 27 09:36 binutils-2.27-34.base.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6240300 Apr 27 09:36 cpp-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 16974492 Apr 27 09:36 gcc-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7532800 Apr 27 09:36 gcc-c++-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1120840 Apr 27 09:36 glibc-devel-2.17-260.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 699448 Apr 27 09:36 glibc-headers-2.17-260.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8355248 Apr 27 09:36 kernel-headers-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1580084 Apr 27 09:36 libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost gcc]# rpm -ivh kernel-headers-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: kernel-headers-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:kernel-headers-3.10.0-957.el7 ################################# [100%]
[root@localhost gcc]# rpm -ivh glibc-headers-2.17-260.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: glibc-headers-2.17-260.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:glibc-headers-2.17-260.el7 ################################# [100%]
[root@localhost gcc]# rpm -ivh glibc-devel-2.17-260.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: glibc-devel-2.17-260.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:glibc-devel-2.17-260.el7 ################################# [100%]
[root@localhost gcc]# rpm -ivh cpp-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: cpp-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:cpp-4.8.5-36.el7 ################################# [100%]
[root@localhost gcc]# rpm -ivh binutils-2.27-34.base.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: binutils-2.27-34.base.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
package binutils-2.27-34.base.el7.x86_64 is already installed
[root@localhost gcc]# rpm -ivh gcc-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: gcc-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:gcc-4.8.5-36.el7 ################################# [100%]
[root@localhost gcc]# gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.5/lto-wrapper
Target: x86_64-redhat-linux
Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-bootstrap --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-linker-build-id --with-linker-hash-style=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada,go,lto --enable-plugin --enable-initfini-array --disable-libgcj --with-isl=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/isl-install --with-cloog=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/cloog-install --enable-gnu-indirect-function --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=x86-64 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36) (GCC)
[root@localhost gcc]# rpm -ivh libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-36.el7 ################################# [100%]
[root@localhost gcc]# rpm -ivh gcc-c++-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: gcc-c++-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:gcc-c++-4.8.5-36.el7 ################################# [100%]
[root@localhost gcc]# g++ -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=g++
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.5/lto-wrapper
Target: x86_64-redhat-linux
Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-bootstrap --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-linker-build-id --with-linker-hash-style=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada,go,lto --enable-plugin --enable-initfini-array --disable-libgcj --with-isl=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/isl-install --with-cloog=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/cloog-install --enable-gnu-indirect-function --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=x86-64 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36) (GCC)
[root@localhost gcc]#如果安装过程中出现类似如下的错误：
[root@localhost gcc]# rpm -ivh gcc-c++-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: gcc-c++-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libstdc++-devel = 4.8.5-36.el7 is needed by gcc-c++-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64
这个错误是安装gcc-c++-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64是需要依赖libstdc++-devel，所以先找到libstdc++-devel的安装包将libstdc++-devel安装好，在安装gcc-c++-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64即可。
error: Failed dependencies:
被依赖的软件 = 版本号 is needed by 安装的软件
只需要安装好需要的依赖即可