在Ubuntu16.04系统上搭建OSM 瓦片服务器

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Step 1: 更新Ubuntu的软件库

    # sudo apt update

    # sudo apt upgrade

 

Step 2: 使用PostGIS安装PostgreSQL数据库服务器

We will usePostgreSQL to store map data. PostGIS is a geospatial extenstion to PostgreSQL.Run the following commands to install them.

# sudo apt install postgresql postgresql-contrib postgis postgresql-9.5-postgis-2.2

 

A usernamed postgres will be created during the installation process. Thisallows the use of peer authentication. Let’s switch tothe postgres user:

# sudo -u postgres -i

 

Create a PostgreSQL database user osm

    # createuser osm

 

Create adatabase named gis andat the same time make osm as the owner of the database. -EUTF8 specifies the character encoding scheme to be used in the database isUTF8.

# createdb -E UTF8 -O osm gis

 

Create hstore and postgis extension.

# psql -c "CREATE EXTENSION hstore;" -d gis

# psql -c "CREATE EXTENSION postgis;" -d gis

 

Exit from the postgres user.

# exit

 

Create osmuseruser on your operating system so the tile server can run as osmuser user.

# sudo adduser osmuser

 

 

Step 3: 下载地图样式表和地图数据

First switch to osmuser user

  # su - osmuser

 

Download the latest CartoCSS mapstylesheets to the osmuser user’s homedirectory.

  # wget https://github.com/gravitystorm/openstreetmap-carto/archive/v2.41.0.tar.gz

 

Extract it.

  # tar xvf v2.41.0.tar.gz

 

Next, download map data to the osmuser user’s home directory. Use the belowcommand to download the map data of the whole planet (32G).

  # wget -c http://planet.openstreetmap.org/pbf/planet-latest.osm.pbf

【If you want a map of individual country orstate, go to http://download.geofabrik.de.Also, BBBike.org provides extractsof more than 200 cities and regions world-wide in different formats.】

 

For example, download the map data of GreatBritain (847M).

# wget -c http://download.geofabrik.de/europe/great-britain-latest.osm.pbf

 

Now exit from the osmuser user.

       #exit

 

Step 4: 将地图数据导入PostgreSQL

To import mapdata, we need to install osm2pgsql which converts OpenStreetMap datato postGIS-enabled PostgreSQL databases.

  # sudo apt install osm2pgsql

 

Switch to osmuseruser again.

       #su - osmuser

 

Run thefollowing command to load map stylesheet and map data into the gis Database. Replace great-britain-latest.osm.pbf withyour own map data file.

# osm2pgsql --slim -d gis -C 3600 --hstore -S openstreetmap-carto-2.41.0/openstreetmap-carto.style great-britain-latest.osm.pbf

 

Once the import is complete, exit fromthe osmuser user.

exit

Step 5: 安装mod_tile

mod_tile 是一个瓦片服务必须的Apache模块. 目前没有二进制包可用于Ubuntu。 我们可以从Github存储库编译它。

First install build dependency.

# sudo apt install git autoconf libtool libmapnik-dev apache2-dev

 

Then clone the repository from Github.

# git clone https://github.com/openstreetmap/mod_tile.git

# cd mod_tile/

 

Compile and install

# ./autogen.sh

# ./configure

# make

# sudo make install

# sudo make install-mod_tile

 

Step 6: 生成Mapnik样式表

Mapnik是一个开放源代码的地图学工具集，提供基于客户端与服务器端的地图渲染使用。

Install required packages.

# sudo apt install curl unzip gdal-bin mapnik-utils node-carto

 

Switch to osmuseruser.

# su - osmuser

 

cd into the carto style directory.

# cd openstreetmap-carto-2.41.0/

 

Get shapefiles.

# ./get-shapefiles.sh

 

Now build the Mapnik xml stylesheet.

# carto project.mml > style.xml

 

Exit from the osmuseruser.

  # exit

 

Step 7:渲染配置

Edit renderd config file.

  # sudo nano /usr/local/etc/renderd.conf

In the [default] section, change the value of XML and HOSTto the following.

XML=/home/ osmuser /openstreetmap-carto-2.41.0/style.xml

HOST=localhost

In [mapnik] section, change the value of plugins_dir.

plugins_dir=/usr/lib/mapnik/3.0/input/

Save the file.

      

Install renderd init script by copying thesample init script.

    # sudo cp mod_tile/debian/renderd.init /etc/init.d/renderd

 

Grant execute permission.

    # sudo chmod a+x /etc/init.d/renderd

 

Edit the init script file

    # sudo nano /etc/init.d/renderd

Change the following variable.

    DAEMON=/usr/local/bin/$NAME

DAEMON_ARGS="-c /usr/local/etc/renderd.conf"

RUNASUSER=osmuser

Save the file.

 

Create the following file and set osmuser the owner.

    # sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/mod_tile

# sudo chown osmuser: osmuser /var/lib/mod_tile

 

Then start renderd service

    # sudo systemctl daemon-reload

# sudo systemctl start renderd

# sudo systemctl enable renderd (若出现错误，改用下面指令来使能renderd)

[# sudo /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable renderd]

 

Step 8: Apache Web服务器配置

Install Apache web server

    # sudo apt install apache2

 

Create a module load file.

    # sudo nano /etc/apache2/mods-available/mod_tile.load

Paste the following line into the file.

      LoadModule tile_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_tile.so

 

Create a symlink.

    # sudo ln -s /etc/apache2/mods-available/mod_tile.load /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/

 

Then edit the default virtual host file.

# sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf

 

Paste the following lines in

LoadTileConfigFile /usr/local/etc/renderd.conf

ModTileRenderdSocketName /var/run/renderd/renderd.sock

# Timeout before giving up for a tile to be rendered

ModTileRequestTimeout 0

# Timeout before giving up for a tile to be rendered that is 

otherwise missing

ModTileMissingRequestTimeout 30

Save and close the file.

 

Restart Apache.

# sudo systemctl restart apache2

 

Then in your web browser address bar, type

your-server-ip/osm_tiles/0/0/0.png

 

 

显示平铺网页地图

平铺网络地图在OpenStreetMap术语中也称为滑动地图。 有两个免费的和开放源码的JavaScript地图库可以用于你的tile服务器：OpenLayer和Leaflet。 Leaflet的优点是使用起来很简单，而且您的地图将移动流畅。

OpenLayer

Openlayers是一个开源的Javascript库（基于修改过的BSD许可发布），用来在Web浏览器显示地图。它提供API接口创建类似于Google Maps和Bing Maps的基于web的地理应用。这个库包括Rico和Prototype框架。

要使用OpenLayer显示您的滑动地图，请从openlayer.org下载JavaScript和CSS，并将其提取到Web根文件夹。

# cd /var/www/html

# sudo wget https://github.com/openlayers/openlayers/releases/download/

v4.3.4/v4.3.4.zip

# sudo unzip v4.3.4.zip

 

Next, create the index.html file.

# sudo nano/var/www/html/index.html

Paste the following HTMLcode in the file. Replace red-colored text and adjust the longitude, latitudeand zoom level according to your needs.

your-server-ip/v4.3.4/css/ol.css"type="text/css">

http://your-server-ip/v4.3.4/build/ol.js">

  Go to map

 

  Zoomout

  Zoomin

 

Save and close the file.

Now you can view your slippy map by typing yourserver IP address in browser.

【eg: Writein browser---> your-server-ip/index.html】

 

 

Leaflet

Leftlet 是一个开源的适合移动设备的交互式地图的JavaScrip库。

 

To display your slippy map with Leftlet, download JavaScript and CSSfrom leftletjs.com andextract it to the web root folder.

 

# cd /var/www/html/

# sudo wget http://cdn.leafletjs.com/leaflet/v1.2.0/leaflet.zip

# sudo unzip leaflet.zip

 

Next, create the index.html file.

# sudo nano /var/www/html/index.html

Paste the following HTML code in the file. Replace red-colored textand adjust the longitude, latitude and zoom level according to your needs.

Save and close the file.

Now you can view your slippy map by typing yourserver IP address in browser.

【eg: Write in browser---> your-server-ip/index.html】