配置浮动路由【实验】

实验名称：配置浮动路由

实验过程：

步骤1:准备基本环境

首先，打开Cisco Packet tracer。购买两台主机，两台交换机。两台路由器，并各自组成A、B网络，

为主机A配置IP为192.168.1.1。主机B配置192.168.3.1。

步骤2：配置路由器，是的两个网络可以ping通

打开路由器A，进入

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

打开路由器B，

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.254 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

回到A配置与B路由器同一网段

Router#

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

同样进入B

Router#

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

这样就将两个路由器加入到同一网段。下面为路由表添加下一跳

回到A

Router#

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2

Router(config)#

回到B

Router#

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1

Router(config)#

通过主机Aping主机B，

C>ping 192.168.3.1

Pinging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126

Ping statistics for 192.168.3.1:

   Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

   Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

回到主机A查看IP信息，对设置进行保存

C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

S    192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2

Router#write

Building configuration...

[OK]

Router#

同样步骤到B

S    192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1

C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

Router#write

Building configuration...

[OK]

Router#

Router#

步骤2：建立浮动路由

由于之前已经做好保存，下面直接将路由器关机，购买一个MN-1FE-TX到路由器A B，为端口连线。

开机

进入路由器A

Router(config)#interface fastethernet 1/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#

进入B

outer>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#interface fastethernet 1/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#

这样就连通了两个路由器，再回到A

outer(config)#interface fastethernet 1/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#

Router(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.2 50

Router(config)#

回到B，

outer(config)#interface fastethernet 1/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#

Router(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1

Router(config)#

为了验证浮动路由的作用，下面我们将A路由器的2.0网段的网线剪断，在这之前先看一下A的路由表状态

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

S    192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2

C    192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0

Router#

下面剪断拔掉192.168.2.1的端口

Router(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1

Router(config-if)#shutdown

Router(config-if)#

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to administratively down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down

Router(config-if)#

再次进入查看路由

C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

S    192.168.3.0/24 [50/0] via 192.168.4.2

C    192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0

Router#

发现192.168.4.0段的路由开始生效，用主机Aping一下主机B。

C>ping 192.168.3.1

Pinging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126

Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=126

Ping statistics for 192.168.3.1:

   Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms

没有任何问题，至此，浮动路由配置完成

实验结果：本次实验其实没有什么难度的说，主要还是熟练，熟练了能分清楚各IP网段就好了。

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/dchan/1398251