Oracle Data Guard 环境搭建

关于DG主备切换请跳转https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42774383/article/details/82682503

本文主要涉及到以下内容

一、安装前环境配置

二、主库配置

三、备库配置

四、主库复制数据库到备库

五、开启备库数据库

六、备库应用日志文件

七、查询主备库数据库状态

八、验证数据同步

一、安装前环境配置

1、一台完整可用装有ORACLE数据库的虚拟机作为主库

2、一台干净没有安装ORACLE数据库的虚拟机作为备库，注意是没有安装ORACLE数据库，但是软件要提前安装好

二、配置主库

提前做好IP对应关系需要在主库与备库都配置

cat /etc/hosts

1、alter database force logging;打开数据库强制归档

2、设置数据库归档

（1）startup mount;

（2）alter database archivelog;

（3）alter database open;

（4）archive log list;

（5）修改归档路径，路径要提前存在

show parameter archive;

alter system set log_archive_dest_1 =’location=/u01/arch’;

alter system set log_archive_format =%t_%s_%r.arc;

3、主库添加备库日志文件，个数为当前日志数+1

alter  database add  standby  logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo01.log'  size 200M;

 alter  database add  standby  logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo02.log'  size 200M;

 alter  database add  standby  logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo03.log'  size 200M;

 alter  database add  standby  logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stdredo04.log'  size 200M;

注意文件大小要与原日志文件大小差不多。

4、查询添加的standby logfile

SQL> select group#,thread#,sequence#,archived,status from v$standby_log;

 

    GROUP#    THREAD#  SEQUENCE# ARC STATUS

---------- ---------- ---------- --- ----------

 4     0        0 YES UNASSIGNED

 5     0        0 YES UNASSIGNED

 6     0        0 YES UNASSIGNED

 7     0        0 YES UNASSIGNED

 

SQL> select * from v$logfile;

 4    STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/s NO        0

   tdredo01.log

 

    GROUP# STATUS  TYPE    MEMBER   IS_   CON_ID

---------- ------- ------- ------------------------------ --- ----------

 

 5    STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/s NO        0

   tdredo02.log

 

 6    STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/s NO        0

   tdredo03.log

 

 7    STANDBY /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/s NO        0

   tdredo04.log

5、配置静态监听参数

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

  (SID_DESC =

    (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)

    (ORACLE_HOME =/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1)

    (SID_NAME = orcl)

   )

 )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

6、配置网络连接名

ORCL_S =

 (DESCRIPTION =

   (ADDRESS_LIST =

     (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = wyuu)(PORT = 1521))

    )

   (CONNECT_DATA =

     (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

    )

  )

ORCL_P =

 (DESCRIPTION =

   (ADDRESS_LIST =

     (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = wyu)(PORT = 1521))

    )

   (CONNECT_DATA =

     (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

    )

  )

  

配置好需要验证是否可用，我们这里先验证主库，等后续备库配置完成再验证备库

tnsping orcl_p

8、后续备库需要用到原pfile，所以这里先将pfile拷贝到备库一份

scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcl.ora wyuu:`pwd`

然后修改主库的pfile加入以下内容

*.db_name='orcl'

*.db_unique_name='orcl_p'

*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(orcl_p,orcl_s)'

*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/arch valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=orcl_p'

*.log_archive_dest_2='service=orcl_s arch ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl_s'

*.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable

*.log_archive_dest_state_2=enable

*.standby_file_management='auto'

*.fal_server='orcl_s'

*.log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl'

*.db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl'

三、备库配置

1、配置备库的静态监听参数，直接将主库的监听文件拷贝过来

scp $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora wyuu:`pwd`

2、配置网络连接名，同样将主库的文件拷贝一份

scp $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora wyuu:`pwd`

验证网络连接名是否可用

需要在主库及从库都使用tnsping来验证

3、将之前拷贝的参数文件加入以下内容

*.db_name='orcl'

*.db_unique_name='orcl_s'

*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(orcl_p,orcl_s)'

*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/arch valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=orcl_s'

*.log_archive_dest_2='service=orcl_p arch ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl_p'

*.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable

*.log_archive_dest_state_2=enable

*.standby_file_management='auto'

*.fal_server='orcl_p'

*.log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl'

*.db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl'

4、拷贝密码文件

scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapworcl wyuu:`pwd`

5、创建启动需要的目录

目录要与pfile中路径相同

mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/orcl/adump

6、启动数据库到nomount状态

startup nomount

四、主库复制数据库

rman target sys/oracle@orcl_p auxiliary sys/oracle@orcl_s

duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck dorecover;

五、开启备库数据库

alter database open;

六、备库应用日志文件

alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

alter database recover managed standby database cancel;（取消日志文件应用，不需做）

七、查询主备库数据库状态

1、主库

SQL> select log_mode,open_mode,database_role from v$database;

 

LOG_MODE     OPEN_MODE   DATABASE_ROLE

------------ -------------------- ----------------

ARCHIVELOG   READ WRITE   PRIMARY

2、备库

SQL> select log_mode,open_mode,database_role from v$database;

 

LOG_MODE     OPEN_MODE     DATABASE_ROLE

------------ -------------------- ----------------

ARCHIVELOG   READ ONLY WITH APPLY  PHYSICAL STANDBY

备库是只读的

八、验证数据同步