XML文件解析之Tinyxml（C++）

TinyXml下载

首先，展示两个Tinyxml资源包的下载链接：

• 其一，TinyXML官方下载链接：https://sourceforge.net/projects/tinyxml/?source=directory
• 其二，TinyXML2资源GitHub链接：https://github.com/leethomason/tinyxml2

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基础函数讲解（源码查看）

以下为TinyXML2函数，TinyXML跟这个差不多类似，如有相似用途，查看源码即可。
首先看TinyXML2文件中类组成
- 只是讲解部分我使用过的函数：

 class XMLDocument;//xml文件类，类似于C语言里面的FILE，主要用于创建XMLDocument对象，用于打开XML文档
 /**
        Load an XML file from disk.
        Returns XML_SUCCESS (0) on success, or
        an errorID.
    */
    XMLError LoadFile( const char* filename );//文件加载，传入文件路径即可
    /**
        Load an XML file from disk. You are responsible
        for providing and closing the FILE*. 

        NOTE: The file should be opened as binary ("rb")
        not text in order for TinyXML-2 to correctly
        do newline normalization.

        Returns XML_SUCCESS (0) on success, or
        an errorID.
    */
    XMLError LoadFile( FILE* );//传入文件指针加载文件

  class XMLElement;//数据节点
  class XMLAttribute;//属性类
  //例如：XMLDocument xmlDocument;
  xmlDocument.LoadFile("./路径"); //Or input your FILE * 
  XMLElement * root = xmlDocument.RootElement();//RootElement();获取该xml文件的根节点
  XMLAttribute * curAttribute = curElement->FirstAttribute();//获取属性

  //引用一些源码中出现过的注释（比较明确的展示了其用法）：

  //值得注意的是，FirstChildElement()有两种用法，一种是加参数的，即指定子节点名称查找；
  //还有一种就是不加参数的，即默认查找第一个子节点
  //若要获取当前Element的名称可以使用Name()函数
  //属性获取方法还有：Element->Attribute("属性名")；

  //NextSiblingElement();该函数指向兄弟节点
  //比如这样获取下一个兄弟节点：curElement = curElement->NextSiblingElement();

  /**
    A XMLHandle is a class that wraps a node pointer with null checks; this is
    an incredibly useful thing. Note that XMLHandle is not part of the TinyXML-2
    DOM structure. It is a separate utility class.

    Take an example:
    @verbatim
    
        "valueA">
            "value1" />
            "value2" />
        
    
    @endverbatim

    Assuming you want the value of "attributeB" in the 2nd "Child" element, it's very
    easy to write a *lot* of code that looks like:

    @verbatim
    XMLElement* root = document.FirstChildElement( "Document" );
    if ( root )
    {
        XMLElement* element = root->FirstChildElement( "Element" );
        if ( element )
        {
            XMLElement* child = element->FirstChildElement( "Child" );
            if ( child )
            {
                XMLElement* child2 = child->NextSiblingElement( "Child" );
                if ( child2 )
                {
                    // Finally do something useful.
    @endverbatim

    And that doesn't even cover "else" cases. XMLHandle addresses the verbosity
    of such code. A XMLHandle checks for null pointers so it is perfectly safe
    and correct to use:

    @verbatim
    XMLHandle docHandle( &document );
    XMLElement* child2 = docHandle.FirstChildElement( "Document" ).FirstChildElement( "Element" ).FirstChildElement().NextSiblingElement();
    if ( child2 )
    {
        // do something useful
    @endverbatim

    Which is MUCH more concise and useful.

    It is also safe to copy handles - internally they are nothing more than node pointers.
    @verbatim
    XMLHandle handleCopy = handle;
    @endverbatim

    See also XMLConstHandle, which is the same as XMLHandle, but operates on const objects.
*/

//还有一些我没用过的类

  class XMLText;
  class XMLDeclaration;
  class XMLPrinter;//相比XMLDocument类给与的打印功能外，它更加强大

接下来是我的一个例子展示

#include 

#include 

#include 

#include "tinyxml2.h"

using namespace std;

void ReadXML(const tinyxml2::XMLElement * rootElement);

int main(void)
{
    tinyxml2::XMLDocument xmlDocument;
    xmlDocument.LoadFile("./你的文件.xml");

    if (xmlDocument.Error())
    {
        cout << "ERROR: XML file not found!" << endl;

        return 0;
    }

    tinyxml2::XMLElement * rootElement = xmlDocument.RootElement();

    //Get the first child element to analysis xml file
    tinyxml2::XMLElement * rootElement1 = rootElement->FirstChildElement("Controls");

    //cout << rootElement1->Name() << endl;

    ReadXML(rootElement1);

    return 0;
}

void ReadXML(const tinyxml2::XMLElement * rootElement)
{
    if (!rootElement)
    {
        cout << "Root Element is NULL" << endl;
        return;
    }
    const tinyxml2::XMLElement * curElement = rootElement->FirstChildElement();

    while (curElement)
    {
        if (!strcmp(curElement->Name(), "Label"))
        {
            const tinyxml2::XMLAttribute * curAttribute = curElement->FirstAttribute();

            const char * tep = curElement->Attribute("InitSize");
            cout << tep << endl;

            while (curAttribute != NULL)
            {
                cout << "    " << curAttribute->Value();
                curAttribute = curAttribute->Next();
            }
            /**/
            cout << endl;
        }
        else if (!strcmp(curElement->Name(), "DialogButton"))
        {
            const tinyxml2::XMLAttribute * curAttribute = curElement->FirstAttribute();

            const char * tep = curElement->Attribute("InitSize");
            cout << tep << endl;

            while (curAttribute != NULL)
            {
                cout << "    " << curAttribute->Value();
                curAttribute = curAttribute->Next();
            }
            /**/
            cout << endl;
        }
        else if (!strcmp(curElement->Name(), "EditBox"))
        {
            const tinyxml2::XMLAttribute * curAttribute = curElement->FirstAttribute();

            const char * tep = curElement->Attribute("InitSize");
            cout << tep << endl;

            while (curAttribute != NULL)
            {
                cout << "    " << curAttribute->Value();
                curAttribute = curAttribute->Next();
            }
            /**/
            cout << endl;
        }

        //To check whether the current element has other children element.
        if (curElement->FirstChildElement())
        {
            //recursion function to analysis the xml file.
            ReadXML(curElement);
        }

        //Get the next element;
        curElement = curElement->NextSiblingElement();
    }
}

最后贴上一张有问题的图，主要是为了给大家说一下编码问题

有的编译器可能对于文件读取以及控制台输出默认使用utf-8，但是有些就不一样，比如我的电脑上使用的是VS-2013，但是它的控制台输出即使更改控制台输出格式，对于文字输出依然有问题，所以，如果你只是实验用的话，可以将文件重新保存一下，保存成你需要的文件格式即可

其中代码命名为实验使用，无其他意义