1. 对一个列表里的数据进行奇偶数分离
numbers = [12, 37, 5, 42, 8, 3]
even = []
odd = []
while len(numbers) > 0 :
number = numbers.pop()
if(number % 2 == 0):
even.append(number)
else:
odd.append(number)
print even
print odd
输出结果:
[8, 42, 12]
[3, 5, 37]
2. 猜一个数是大了还是小了
number = 23
running = True
while running:
guess = int(raw_input("enter an inter:"))
if guess == number:
print 'congratulations, you guessed it.'
running = False
elif guess < number:
print 'no, it is a little higher than that'
else:
print 'no, it is a little lower than that'
else:
print 'the while loop is over'
print 'done'
输出结果:
enter an inter:12
no, it is a little higher than that
enter an inter:25
no, it is a little lower than that
enter an inter:23
congratulations, you guessed it.
the while loop is over
done
3. 有四个数字:1、2、3、4,能组成多少个互不相同且无重复数字的三位数?各是多少?
分析:可填在百位、十位、个位的数字都是1、2、3、4。组成所有的排列后再去 掉不满足条件的排列。
方法一:
#coding=utf-8
d=[]
for a in range(1,5):
for b in range(1,5):
for c in range(1,5):
if (a!=b) and (a!=c) and (c!=b):
d.append([a,b,c])
print "总数量:", len(d)
print d
方法二:使用Python自带的函数
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#补充一下
from itertools import permutations
for i in permutations([1, 2, 3, 4], 3):
k = ''
for j in range(0, len(i)):
k = k + str(i[j])
print (int(k)),
方法三:考虑减少冗余判断和循环,做如下优化;
for i in range(1, 5):
for j in range(1, 5):
if (j==i) :
continue;
for k in range(1, 5):
if (k==i or k==j):
continue;
print(i,j,k);
4. 题目:企业发放的奖金根据利润提成。利润i
低于或等于10万元时,奖金可提10%;
利润高于10万元,低于20万元时,低于10万元的部分按10%提成,高于10万元的部分,可提成7.5%;
20万到40万之间时,高于20万元的部分,可提成5%;
40万到60万之间时高于40万元的部分,可提成3%;
60万到100万之间时,高于60万元的部分,可提成1.5%,
高于100万元时,超过100万元的部分按1%提成,从键盘输入当月利润i,求应发放奖金总数?
程序分析:请利用数轴来分界,定位。注意定义时需把奖金定义成长整型。
方法一:使用if...elif...else语句逐一判断
#coding=utf-8
x = int(raw_input("净利润:"))
if x<=100000:
bonus=x*0.1
print u"奖金:",bonus,u"元"
elif 100001
净利润:120000
奖金: 11500.0 元
方法二:
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
i = int(raw_input('净利润:'))
arr = [1000000,600000,400000,200000,100000,0]
rat = [0.01,0.015,0.03,0.05,0.075,0.1]
r = 0
for idx in range(0,6):
if i>arr[idx]:
r+=(i-arr[idx])*rat[idx]
print (i-arr[idx])*rat[idx]
i=arr[idx]
print r
5. 题目:一个整数,它加上100后是一个完全平方数,再加上168又是一个完全平方数,请问该数是多少?
程序分析:
假设该数为 x。
1、则:x + 100 = n2, x + 100 + 168 = m2
2、计算等式:m2 - n2 = (m + n)(m - n) = 168
3、设置: m + n = i,m - n = j,i * j =168,i 和 j 至少一个是偶数
4、可得: m = (i + j) / 2, n = (i - j) / 2,i 和 j 要么都是偶数,要么都是奇数。
5、从 3 和 4 推导可知道,i 与 j 均是大于等于 2 的偶数。
6、由于 i * j = 168, j>=2,则 1 < i < 168 / 2 + 1。
7、接下来将 i 的所有数字循环计算即可。
源代码:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
for i in range(1,85):
if 168 % i == 0:
j = 168 / i;
if i > j and (i + j) % 2 == 0 and (i - j) % 2 == 0 :
m = (i + j) / 2
n = (i - j) / 2
x = n * n - 100
print(x)
运行结果:
-99
21
261
1581
方法二:最简单易读
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
t = []
for m in range(168):
for n in range(m):
if m**2 - n**2 == 168:
x = n**2 - 100
t.append(x)
print('符合条件的整数有:',t )
4. 题目:输入某年某月某日,判断这一天是这一年的第几天?
源代码:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
year = int(raw_input('year:\n'))
month = int(raw_input('month:\n'))
day = int(raw_input('day:\n'))
months = (0,31,59,90,120,151,181,212,243,273,304,334)
if 0 < month <= 12:
sum = months[month - 1]
else:
print 'data error'
sum += day
leap = 0
if (year % 400 == 0) or ((year % 4 == 0) and (year % 100 != 0)):
leap = 1
if (leap == 1) and (month > 2):
sum += 1
print 'it is the %dth day.' % sum
运行结果:
year:
2015
month:
6
day:
7
it is the 158th day.
方法二:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
year=int(raw_input("年:\n"))
month=int(raw_input("月:\n"))
day=int(raw_input("日:\n"))
months1=[0,31,60,91,121,152,182,213,244,274,305,335,366] #闰年
months2=[0,31,59,90,120,151,181,212,243,273,304,334,365] #平年
if ((year%4==0)and(year%100!=0)) or((year%100==0)and(year%400==0)):
Dth=months1[month-1]+day
else:
Dth=months2[month-1]+day
print "是该年的第%d天"%Dth
方法三:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
# 输入任意年月日,知道是改年第几天
p = [31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31] # 平年
w = [31,29,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31] # 闰年
year =int(raw_input("年:\n"))
month =int(raw_input("月:\n"))
day =int(raw_input("日:\n"))
# 判断闰年,平年
if year % 100 == 0:
if year % 400 == 0:
d=w
else:
d=p
else:
if year % 4 == 0:
d=w
else:
d=p
# 计算天数
days = sum(d[0:month-1])+day
print "%d.%d.%d是%d年的第%s天。"%(year,month,day,year,days)
方法四:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
year = int(input('请输入年份:'))
month = int(input('请输入月份:'))
day = int(input('请输入日期:'))
total = 0
if year%4 == 0:
days = 29
else:
days = 28
if year%4 == 0:
print year, '年是润年,2月有', days, '天!'
else:
print year, '年是平年,2月有', days, '天!'
if month <= 1:
total = day
elif month == 2:
total = 31 + day
elif month == 9 or month == 11:
total = (month - 2) * 30 + days + month/2 + day + 1
else:
total = (month - 2) * 30 + days + month/2 + day
print year, '年',month, '月', day, '日,是这一年的第', total, '天!'
方法五:
#!/usr/bin/python
def isLeapYear(a):
if (0 == a%4 or 0 == a%400) and 0 != a%100 :
return 1
else:
return 0
dict = {1: 31, 2: 28, 3: 31, 4: 30, 5: 31, 6: 30, 7: 31, 8: 31, 9: 30, 10: 31, 11: 30, 12: 31}
a = int(input("Input year:"))
b = int(input("Input month:"))
c = int(input("Input day:"))
m = 0
k = isLeapYear(a)
for i in range(1,b):
m = m + dict[i]
m = m + isLeapYear(a) + c
print(m)
方法六:
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
import time
import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8') # 设置 'utf-8'
a = raw_input("输入时间(格式如:2017-04-04):")
t = time.strptime(a,"%Y-%m-%d")
print time.strftime("今年的第%j天",t).decode('utf-8')
方法七:
#! /usr/bin/env python
# coding:utf-8
import time
D=raw_input("请输入年份,格式如XXXX-XX-XX:")
d=time.strptime( D,'%Y-%m-%d').tm_yday
print "the {} day of this year!" .format(d)
方法八:通过计算输入的日期与相应年份1月1日相差的秒数,然后除以每天的秒数3600*24,即可得到输入日期的天数
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import time
def datecount(date):
date0=date[0:4]+"-01-01"
datet=time.strptime(date,"%Y-%m-%d") #将输入的字符串转化为时间元组
date0t=time.strptime(date0,"%Y-%m-%d")
dates=time.mktime(datet) #将时间元组转化为时间戳
date0s=time.mktime(date0t)
count=(dates-date0s)/(3600*24) #输入日期的时间戳减当前年份0101的时间戳除以每天秒数
return count+1
a=input("请输入日期:格式如2017-06-16\n")
print("{}是{}年第{}天".format(a,a[0:4],int(datecount(a))))
方法九:通过输入时间点的unix时间戳和输入年份首日的Unix时间戳之间的差,来计算经过的时间
#coding=utf-8
import time
print "Please Enter full number just like 02 01 03"
y = int(raw_input('Enter the year:')) #分别输入年月日
m = int(raw_input('Enter the month:'))
d = int(raw_input('Enter the day:'))
a = (y,m,d,00,00,00,00,00,00) #要求长度为9
b = (y,01,01,00,00,00,00,00,00) #输入年份的第一天
timestampa = time.mktime(a) #两个都转换为Unix时间戳,即1970.1.1到现在经过的秒数
timestampb = time.mktime(b)
timec = int((timestampa - timestampb)/(3600*24)) #输入的时间戳减去年份首天的时间戳等于经过的秒数,再换算成天,取整
print("There are {} days goes by!".format(timec))
5. 题目:输入三个整数x,y,z,请把这三个数由小到大输出。
源代码:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
l = []
for i in range(3):
x = int(raw_input('integer:\n'))
l.append(x)
l.sort()
print l
运行结果:
integer:
8
integer:
5
integer:
6
[5, 6, 8]
方法二:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
x = int(raw_input("x:"))
y = int(raw_input("y:"))
z = int(raw_input("z:"))
a = {"x":x,"y":y,"z":z}
print '--------分割线--------'
for w in sorted(a, key=a.get):
print w, a[w]
运行结果:
x:5
y:2
z:8
--------分割线--------
y 2
x 5
z 8
方法三:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
a=[1,3,5,2,4,5,7]
n=len(a)
for i in range(0,n):
for j in range(i,n) :
if (a[i] >= a[j] ):
tmp =a[i]
a[i]=a[j]
a[j]=tmp
print a
方法四:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
x= raw_input("int1:")
y= raw_input("int2:")
Max = max(x,y)
Min = min(x,y)
z= raw_input("int3:")
if z > Max :
print Min,Max,z
elif z < Min :
print z,Min,Max
else :
print Min,z,Max
方法五:Python3.x 版本下使用利用冒泡排序方法:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# 利用冒泡排序方法
def Sort(list):
n = len(list)
for i in range(1, n):
# 一次次的将最大的学出来
for j in range(1, n - i + 1):
if list[j - 1] > list[j]:
list[j - 1], list[j] = list[j], list[j - 1]
# 打印排序过程
print(list)
for i in range(0, n):
print(list[i])
# 读入数据
def inputData():
list_first = []
while True:
a = input("please input num:".strip())
if len(a) == 0:
return list_first
else:
list_first.append(int(a))
if __name__ == '__main__':
lt = inputData()
print(lt)
Sort(lt)
方法六:使用 列表 sort=,可接受参数 reverse,默认为布尔值 false,按升序排序,设置为 true 则按降序排序
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
x = int(input('x='))
y = int(input('y='))
z = int(input('z='))
num = [x, y, z]
num.sort() # 对列表进行升序排序
print '这三个数由小到大的顺序为:',num
rnum = [x, y, z] # 对列表进行降序排序
rnum.sort(reverse=True)
print '这三个数由大到小的顺序为:',rnum
方法七:
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
D=raw_input("请输入三个数字,格式如 'a,b,c':")
li=D.split(",")
li2=[int(i) for i in li]
li2.sort()
print li2
方法八:对输入类型进行了控制,如果输入错误,就提示用户,让用户再次输入,直到正确输入整数为止。
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
#输入三个整数x,y,z,请把这三个数由小到大输出。
while 1:
try:
x = int(input("plz input x: "))
y = int(input("plz input y: "))
z = int(input("plz input z: "))
list1 = [x, y, z]
print(sorted(list1))
break
except:
print("请输入整数")
方法九:
#! /usr/bin/python
# -*- coding:UTF-8 -*-
a = int(raw_input("请输入:"))
b = int(raw_input("请输入:"))
c = int(raw_input("请输入:"))
if a>b and a>c:
x = a
a = c
elif b>a and b>c:
x = b
b = c
else:
x = c
if a>b:
print b,a,x
else:
print a,b,x
方法十:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
x = int(raw_input('x->'))
y = int(raw_input('y->'))
z = int(raw_input('z->'))
arr = [x,y,z]
for i in range (0,3):
for o in range (0,3):
for p in range (0,3):
if arr[i] > arr[o] > arr[p]:
print arr[i],arr[o],arr[p]
方法十一:
print(sorted([int(input("enter a integer: ")) for x in range(3)]))
方法十二:冒泡排序
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
#冒泡排序
a = [int(i) for i in raw_input("请输入:").split()]
m = len(a)
while m!=1:
for i in range(m-1):
if a[i]>a[i+1]:
x = a[i]
a[i] = a[i+1]
a[i+1] = x
m -= 1
print a
方法十三:列表sort
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
l = [int(i) for i in raw_input("请输入: ").split()]
l.sort()
print l