利用Oh-My-Zsh将个性化你的终端字体颜色

什么是Oh My Zsh


Oh My Zsh是一款社区驱动的命令行工具,正如它的主页上说的,Oh My Zsh 是一种生活方式。它基于zsh命令行,提供了主题配置,插件机制,已经内置的便捷操作。给我们一种全新的方式使用命令行。

Oh My Zsh这个名字听起来就很有意思,它是基于zsh命令行的一个扩展工具集,提供了丰富的扩展功能。

Oh My Zsh只是一个对zsh命令行环境的配置包装框架,但它不提供命令行窗口,更不是一个独立的APP。

更详细介绍可到官网了解,Oh My Zsh官网:http://ohmyz.sh

  • 安装Oh My Zsh

前提条件:必须已安装ZSH

我们可以在命令行中输入这个命令来查看我们的电脑上是否安装了zsh命令行

$ zsh --version


如果安装了,这个命令就会输出zsh当前的版本号。确定 zsh 已经安装后,我们就可以继续安装Oh My Zsh了。

安装Oh My Zsh

Oh My Zsh 的安装方式非常简单,可以通过curl或wget的方式,用一条命令即可安装。

curl 方式

$ sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"


wget 方式

$ sh -c "$(wget https://raw.github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh -O -)"


安装过程中输出如下

Cloning Oh My Zsh...
Cloning into '/root/.oh-my-zsh'...
remote: Counting objects: 712, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (584/584), done.
remote: Total 712 (delta 15), reused 522 (delta 4), pack-reused 0
Receiving objects: 100% (712/712), 443.58 KiB | 27.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (15/15), done.
Checking connectivity... done.
Looking for an existing zsh config...
Using the Oh My Zsh template file and adding it to ~/.zshrc
Copying your current PATH and adding it to the end of ~/.zshrc for you.
Time to change your default shell to zsh!
        __                                     __
 ____  / /_     ____ ___  __  __   ____  _____/ /_
/ __ \/ __ \   / __ `__ \/ / / /  /_  / / ___/ __ \
/ /_/ / / / /  / / / / / / /_/ /    / /_(__  ) / / /
\____/_/ /_/  /_/ /_/ /_/\__, /    /___/____/_/ /_/
                       /____/                       ....is now installed!
 
Please look over the ~/.zshrc file to select plugins, themes, and options.
p.s. Follow us at https://twitter.com/ohmyzsh.
p.p.s. Get stickers and t-shirts at http://shop.planetargon.com.


到这里,Oh My Zsh 就安装成功了。

  • Oh My Zsh目录结构

进入~/.oh-my-zsh目录后,看看该目录的结构

$ ls ~/.oh-my-zsh
cache  custom  lib  log  MIT-LICENSE.txt  oh-my-zsh.sh  plugins  README.markdown  templates  themes  tools


lib 提供了核心功能的脚本库
tools 提供安装、升级等功能的快捷工具
plugins 自带插件的存在放位置
templates 自带模板的存在放位置
themes  自带主题文件的存在放位置
custom 个性化配置目录,自安装的插件和主题可放这里

设置主题
安装完毕后,我们就可以使用了,咱们先来简单配置一下。
Oh My Zsh 提供了很多主题风格,我们可以根据自己的喜好,设置主题风格,主题的配置在 ~/.zshrc 文件中可以看到,用一个自己熟悉的编辑器打开这个文件,可以找到这一项:

ZSH_THEME="robbyrussel"


可以看到,我们默认使用的主题叫做robbyrussel。 它的显示效果嘛,大概是这样


Oh My Zsh默认自带了一些默认主题,存放在~/.oh-my-zsh/themes目录中。我们可以查看这些主题

$ ls ~/.oh-my-zsh/themes
 
3den.zsh-theme                essembeh.zsh-theme            junkfood.zsh-theme            rgm.zsh-theme
Soliah.zsh-theme              evan.zsh-theme                kafeitu.zsh-theme             risto.zsh-theme
adben.zsh-theme               example.zsh-theme             kardan.zsh-theme              rixius.zsh-theme
af-magic.zsh-theme            fino-time.zsh-theme           kennethreitz.zsh-theme        rkj-repos.zsh-theme
afowler.zsh-theme             fino.zsh-theme                kiwi.zsh-theme                rkj.zsh-theme
agnoster.zsh-theme            fishy.zsh-theme               kolo.zsh-theme                robbyrussell.zsh-theme
alanpeabody.zsh-theme         flazz.zsh-theme               kphoen.zsh-theme              sammy.zsh-theme
amuse.zsh-theme               fletcherm.zsh-theme           lambda.zsh-theme              simonoff.zsh-theme
apple.zsh-theme               fox.zsh-theme                 linuxonly.zsh-theme           simple.zsh-theme
arrow.zsh-theme               frisk.zsh-theme               lukerandall.zsh-theme         skaro.zsh-theme
....


怎么样,默认主题的数量相当多吧,这就是社区驱动的力量。

这么多的主题可以满足你的各种偏好了,我们只需在./zshrc文件中配置需要的主题即可,比如我们想用lambda.zsh-theme这个主题,我们只要这样配置

ZSH_THEME="lambda"


然后保存这个文件文件,再打开一个新的命令行窗口即可看到效果了。那么这么多的主题如何快速找到哪些是我们喜欢的呢,我们还可以这样设置

ZSH_THEME="random"


我们将主题设置为随机,这样在我们每次打开命令行窗口的时候,都会随机在默认主题中选择一个。这样我们如果觉得当前的主题比较喜欢,可以直接使用 echo 命令输出当前主题的名称

$ echo $ZSH_THEME
然后再将他设置到配置文件中即可。

如果这些默认主题还不能满足你的需要,我们还可以到这里找到更多的主题

https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/wiki/Themes
https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/wiki/External-themes
https://github.com/unixorn/awesome-zsh-plugins#themes

启用插件
Oh My Zsh 默认自带了一些默认主题,存放在~/.oh-my-zsh/plugins目录中。我们可以查看这些插件

$ ls ~/.oh-my-zsh/plugins
 
adb               brew         coffee             dirpersist      fastfile         gitignore                 httpie     last-working-dir  nanoc                  pod         rebar       sprunge        terminitor  vault              zeus
ant               brew-cask    colemak            django          fbterm           git-prompt                iwhois     lein              nmap                   postgres    redis-cli   ssh-agent      terraform   vim-interaction    zsh-navigation-tools
apache2-macports  bundler      colored-man-pages  dnf             fedora           git-remote-branch         jake-node  lighthouse        node                   pow         repo        stack          textastic   vi-mode            zsh_reload
archlinux         bwana        colorize           docker          forklift         glassfish                 jhbuild    lol               npm                    powder      rsync       sublime        textmate    virtualenv
asdf              cabal        command-not-found  docker-compose  frontend-search  gnu-utils                 jira       macports          nvm                    powify      ruby        sudo           thefuck     virtualenvwrapper
autoenv           cake         common-aliases     emacs           gas              go                        jruby      man               nyan                   profiles    rvm         supervisor     themes      vundle
autojump          cakephp3     compleat           ember-cli       geeknote         golang                    jsontools  marked2           osx                    pyenv       safe-paste  suse           thor        wakeonlan
autopep8          capistrano   composer           emoji           gem              gpg-agent                 jump       mercurial         pass                   pylint      sbt         svn            tmux        wd
aws               cask         copydir            emoji-clock     git              gradle                    kate       meteor            paver                  python      scala       svn-fast-info  tmux-cssh   web-search
battery           catimg       copyfile           emotty          git-extras       grails                    kitchen    mix               pep8                   rails       scd         symfony        tmuxinator  wp-cli
bbedit            celery       cp                 encode64        gitfast          grunt                     knife      mix-fast          per-directory-history  rake        screen      symfony2       torrent     xcode
bgnotify          chruby       cpanm              extract         git-flow         gulp                      knife_ssh  mosh              perl                   rake-fast   scw         systemadmin    tugboat     yii
boot2docker       chucknorris  debian             fabric          git-flow-avh     heroku                    laravel    mvn               phing                  rand-quote  sfffe       systemd        ubuntu      yii2
bower             cloudapp     dircycle           fancy-ctrl-z    github           history                   laravel4   mysql-macports    pip                    rbenv       singlechar  taskwarrior    urltools    yum
branch            codeclimate  dirhistory         fasd            git-hubflow      history-substring-search  laravel5   n98-magerun       pj                     rbfu        spring      terminalapp    vagrant     z


Oh My Zsh默认是只启用git插件(在~/.zshrc文件中)

plugins=(git)


如需启用更多插件,可加入需启用插件的名称。如下

plugins=(git wd web-search history history-substring-search)


推荐几个好用插件

zsh-history-substring-search
https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/tree/master/plugins/history-substring-search

zsh-syntax-highlighting
https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting

zsh-autosuggestions
https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions

更多插件可参考

https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/wiki/Plugins
https://github.com/unixorn/awesome-zsh-plugins
https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/wiki/Plugins-Overview

一些小技巧
给history命令增加时间

.zshrc中加入以下行

$ vim ~/.zshrc
HIST_STAMPS="yyyy-mm-dd" 
source ~/.zshrc


如果没用oh my zsh的话可用如下alias

$ alias history='fc -il 1'


更新oh-my-zsh
设置自动更新oh-my-zsh

默认情况下,当oh-my-zsh有更新时,都会给你提示。如果希望让oh-my-zsh自动更新,在~/.zshrc 中添加下面这句

DISABLE_UPDATE_PROMPT=true


要手动更新,可以执行

$ upgrade_oh_my_zsh


卸载oh my zsh
直接在终端中,运行uninstall_oh_my_zsh既可以卸载。
 

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