环境：
[oracle@rac1 coldbackup]$ uname -a
Linux rac1 2.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek #1 SMP Wed Jul 27 21:02:33 EDT 2011 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[oracle@rac1 coldbackup]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jan 10 16:30:42 2013
原实例及数据库名字是ecdata，新实例及数据库的名字是ecdata2
一、RMAN备份数据库：
RMAN> list backupset summary;
specification does not match any backup in the repository
RMAN> alter database open;
database opened
RMAN> backup database format '/test/hotbackup/hotbk__%U';
二、生成控制文件重建脚本：
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace;
Database altered.
select c.value || '/' || d.instance_name || '_ora_' ||
to_char(a.spid,'fm99999') || '.trc'
from v$process a, v$session b, v$parameter c, v$instance d
where a.addr = b.paddr
and b.audsid = userenv('sessionid')
6 and c.name = 'user_dump_dest';
C.VALUE||'/'||D.INSTANCE_NAME||'_ORA_'||TO_CHAR(A.SPID,'FM99999')||'.TRC'
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ecdata/ecdata/trace/ecdata_ora_8438.trc
在上面文件中找到创建控制文件的脚本(要做适当修改)：
CREATE CONTROLFILE set DATABASE "ECDATA2" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/test/ecdata2/redo01.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 '/test/ecdata2/redo02.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 '/test/ecdata2/redo03.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'/test/ecdata2/system01.dbf',
'/test/ecdata2/sysaux01.dbf',
'/test/ecdata2/undotbs01.dbf',
'/test/ecdata2/users01.dbf',
'/test/ecdata2/ogg01.dbf',
'/test/ecdata2/mysys01.dbf',
'/test/ecdata2/mdu01.dbf',
'/test/ecdata2/elite01.dbf',
'/test/ecdata2/elitetm01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
;
三、创建新实例的pfile文件initecdata2.ora，可以通过create pfile from spfile，也可以直接copy原来实例的pfile文件(其中粗体部分的路径要先建好)：
ecdata2.__db_cache_size=159383552
ecdata2.__java_pool_size=25165824
ecdata2.__large_pool_size=4194304
ecdata2.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
ecdata2.__pga_aggregate_target=255852544
ecdata2.__sga_target=478150656
ecdata2.__shared_io_pool_size=0
ecdata2.__shared_pool_size=281018368
ecdata2.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/ecdata2/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.control_file_record_keep_time=8
*.control_files='/test/ecdata2/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ecdata2/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='ecdata2'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4070572032
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ecdata2XDB)'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.memory_target=734003200
*.O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY=FALSE
ecdata2.open_cursors=400
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sec_case_sensitive_logon=TRUE
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
四、startup nomount状态，加载initecdata2.ora,执行创建控制文件语句：
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 730714112 bytes
Fixed Size 2216944 bytes
Variable Size 566234128 bytes
Database Buffers 159383552 bytes
Redo Buffers 2879488 bytes
SQL> l
1 CREATE CONTROLFILE set DATABASE "ECDATA2" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
2 MAXLOGFILES 16
3 MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
4 MAXDATAFILES 100
5 MAXINSTANCES 8
6 MAXLOGHISTORY 292
7 LOGFILE
8 GROUP 1 '/test/ecdata2/redo01.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
9 GROUP 2 '/test/ecdata2/redo02.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
10 GROUP 3 '/test/ecdata2/redo03.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
11 -- STANDBY LOGFILE
12 DATAFILE
13 '/test/ecdata2/system01.dbf',
14 '/test/ecdata2/sysaux01.dbf',
15 '/test/ecdata2/undotbs01.dbf',
16 '/test/ecdata2/users01.dbf',
17 '/test/ecdata2/ogg01.dbf',
18 '/test/ecdata2/mysys01.dbf',
19 '/test/ecdata2/mdu01.dbf',
20 '/test/ecdata2/elite01.dbf',
21 '/test/ecdata2/elitetm01.dbf'
22 CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
23*
SQL> /
Control file created.
SQL> alter database mount;
alter database mount
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01100: database already mounted ----很奇怪为什么创建完controlfile数据库就已经mount了。
五、注册之前的备份集到新建的control file中：
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ env|grep ORA
ORACLE_SID=ecdata2
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jan 10 17:16:53 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ECDATA2 (DBID=4161708524, not open)
RMAN> list backupset summary;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
specification does not match any backup in the repository
RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/test/hotbackup/hotbk__0inv313m_1_1';
cataloged backup piece
backup piece handle=/test/hotbackup/hotbk__0inv313m_1_1 RECID=1 STAMP=804359913
RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/test/hotbackup/hotbk__0jnv3180_1_1';
cataloged backup piece
backup piece handle=/test/hotbackup/hotbk__0jnv3180_1_1 RECID=2 STAMP=804359942
RMAN> list backupset summary;
List of Backups
===============
Key TY LV S Device Type Completion Time #Pieces #Copies Compressed Tag
------- -- -- - ----------- --------------- ------- ------- ---------- ---
1 B F A DISK 10-JAN-13 1 1 NO TAG20130110T163355
2 B F A DISK 10-JAN-13 1 1 NO TAG20130110T163355
六、恢复数据库
RMAN> restore database;
Starting restore at 10-JAN-13
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /test/ecdata2/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /test/ecdata2/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /test/ecdata2/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /test/ecdata2/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /test/ecdata2/ogg01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /test/ecdata2/mysys01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to /test/ecdata2/mdu01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00008 to /test/ecdata2/elite01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00009 to /test/ecdata2/elitetm01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /test/hotbackup/hotbk__0inv313m_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/test/hotbackup/hotbk__0inv313m_1_1 tag=TAG20130110T163355
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:03:08
RMAN> recover database;
Starting recover at 10-JAN-13
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
unable to find archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=3
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 01/10/2013 17:23:33
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 3 and starting SCN of 4360924
-----由于我备份的时候没有备份归档日志文件的缘故
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;
database opened
RMAN>
到这里实验已经完成，相当于对生产库在同一台server上做了一个副本。