Docker 运行python flask的web程序
1创建镜像
1.1 ubuntu16.04+python3.6
18.04卡在了PPA环节,并且git安装也没安装上,后来使用了dockerHub上搜素到的github仓库中的16.04 Xenial就解决了。
注：镜像TAG版本需要到dockerHub上才能查看，最初下载成18.04就是因为这个原因被坑了
18.04PPA问题:
aptsources.distro.NoDistroTemplateException: Error: could not find a distribution template for Ubuntu/bionic意思是18.04该PPA没有资源.bionic是版本代号,如16.04的 Xenial
⑴使用下载好的Xenial的Dockerfile进行创建镜像docker run 1604ubuntu .
为了使用国内源用阿里云，先编辑一个sources.list，放在dokcerfile同目录下，作为docker创建镜像时的上下文。
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse⑵根据官方的镜像来编写自己的Dockerfile创建具有工具的Ubuntu1604
涉及交互式选择项（如下），docker build的时候会报错。设置 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
FROM 1604ubuntu
MAINTAINER mrli
#用ubuntu国内源替换默认源
RUN rm /etc/apt/sources.list
COPY sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list
#安装python3.6必要的包。源镜像太精简了，ip ifconfig之类的都没有。后续安装python pip也需要一些。但是build_essential似乎不必须，先去了。如果后面安装numpy之类需要gcc了，再加上
RUN apt update
#RUN apt upgrade
RUN apt install -y apt-utils apt-transport-https vim iproute2 net-tools ca-certificates curl build-essential wget python-software-properties software-properties-common psmisc
#安装python3.6 来自第三方
RUN add-apt-repository ppa:jonathonf/python-3.6
RUN apt update
RUN apt install -y python3.6
RUN apt install -y python3.6-dev
RUN apt install -y python3.6-venv
#为3.6安装pip
RUN wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
RUN python3.6 get-pip.py
#设置默认python为python3
RUN update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python2 100
RUN update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3 150
#和自带的3.5共存,设置python3默认为3.6
#RUN update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python3.5 1
RUN update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python3.6 2
# 更新配置
RUN update-alternatives --config python3
#print()时在控制台正常显示中文
ENV PYTHONIOENCODING=utf-8
在dockerfile所在路径下执行，建立image
docker build -t uos:1604 .因为开头几步用了国内源，所以非常快。
1.2 开发环境
再建一个dockerfile，开头使用刚才建立的镜像uos1604
FROM uos:1604
MAINTAINER mrli
#代码复制过来后的路径
RUN mkdir /app
# 指定容器启动时执行的命令都在app目录下执行
WORKDIR /app
# 将本地app目录下的内容拷贝到容器的app目录下
COPY ./app/ /app/
# 安装nginx
RUN apt -y install nginx mysql-server
RUN /etc/init.d/nginx start
# 替换nginx的配置
RUN rm /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
RUN cp nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/nginx.conf
RUN pip3 install uwsgi
#安装需要的python库
# 启动nginx和uwsgi
#ENTRYPOINT pip install -r requirements.txt -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple some-package --no-cache-dir && service nginx restart && uwsgi --ini uwsgi.ini
# 为了保证能之后进入所以最后一个命令为/bin/sh
ENTRYPOINT pip install -r requirements.txt -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple some-package --no-cache-dir && service nginx restart && uwsgi --ini uwsgi.ini & && /bin/sh
创建uflask镜像:docker build -t uflask .
根据镜像创建运行容器:docker run -tid -p 12345:80 flaskdemo IMAGE_ID
此时就可以通过VPS的IP地址:宿主机端口访问这个应用程序
查看日志:docker logs 应用名(NAMES)如docker logs flaskdemo
关于mysql的建议
mysql建议作为单独容器来跑数据库,然后远程连接数据库.或是使用数据卷
#
# 搜索
# docker search mysql
# 拉取
# docker pull mysql:5.7
#运行
# docker run --name mysql5.7 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -p 3307:3306 -d mysql:5.7