目录
| FFmpeg命令行工具学习(一)：查看媒体文件头信息工具ffprobe |
| FFmpeg命令行工具学习(二)：播放媒体文件的工具ffplay |
| FFmpeg命令行工具学习(三)：媒体文件转换工具ffmpeg |
一、简述
ffprobe是ffmpeg命令行工具中相对简单的，此命令是用来查看媒体文件格式的工具。
二、命令格式
在命令行中输入如下格式的命令：
ffprobe [文件名]
三、使用ffprobe查看mp3格式的文件
本文使用的是歌曲《社会摇》，执行的命令为：
ffprobe shy.mp3
输出内容为：
Input #0, mp3, from 'shy.mp3': Metadata: genre : Blues encoder : Lavf56.4.101 comment : 163 key(Don't modify):L64FU3W4YxX3ZFTmbZ+8/UO6KmVXLfTij3uZN/wCXE4a00XHtvOwccwFlS+8ednRD4MnrdUH+aUYZFVY8bObsrabtBM2Ps/UAWPJtsmW/3RXnn6eJcNUHrPALM0003fIpQnn6MOWbdXqog6WFDLpaZJhoPMnFy9u41HxCalUwMEc+mkHNn+nSLlioJfpv4wPBwUhxfLNmOScmXPzOary2k37A/brRx7QUlMD9rkaZ album : 社会摇 title : 社会摇 artist : 萧全 track : 1 Duration: 00:04:09.34, start: 0.025056, bitrate: 323 kb/s Stream #0:0: Audio: mp3, 44100 Hz, stereo, s16p, 320 kb/s Stream #0:1: Video: mjpeg, yuvj444p(pc, bt470bg/unknown/unknown), 500x500 [SAR 72:72 DAR 1:1], 90k tbr, 90k tbn, 90k tbc Metadata: comment : Media (e.g. label side of CD)
首先我们看以下这行信息：
Duration: 00:04:09.34, start: 0.025056, bitrate: 323 kb/s
这行信息表示，该视频文件的时长是4分9秒340毫秒，开始播放时间是0.025056，整个文件的比特率是256Kbit/s，然后我们看下一行信息：
Stream #0:0: Audio: mp3, 44100 Hz, stereo, s16p, 320 kb/s
这行信息表示，第一个流是音频流，编码格式是MP3格式，采样率是44.1KHz，声道是立体声，采样表示格式是SInt16(short)的planner(平铺格式)，这路流的比特率320Kbit/s。
四、使用ffprobe查看mp4格式的文件
本文使用的是视频《泡沫》，执行的命令为：
ffprobe pm.mp4
输出内容为：
Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'pm.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 1 compatible_brands: isomavc1 creation_time : 2016-12-17T16:02:05.000000Z album : Yinyuetai artist : yinyuetai.com comment : Yinyuetai-1TR1151 date : 12/18/16 00:02:05 Duration: 00:04:33.51, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 1104 kb/s Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (Main) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p, 960x540, 1008 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 25k tbn, 50 tbc (default) Metadata: creation_time : 2016-12-17T16:02:05.000000Z handler_name : 264@GPAC0.5.1-DEV-rev5472 Stream #0:1(und): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 92 kb/s (default) Metadata: creation_time : 2016-12-17T15:50:54.000000Z handler_name : Sound Media Handler
首先我们看以下这行信息：
Duration: 00:04:33.51, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 1104 kb/s
这行信息表示，该视频文件的时长是4分33秒510毫秒，开始播放时间是0，整个文件的比特率是1104Kbit/s，然后我们看下一行信息：
Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (Main) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p, 960x540, 1008 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 25k tbn, 50 tbc (default)
这行信息表示，第一个流是视频流，编码格式是H264格式(封装格式为AVC1)，每一帧的数据表示为yuv420p，分辨率为960x540，这路流的比特率为1108Kbit/s，帧率为每秒钟25帧。
接下来我们看下一行：
Stream #0:1(und): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 92 kb/s (default)
这行信息表示第二个流是音频流，编码方式为ACC（封装格式为MP4A），并且采用的Profile是LC规格，采样率是44.1KHz，声道是立体声，这路流的比特率92Kbit/s。
到此为止，我们就掌握了使用ffprobe提取媒体的头文件信息的方式，并了解了提取出来的信息的含义
五、ffprobe高级使用方式
1. 输出格式信息
appledeMacBook-Pro:Desktop renhui$ ffprobe -show_format pm.mp4 ffprobe version 3.4.2 Copyright (c) 2007-2018 the FFmpeg developers built with Apple LLVM version 9.0.0 (clang-900.0.39.2) configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/3.4.2 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-version3 --enable-hardcoded-tables --enable-avresample --cc=clang --host-cflags= --host-ldflags= --disable-jack --enable-gpl --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --enable-opencl --enable-videotoolbox --disable-lzma libavutil 55. 78.100 / 55. 78.100 libavcodec 57.107.100 / 57.107.100 libavformat 57. 83.100 / 57. 83.100 libavdevice 57. 10.100 / 57. 10.100 libavfilter 6.107.100 / 6.107.100 libavresample 3. 7. 0 / 3. 7. 0 libswscale 4. 8.100 / 4. 8.100 libswresample 2. 9.100 / 2. 9.100 libpostproc 54. 7.100 / 54. 7.100 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'pm.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 1 compatible_brands: isomavc1 creation_time : 2016-12-17T16:02:05.000000Z album : Yinyuetai artist : yinyuetai.com comment : Yinyuetai-1TR1151 date : 12/18/16 00:02:05 Duration: 00:04:33.51, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 1104 kb/s Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (Main) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p, 960x540, 1008 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 25k tbn, 50 tbc (default) Metadata: creation_time : 2016-12-17T16:02:05.000000Z handler_name : 264@GPAC0.5.1-DEV-rev5472 Stream #0:1(und): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 92 kb/s (default) Metadata: creation_time : 2016-12-17T15:50:54.000000Z handler_name : Sound Media Handler [FORMAT] filename=pm.mp4 nb_streams=2 nb_programs=0 format_name=mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2 format_long_name=QuickTime / MOV start_time=0.000000 duration=273.506667 size=37776599 bit_rate=1104955 probe_score=100 TAG:major_brand=isom TAG:minor_version=1 TAG:compatible_brands=isomavc1 TAG:creation_time=2016-12-17T16:02:05.000000Z TAG:album=Yinyuetai TAG:artist=yinyuetai.com TAG:comment=Yinyuetai-1TR1151 TAG:date=12/18/16 00:02:05 [/FORMAT]
2. 输出每个流的具体信息（以JSON格式）
appledeMacBook-Pro:Desktop renhui$ ffprobe -print_format json -show_streams pm.mp4 ffprobe version 3.4.2 Copyright (c) 2007-2018 the FFmpeg developers built with Apple LLVM version 9.0.0 (clang-900.0.39.2) configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/3.4.2 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-version3 --enable-hardcoded-tables --enable-avresample --cc=clang --host-cflags= --host-ldflags= --disable-jack --enable-gpl --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --enable-opencl --enable-videotoolbox --disable-lzma libavutil 55. 78.100 / 55. 78.100 libavcodec 57.107.100 / 57.107.100 libavformat 57. 83.100 / 57. 83.100 libavdevice 57. 10.100 / 57. 10.100 libavfilter 6.107.100 / 6.107.100 libavresample 3. 7. 0 / 3. 7. 0 libswscale 4. 8.100 / 4. 8.100 libswresample 2. 9.100 / 2. 9.100 libpostproc 54. 7.100 / 54. 7.100 { Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'pm.mp4': Metadata: major_brand : isom minor_version : 1 compatible_brands: isomavc1 creation_time : 2016-12-17T16:02:05.000000Z album : Yinyuetai artist : yinyuetai.com comment : Yinyuetai-1TR1151 date : 12/18/16 00:02:05 Duration: 00:04:33.51, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 1104 kb/s Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (Main) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p, 960x540, 1008 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 25k tbn, 50 tbc (default) Metadata: creation_time : 2016-12-17T16:02:05.000000Z handler_name : 264@GPAC0.5.1-DEV-rev5472 Stream #0:1(und): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 92 kb/s (default) Metadata: creation_time : 2016-12-17T15:50:54.000000Z handler_name : Sound Media Handler "streams": [ { "index": 0, "codec_name": "h264", "codec_long_name": "H.264 / AVC / MPEG-4 AVC / MPEG-4 part 10", "profile": "Main", "codec_type": "video", "codec_time_base": "1/50", "codec_tag_string": "avc1", "codec_tag": "0x31637661", "width": 960, "height": 540, "coded_width": 960, "coded_height": 540, "has_b_frames": 2, "sample_aspect_ratio": "0:1", "display_aspect_ratio": "0:1", "pix_fmt": "yuv420p", "level": 31, "chroma_location": "left", "refs": 1, "is_avc": "true", "nal_length_size": "4", "r_frame_rate": "25/1", "avg_frame_rate": "25/1", "time_base": "1/25000", "start_pts": 0, "start_time": "0.000000", "duration_ts": 6835000, "duration": "273.400000", "bit_rate": "1008649", "bits_per_raw_sample": "8", "nb_frames": "6835", "disposition": { "default": 1, "dub": 0, "original": 0, "comment": 0, "lyrics": 0, "karaoke": 0, "forced": 0, "hearing_impaired": 0, "visual_impaired": 0, "clean_effects": 0, "attached_pic": 0, "timed_thumbnails": 0 }, "tags": { "creation_time": "2016-12-17T16:02:05.000000Z", "language": "und", "handler_name": "[email protected]" } }, { "index": 1, "codec_name": "aac", "codec_long_name": "AAC (Advanced Audio Coding)", "profile": "LC", "codec_type": "audio", "codec_time_base": "1/44100", "codec_tag_string": "mp4a", "codec_tag": "0x6134706d", "sample_fmt": "fltp", "sample_rate": "44100", "channels": 2, "channel_layout": "stereo", "bits_per_sample": 0, "r_frame_rate": "0/0", "avg_frame_rate": "0/0", "time_base": "1/44100", "start_pts": 0, "start_time": "0.000000", "duration_ts": 12061696, "duration": "273.507846", "bit_rate": "92649", "max_bit_rate": "136240", "nb_frames": "11779", "disposition": { "default": 1, "dub": 0, "original": 0, "comment": 0, "lyrics": 0, "karaoke": 0, "forced": 0, "hearing_impaired": 0, "visual_impaired": 0, "clean_effects": 0, "attached_pic": 0, "timed_thumbnails": 0 }, "tags": { "creation_time": "2016-12-17T15:50:54.000000Z", "language": "und", "handler_name": "Sound Media Handler" } } ] }
3. 显示帧信息
ffprobe -show_frames pm.mp4
4. 查看包信息
ffprobe -show_packets pm.mp4