Python日记Day_11测试代码

《Python编程从入门到实践》日记Day_11

第十一章 测试代码

#name_function
def get_formatted_name(first, last):
    full_name = first + ' ' + last
    return full_name.title()#返回值
#name
from name_function import get_formatted_name#从name_function中调用get_formatted_name函数
print("Enter a 'q' to quit.")#提示用户
while True:
    first = input("Please input you first name : ")
    if first == 'q':
        break
    last = input("Please input you last name : ")
    if last == 'q':
        break
    formatted_name = get_formatted_name(first, last)#调用，存储返回值
    print(formatted_name)

①测试函数

Python标准库中的模块unit test提供了测试代码工具。

1.可通过的测试
先导入unittest以及要测试的函数，再创建一个继承unittest.TestCase的类。

import unittest
from name_function import get_formatted_name

class NamesTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_first_last_name(self):
        formatted_name = get_formatted_name('jsaad', 'adaf')
        self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'Jsaad Adaf')#断言方法
unittest.main()
#######
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 tests in 0.000s

OK

2.不能通过的测试

#name_function
def get_formatted_name(first, middle, last):

    full_name = first + ' ' + middle +' ' + last
    return full_name.title()
#test
import unittest
from name_function import get_formatted_name

class NamesTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_first_last_name(self):
        formatted_name = get_formatted_name('jsaad', 'adaf')
        self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'Jsaad Adaf')
unittest.main()

这个代码则显示测试未通过。书上对错误的描述十分详细，不赘述了。

3.测试未通过时怎么办
应对参与测试的函数进行修改

def get_formatted_name(first, middle = '', last):#控制参数的个数
    if middle:
        full_name = first + ' ' + middle +' ' + last
    else:
         full_name = first + ' ' + last
    return full_name.title()

4.添加新测试

import unittest
from name_function import get_formatted_name

class NamesTestCase(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_first_middle_last_name(self):
        formatted_name = get_formatted_name('qwe', 'rty', 'qwe')
        self.assertEqual(formatted_name,'Qwe Qwe Rty')
    def test_first_last_name(self):
        formatted_name = get_formatted_name('jsaad', 'adaf')
        self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'Jsaad Adaf')


unittest.main()
#
..
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 ests in 0.000s

OK

②测试类

1.各种断言方式

assertEqual(a, b) 核实 a == b
assertNotEqual(a, b) 核实 a ！= b
assertTure(a, b) 核实 x为True
assertFalse(a, b) 核实x为Flase
assertNotIn(item, list) 核实item在list中
assertNotIn(item, list) 核实item不在list中

2.一个要测试的类

#survey
class AnonymousSurvey:

    def __init__(self, question):
        self.question = question
        self.responses = []

    def show_question(self):
        print(**self.**question)

    def store_response(self, new_response):
        self.responses.append(new_response)

    def show_results(self):
        for x in **self.**responses:
            print(x)
##加星号的是书上漏的，不加会报错

#language_survey
from survey import AnonymousSurvey

question = "What is your favorite language?"
my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)

my_survey.show_question()
print("Enter 'q' at any time to quit.")
while True:
    response = input("language: ")
    if response == 'q':
        break
    my_survey.store_response(response)
my_survey.show_results()
####输出
language: C
language: Java
language: q
C
Java

3.测试AnonymousSurvey类

#test_survey
import unittest
from survey import AnonymousSurvey

class TestAnonymousSurvey(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_store_single_response(self):
        question = 'What language do you like.'
        my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
        my_survey.store_response('English')

        self.assertIn('English', my_survey.responses)
unittest.main()
####
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 tests in 0.000s
OK

同样，在AnonymousSurvey添加新的方法时也会被检验。

4.方法setup()
使用setup()来创建一个调查对象和一组答案。

import unittest
from survey import AnonymousSurvey

class TestAnonymousSurvey(unittest.TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        question = 'What language do you like.'
        self.my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
        self.response = ['English', 'Spanish','C']

    def test_store_single_response(self):
        self.my_survey.store_response(self.response[0])
        self.assertIn(self.response[0], self.my_survey.responses)

    def test_store_three_response(self):
        for x in self.response:
            self.my_survey.store_response(x)
        for x in self.response:
            self.assertIn(x, self.my_survey)

unittest.main()

说实话，类我理解的不是很透彻。不过到此为止，基础部分已经结束了，准备把习题代码敲完，复习一下。然后开始项目的实战，做个游戏，对一些数据进行可视化，创建一个Web应用程序。继续加油吧！！！！