嵩天Python学习案例笔记

嵩天python学习笔记

1.温度转换

TempStr = input("请输入带有符号的温度值：")
if TempStr[-1] in ["C","c"]:
    F = 1.8*eval(TempStr[0:-1]) + 32
    print("转换后的温度是{:.2f}F".format(F))
elif TempStr[-1] in ["F","f"]:
    C = (eval(TempStr[0:-1]) - 32 )/1.8
    print("转换后的温度是{:.2f}C".format(C))
else:
    print("输入格式错误")

请输入带有符号的温度值：32f
转换后的温度是0.00C

2.Turtle库

import turtle 
turtle.setup(650, 350,) 
turtle.penup() 
turtle.fd(-250) 
turtle.pendown()
turtle.pensize(25)
turtle.pencolor("purple") 
turtle.seth(-40)
for i in range(4): 
    turtle.circle(40, 80)   
    turtle.circle(-40, 80)
turtle.circle(40, 80/2)
turtle.fd(40)
turtle.circle(16, 180)
turtle.fd(40 * 2/3)
turtle.done()

3.文本进度条

import time as t
scale = 10
print("- - - - - -执行开始- - - - - -")
for i in range(scale+1):
    c = (i/scale) * 100
    b = '.' * (scale - i)
    a = '*' * i
    print("{:^3.0f}%[{}->{}]".format(c,a,b))
    t.sleep(0.1)
print("- - - - - -执行结束- - - - - -")

- - - - - -执行开始- - - - - -
 0 %[->..........]
10 %[*->.........]
20 %[**->........]
30 %[***->.......]
40 %[****->......]
50 %[*****->.....]
60 %[******->....]
70 %[*******->...]
80 %[********->..]
90 %[*********->.]
100%[**********->]
- - - - - -执行结束- - - - - -

import time as t
for i in range(101):
    print("\r{:3}%".format(i),end="")
    t.sleep(0.1)

100%

import time
scale = 50
print("执行开始".center(scale//2, "-"))
start = time.perf_counter()
for i in range(scale+1): 
    a = '*' * i    
    b = '.' * (scale - i)  
    c = (i/scale)*100   
    dur = time.perf_counter() - start  
    print("\r{:^3.0f}%[{}->{}]{:.2f}s".format(c,a,b,dur),end='')    
    time.sleep(0.1) 
print("\n"+"执行结束".center(scale//2,'-'))

-----------执行开始----------
100%[**************************************************->]5.07s
-----------执行结束----------

4.蒙特卡罗方法圆周率的计算

from random import random
from time import perf_counter
DARTS = 1000*1000
hits = 0.0
start = perf_counter()
for i in range(1,DARTS+1):
    x,y = random(),random()
    dist = pow(x ** 2 + y ** 2,0.5)
    if dist <= 1.0:
        hits = hits + 1
    
pi = 4*(hits/DARTS)
print("圆周率值是：{}".format(pi))
print("运行时间是：{:.5f}s".format(perf_counter()-start ))

圆周率值是：3.143016
运行时间是：1.19607s

5.七段数码管的绘制

import turtle
import time

def drawGap():
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.fd(5)
    
def drawLine(draw):            #绘制单段数码管
    drawGap()
    turtle.pendown() if draw else turtle.penup()
    turtle.fd(40)
    drawGap()
    turtle.right(90)

def drawDigit(digit):         #根据数字绘制七段数码管
    drawLine(True) if digit in [2,3,4,5,6,8,9] else drawLine(False)
    drawLine(True) if digit in [0,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] else drawLine(False)
    drawLine(True) if digit in [0,2,3,5,6,8,9] else drawLine(False)
    drawLine(True) if digit in [0,2,6,8] else drawLine(False)
    turtle.left(90)
    drawLine(True) if digit in [0,4,5,6,8,9] else drawLine(False)
    drawLine(True) if digit in [0,2,3,5,6,7,8,9] else drawLine(False)
    drawLine(True) if digit in [0,1,2,3,4,7,8,9] else drawLine(False)
    turtle.left(180)
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.fd(20)
    
def drawDate(date):      #获得要输出的数字
    turtle.pencolor('red')
    for i in date:
        if i == '-':
            turtle.write('年',font=("Arial",26,"normal"))
            turtle.fd(40)
            turtle.pencolor('green')
        elif i == '=':
            turtle.write('月',font=("Arial",26,"normal"))
            turtle.fd(40)
            turtle.pencolor('blue')
        elif i == '+':
            turtle.write('日',font=("Arial",26,"normal"))
        else:
            drawDigit(eval(i))

def main():
    turtle.setup(800,350)
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.fd(-330)
    turtle.pensize(5)
    drawDate(time.strftime('%Y-%m=%d+',time.gmtime()))
    turtle.hideturtle()
    turtle.done()
    
main()

6.科赫雪花的绘制

import turtle

def koch(size,n):
    if n == 0:
        turtle.fd(size)
    else:
        for angle in [0,60,-120,60]:
            turtle.left(angle)
            koch(size/3,n-1)
            
def main():
    turtle.setup(600,600)
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.goto(-200,100)
    turtle.pendown()
    turtle.pensize(2)
    level = 3      #三阶科赫曲线
    koch(400,level)
    turtle.right(120)
    koch(400,level)
    turtle.right(120)
    koch(400,level)
    turtle.right(120)
    turtle.hideturtle()
    
main()

7.基本统计值计算

def getNum():       #获取用户不定长度的输入
    nums = []
    iNumStr = input("请输入数字(回车退出): ")
    while iNumStr != "":
        nums.append(eval(iNumStr))
        iNumStr = input("请输入数字(回车退出): ")
    return nums
 
def mean(numbers):  #计算平均值
    s = 0.0
    for num in numbers:
        s = s + num
    return s / len(numbers)
 
def dev(numbers, mean): #计算方差
    sdev = 0.0
    for num in numbers:
        sdev = sdev + (num - mean)**2
    return pow(sdev / (len(numbers)-1), 0.5)
 
def median(numbers):    #计算中位数
    sorted(numbers)
    size = len(numbers)
    if size % 2 == 0:
        med = (numbers[size//2-1] + numbers[size//2])/2
    else:
        med = numbers[size//2]
    return med
 
n =  getNum() #主体函数
m =  mean(n)
print("平均值:{},方差:{:.2},中位数:{}.".format(m, dev(n,m),median(n)))

请输入数字(回车退出): 1
请输入数字(回车退出): 2
请输入数字(回车退出): 3
请输入数字(回车退出): 4
请输入数字(回车退出): 5
请输入数字(回车退出): 6
请输入数字(回车退出): 7
请输入数字(回车退出): 8
请输入数字(回车退出): 9
请输入数字(回车退出): 
平均值:5.0,方差:2.7,中位数:5.