在Java中发送邮件主要品依靠javax.mail包,但是由于使用比较繁琐,因此Hutool针对其做了封装。由于依赖第三方包,因此将此工具类归类到extra模块中。
Hutool对所有第三方都是可选依赖,因此在使用MailUtil时需要自行引入第三方依赖。
javax.mail
mail
1.4.7
在classpath(在标准Maven项目中为src/main/resources
)的config目录下新建mail.setting
文件,最小配置内容如下,在此配置下,smtp服务器和用户名都将通过from
参数识别:
# 发件人(必须正确,否则发送失败)
from = [email protected]
# 密码(注意,某些邮箱需要为SMTP服务单独设置密码,详情查看相关帮助)
pass = q1w2e3
有时候一些非标准邮箱服务器(例如企业邮箱服务器)的smtp地址等信息并不与发件人后缀一致,端口也可能不同,此时Hutool可以提供完整的配置文件:
完整配置
# 邮件服务器的SMTP地址,可选,默认为smtp.<发件人邮箱后缀>
host = smtp.yeah.net
# 邮件服务器的SMTP端口,可选,默认25
port = 25
# 发件人(必须正确,否则发送失败)
from = [email protected]
# 用户名,默认为发件人邮箱前缀
user = hutool
# 密码(注意,某些邮箱需要为SMTP服务单独设置密码,详情查看相关帮助)
pass = q1w2e3
注意 邮件服务器必须支持并打开SMTP协议,详细请查看相关帮助说明 配置文件的样例中提供的是我专门为测试邮件功能注册的yeah.net邮箱,帐号密码公开,供Hutool用户测试使用。
MailUtil.send("[email protected]", "测试", "邮件来自Hutool测试", false);
MailUtil.send("[email protected]", "测试", "邮件来自Hutool测试
", true, FileUtil.file("d:/aaa.xml"));
ArrayList tos = CollUtil.newArrayList(
"[email protected]",
"[email protected]",
"[email protected]",
"[email protected]");
MailUtil.send(tos, "测试", "邮件来自Hutool群发测试", false);
发送邮件非常简单,只需一个方法即可搞定其中按照参数顺序说明如下:
除了使用配置文件定义全局账号以外,MailUtil.send
方法同时提供重载方法可以传入一个MailAccount
对象,这个对象为一个普通Bean,记录了邮件服务器信息。
MailAccount account = new MailAccount();
account.setHost("smtp.yeah.net");
account.setPort("25");
account.setAuth(true);
account.setFrom("[email protected]");
account.setUser("hutool");
account.setPass("q1w2e3");
MailUtil.send(account, CollUtil.newArrayList("[email protected]"), "测试", "邮件来自Hutool测试", false);
# 发件人(必须正确,否则发送失败),“小磊”可以任意变更,<>内的地址必须唯一,以下方式也对
# from = [email protected]
from = 小磊
# 密码(注意,某些邮箱需要为SMTP服务单独设置密码,详情查看相关帮助)
pass = q1w2e3
# 使用SSL安全连接
sslEnable = true
在原先极简配置下只需加入sslEnable
即可完成SSL连接,当然,这是最简单的配置,很多参数根据已有参数已设置为默认。
完整的配置文件如下:
# 邮件服务器的SMTP地址
host = smtp.yeah.net
# 邮件服务器的SMTP端口
port = 465
# 发件人(必须正确,否则发送失败)
from = [email protected]
# 用户名(注意:如果使用foxmail邮箱,此处user为qq号)
user = hutool
# 密码(注意,某些邮箱需要为SMTP服务单独设置密码,详情查看相关帮助)
pass = q1w2e3
#使用 STARTTLS安全连接,STARTTLS是对纯文本通信协议的扩展。
startttlsEnable = true
# 使用SSL安全连接
sslEnable = true
# 指定实现javax.net.SocketFactory接口的类的名称,这个类将被用于创建SMTP的套接字
socketFactoryClass = javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory
# 如果设置为true,未能创建一个套接字使用指定的套接字工厂类将导致使用java.net.Socket创建的套接字类, 默认值为true
socketFactoryFallback = true
# 指定的端口连接到在使用指定的套接字工厂。如果没有设置,将使用默认端口456
socketFactoryPort = 465
# SMTP超时时长,单位毫秒,缺省值不超时
timeout = 0
# Socket连接超时值,单位毫秒,缺省值不超时
connectionTimeout = 0
3、针对QQ邮箱和Foxmail邮箱的说明
(1) QQ邮箱中SMTP密码是单独生成的授权码,而非你的QQ密码,至于怎么生成,见腾讯的帮助说明:http://service.mail.qq.com/cgi-bin/help?subtype=1&&id=28&&no=1001256
使用帮助引导生成授权码后,配置如下即可:
pass = 你生成的授权码
(2) Foxmail邮箱本质上也是QQ邮箱的一种别名,你可以在你的QQ邮箱中设置一个foxmail邮箱,不过配置上有所区别。在Hutool中user
属性默认提取你邮箱@前面的部分,但是foxmail邮箱是无效的,需要单独配置为与之绑定的qq号码或者[email protected]
的XXXX
。即:
host = smtp.qq.com
from = [email protected]
user = foxmail邮箱对应的QQ号码或者qq邮箱@前面部分
...
1.配置文件:
spring:
mail:
#163邮箱服务器配置
host: smtp.163.com
username: [email protected]
password: XXXXX
#protocol: smtp
properties.mail.smtp.auth: true
#465或者994
properties.mail.smtp.port: 465
#ssl 有关配置,如果不用ssl配置,直接启用25端口即可,不用配置socketFactory
properties.mail.smtp.socketFactory.class: javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory
properties.mail.smtp.socketFactory.fallback: false
properties.mail.smtp.socketFactory.port: 465
default-encoding: utf-8
from: [email protected]
2.JavaMailSender接口(发送邮件)
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
/**
* Title: MailService
* Description: JavaMailSender接口发送邮件
*
*/
public interface MailService {
/**
* 发送文本邮件
* @param to
* @param subject
* @param content
*/
void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content);
void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content, String... cc);
/**
* 发送HTML邮件
* @param to
* @param subject
* @param content
* @throws MessagingException
*/
void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content) throws Exception;
void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content, String... cc) throws MessagingException;
/**
* 发送带附件的邮件
* @param to
* @param subject
* @param content
* @param filePath
* @throws MessagingException
*/
void sendAttachmentsMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath) throws MessagingException;
void sendAttachmentsMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath, String... cc) throws MessagingException;
/**
* 发送正文中有静态资源的邮件
* @param to
* @param subject
* @param content
* @param rscPath
* @param rscId
* @throws MessagingException
*/
void sendResourceMail(String to, String subject, String content, String rscPath, String rscId) throws MessagingException;
void sendResourceMail(String to, String subject, String content, String rscPath, String rscId, String... cc) throws MessagingException ;
}
2.JavaMailSender接口实现类
import com.ciip.cloud.core.usercenter.service.MailService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;
import java.io.File;
/**
* Title: MailServiceImpl
* Description: JavaMailSender发送邮件
*/
@Service
public class MailServiceImpl implements MailService {
//邮件发送者email
@Value("${spring.mail.from}")
private String from;
//邮件系统发送方
@Value("${ciip.email.systemSenderName}")
private String systemSenderName;
@Autowired
private JavaMailSender mailSender;
@Override
public void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content) {
SimpleMailMessage message=new SimpleMailMessage();
message.setFrom(from);
message.setTo(to);
message.setSubject(subject);
message.setText(content);
mailSender.send(message);
}
@Override
public void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content, String... cc) {
SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
message.setFrom(from);
message.setTo(to);
message.setCc(cc);
message.setSubject(subject);
message.setText(content);
mailSender.send(message);
}
@Override
public void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content) throws Exception {
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
//邮件发送人=网站名称+<邮箱>
helper.setFrom(MimeUtility.encodeWord(systemSenderName) +"<"+from+">");
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(content, true);
mailSender.send(message);
}
@Override
public void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content, String... cc) throws MessagingException {
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setFrom(from);
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(content, true);
helper.setCc(cc);
mailSender.send(message);
}
@Override
public void sendAttachmentsMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath) throws MessagingException {
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setFrom(from);
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(content, true);
FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(filePath));
String fileName = filePath.substring(filePath.lastIndexOf(File.separator));
helper.addAttachment(fileName, file);
mailSender.send(message);
}
@Override
public void sendAttachmentsMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath, String... cc) throws MessagingException{
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setFrom(from);
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(content, true);
helper.setCc(cc);
FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(filePath));
String fileName = filePath.substring(filePath.lastIndexOf(File.separator));
helper.addAttachment(fileName, file);
mailSender.send(message);
}
@Override
public void sendResourceMail(String to, String subject, String content, String rscPath, String rscId) throws MessagingException {
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setFrom(from);
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(content, true);
FileSystemResource res = new FileSystemResource(new File(rscPath));
helper.addInline(rscId, res);
mailSender.send(message);
}
@Override
public void sendResourceMail(String to, String subject, String content, String rscPath, String rscId, String... cc) throws MessagingException {
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setFrom(from);
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(content, true);
FileSystemResource res = new FileSystemResource(new File(rscPath));
helper.addInline(rscId, res);
mailSender.send(message);
}
}
4.controller层
/**
* 获取邮箱验证码
*
*
* @param email 邮箱
* @param type 类型(绑定,更改)
* @return
*/
@ApiOperation(value="获取邮箱验证码", notes = "")
@PostMapping(value = CIIPCommonConstant.ApiAuth.ANON + "/emailVerificationCode")
public ResponseMessage emailVerificationCode(@RequestParam(value = "email") String email,
@RequestParam(value = "type") String type) throws Exception{
return ciipUserService.emailVerificationCode(email,type);
}
5.service层:
/**
* 获取邮箱验证码
*
*
* @param email 邮箱
* @param type 类型(绑定,更改)
* @return
*/
ResponseMessage emailVerificationCode(String email,String type) throws Exception;
6.service实现层:
@Value("${ciip.email.bindingEmailSubject}")
private String bindingEmailSubject;
@Value("${ciip.email.updateEmailSubject}")
private String updateEmailSubject;
/**
* 获取邮箱验证码
*
* @param email 邮箱
* @param type 类型(绑定,更改)
* @return
*/
@Override
public ResponseMessage emailVerificationCode(String email,String type) throws Exception {
//根据邮箱获取用户信息
CiipUser ciipUser = ciipUserRepository.findCiipUserByEmail(email);
if(null == ciipUser){
return ResultUtil.error(UserCenterStatusCode.MESSAGE_NOT_EXIST.getCode(),"用户"+UserCenterStatusCode.MESSAGE_NOT_EXIST.getMsg());
}
//失效时间,5分钟过期
int time=300;
//邮箱模板
StringBuilder templateContent = new StringBuilder();
templateContent.append("{email},您好!"+"
");
templateContent.append("感谢您对CIIP平台的支持。
");
templateContent.append("您的邮箱验证码:
");
templateContent.append("{code}
");
templateContent.append("(该验证码5分钟后需要重新获取。该邮箱由CIIP账号安全服务系统自动发送,请勿直接回复)
");
//模板字符窜
String templateContentStr = templateContent.toString();
//填充模板参数
Map paramsMap = new HashMap();
//对方用户名称
paramsMap.put("email",ciipUser.getEmail());
//此处是生成6位数验证码工具类
String validateCode = CoreUtils.randomString(6, true);
paramsMap.put("code",validateCode);
//正文内容
String cotnent = StrUtil.format(templateContentStr,paramsMap);
//绑定邮箱
if(type.equals(CIIPCommonConstant.MobileValidateCodeSouceType.BINDING)){
//发送Html形式的邮件
mailService.sendHtmlMail(ciipUser.getEmail(),bindingEmailSubject,cotnent);
redisUtil.setWithExpireTime(CIIPCommonConstant.CIIP_PROTAL,CIIPCommonConstant.VALIDATE_CODE_KEY_EMAIL_BINDING+ciipUser.getEmail(), validateCode,time);
}
//变更邮箱
if(type.equals(CIIPCommonConstant.MobileValidateCodeSouceType.UPDATE)){
mailService.sendHtmlMail(ciipUser.getEmail(),updateEmailSubject,cotnent);
redisUtil.setWithExpireTime(CIIPCommonConstant.CIIP_PROTAL,CIIPCommonConstant.VALIDATE_CODE_KEY_EMAIL_UPDATE+ciipUser.getEmail(), validateCode,time);
}
return ResultUtil.success(UserCenterStatusCode.SEND_EMAIL_SUCCESS.getCode(),UserCenterStatusCode.SEND_EMAIL_SUCCESS.getMsg());
}