生成证书
# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
# documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
# * Neither the name of the axTLS project nor the names of its
# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
# from this software without specific prior written permission.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
# CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
# TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
# OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
# NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
# THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
#
#
# Generate the certificates and keys for testing.
#
PROJECT_NAME="TLS Project"
# Generate the openssl configuration files.
cat > ca_cert.conf << EOF
[ req ]
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
prompt = no
[ req_distinguished_name ]
O = $PROJECT_NAME Dodgy Certificate Authority
EOF
cat > server_cert.conf << EOF
[ req ]
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
prompt = no
[ req_distinguished_name ]
O = $PROJECT_NAME
CN = 192.168.111.100
EOF
cat > client_cert.conf << EOF
[ req ]
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
prompt = no
[ req_distinguished_name ]
O = $PROJECT_NAME Device Certificate
CN = 192.168.111.101
EOF
mkdir ca
mkdir server
mkdir client
mkdir certDER
# private key generation
openssl genrsa -out ca.key 1024
openssl genrsa -out server.key 1024
openssl genrsa -out client.key 1024
# cert requests
openssl req -out ca.req -key ca.key -new \
-config ./ca_cert.conf
openssl req -out server.req -key server.key -new \
-config ./server_cert.conf
openssl req -out client.req -key client.key -new \
-config ./client_cert.conf
# generate the actual certs.
openssl x509 -req -in ca.req -out ca.crt \
-sha1 -days 5000 -signkey ca.key
openssl x509 -req -in server.req -out server.crt \
-sha1 -CAcreateserial -days 5000 \
-CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key
openssl x509 -req -in client.req -out client.crt \
-sha1 -CAcreateserial -days 5000 \
-CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key
openssl x509 -in ca.crt -outform DER -out ca.der
openssl x509 -in server.crt -outform DER -out server.der
openssl x509 -in client.crt -outform DER -out client.der
mv ca.crt ca.key ca/
mv server.crt server.key server/
mv client.crt client.key client/
mv ca.der server.der client.der certDER/
rm *.conf
rm *.req
rm *.srl
将上述代码保存为makefile.sh
做如下修改，终端执行。
-
修改 CN 域中 IP 地址为你主机/设备的 IP 地址
-
[可选]加密位数 1024 修改为你需要的加密位数
CA校验证书测试
进行如下测试，以验证证书是否可用：
$openssl verify -CAfile ca/ca.crt server/server.crt
$openssl verify -CAfile ca/ca.crt client/client.crt
结果如下：
配置单/双向认证
step 1.进入配置文件
sudo vim /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf
step 2.找到 Default listener,在该栏下进行如下配置
再找到Certificate based SSL/TLS support字段.
即：
port 8883
cafile /etc/mosquitto/CA/ca.crt
certfile /etc/mosquitto/CA/server/server.crt
keyfile /etc/mosquitto/CA/server/server.key
require_certificate true
use_identity_as_username true
根据自己路径不同配置校验文件路径，这里是把文件放在/etc/mosquitto/CA/下
注意!!!
根据单向认证和双向认证需要，可能需修改的字段有：
a) port 8883 // MQTT服务器将选择此端口 listen
b) cafile /etc/mosquitto/CA/ca.crt
双向认证必须配置为你的CA证书
单向认证(通常认为是client校验server证书，下同)可选配置
单向认证中，server 和 client 端 ca 配置必须保持一致。即 server 若配置 ca.crt ,则 client 必须配置 ca.crt， server 不配置ca.crt ,client 也不可配置 ca.crt
路径必须为绝对路径！！！
c) certfile /etc/mosquitto/CA/server/server.crt
单项认证和双向认证都必须配置为你的server证书
d) keyfile /etc/mosquitto/CA/server/server.key
单项认证和双向认证都必须配置为你的server私钥
e) require_certificate true
单向认证需设置为 false,注释此行，默认也是 false
双向认证必须配置为true
f) use_identity_as_username true
单向认证设置为 false,注释此行，默认也是 false
双向认证通常设置为true
从上面可以看出，双向和单项认证的区别是，除了需要单向SSL认证需要的CA的证书，服务器端的公钥和私钥的证书之外，还需要开启下面的两个开关。
require_certificate true
use_identity_as_username true
重启服务
mosquitto -c /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf
如果提示端口被占用，先ps出mosquitto，再kill掉
ps -aux | grep "mosquitto"
kill -9 XXXXX
单双向切换
单向认证只需要注释两行即可:
#require_certificate true
#use_identity_as_username true
如下：
port 8883
cafile /etc/mosquitto/CA/ca/ca.crt
certfile /etc/mosquitto/CA/server/server.crt
keyfile /etc/mosquitto/CA/server/server.key
同时打开单双向认证
step 1.
在先将/etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf 文件按上面配置默认打开双向认证，再找到 Extra listener字段
进行如下配置，打开另一个端口用作单向认证
step 2.
再在该字段下找到Certificate based SSL/TLS support字段
step 3.重启服务
mosquitto -c /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf
验证
step 1.进入到CA证书目录下：
step 2.双向：
终端一：订阅
mosquitto_sub -h 10.30.11.47 -p 8883 -t "mqtt/server/topic" --cafile ./ca/ca.crt --cert ./client/client.pem --key ./client/client.key &
终端二：发布
mosquitto_pub -h 10.30.11.47 -p 8883 -t "mqtt/server/topic" -m "hello,world!" --cafile ./ca/ca.crt --cert ./server/server.pem --key ./server/server.key
step 3. 单向
终端一：订阅
mosquitto_sub -h 10.30.11.47 -p 8884 -t "mqtt/server/topic" --cafile ./ca/ca.crt &
终端二：发布
mosquitto_pub -h 10.30.11.47 -p 8884 -t "mqtt/server/topic" -m " hello,world!" --cafile ./ca/ca.crt