1、Create/Drop/Alter Database
CREATE (DATABASE|SCHEMA) [IF NOT EXISTS] database_name
[COMMENT database_comment]
[LOCATION hdfs_path]
[WITH DBPROPERTIES (property_name=property_value, ...)];
ABSTRACT SYNTAX TREE:
(TOK_CREATEDATABASE db_name)
DROP (DATABASE|SCHEMA) [IF EXISTS] database_name [RESTRICT|CASCADE];
ABSTRACT SYNTAX TREE:
(TOK_DROPDATABASE db_name TOK_IFEXISTS)
ALTER (DATABASE|SCHEMA) database_name SET DBPROPERTIES (property_name=property_value, ...); -- (Note: SCHEMA added in Hive 0.14.0)
ALTER (DATABASE|SCHEMA) database_name SET OWNER [USER|ROLE] user_or_role;
hive0.14版本以后才支持
USE database_name
ABSTRACT SYNTAX TREE:
(TOK_SWITCHDATABASE huanggang)
2、Create/Drop/Truncate Table
CREATE [TEMPORARY] [EXTERNAL] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] [db_name.]table_name -- (Note: TEMPORARY available in Hive 0.14.0 and later)
[(col_name data_type [COMMENT col_comment], ...)]
[COMMENT table_comment]
[PARTITIONED BY (col_name data_type [COMMENT col_comment], ...)]
[CLUSTERED BY (col_name, col_name, ...) [SORTED BY (col_name [ASC|DESC], ...)] INTO num_buckets BUCKETS]
[SKEWED BY (col_name, col_name, ...) ON ([(col_value, col_value, ...), ...|col_value, col_value, ...])
[STORED AS DIRECTORIES] -- (Note: Available in Hive 0.10.0 and later)]
[
[ROW FORMAT row_format]
[STORED AS file_format]
| STORED BY 'storage.handler.class.name' [WITH SERDEPROPERTIES (...)] -- (Note: Available in Hive 0.6.0 and later)
]
[LOCATION hdfs_path]
[TBLPROPERTIES (property_name=property_value, ...)] -- (Note: Available in Hive 0.6.0 and later)
[AS select_statement]; -- (Note: Available in Hive 0.5.0 and later; not supported for external tables)
CREATE [TEMPORARY] [EXTERNAL] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] [db_name.]table_name
LIKE existing_table_or_view_name
[LOCATION hdfs_path];
data_type
: primitive_type
| array_type
| map_type
| struct_type
| union_type -- (Note: Available in Hive 0.7.0 and later)
primitive_type
: TINYINT
| SMALLINT
| INT
| BIGINT
| BOOLEAN
| FLOAT
| DOUBLE
| STRING
| BINARY -- (Note: Available in Hive 0.8.0 and later)
| TIMESTAMP -- (Note: Available in Hive 0.8.0 and later)
| DECIMAL -- (Note: Available in Hive 0.11.0 and later)
| DECIMAL(precision, scale) -- (Note: Available in Hive 0.13.0 and later)
| VARCHAR -- (Note: Available in Hive 0.12.0 and later)
| CHAR -- (Note: Available in Hive 0.13.0 and later)
array_type
: ARRAY < data_type >
map_type
: MAP < primitive_type, data_type >
struct_type
: STRUCT < col_name : data_type [COMMENT col_comment], ...>
union_type
: UNIONTYPE < data_type, data_type, ... > -- (Note: Available in Hive 0.7.0 and later)
row_format
: DELIMITED [FIELDS TERMINATED BY char [ESCAPED BY char]] [COLLECTION ITEMS TERMINATED BY char]
[MAP KEYS TERMINATED BY char] [LINES TERMINATED BY char]
[NULL DEFINED AS char] -- (Note: Available in Hive 0.13 and later)
| SERDE serde_name [WITH SERDEPROPERTIES (property_name=property_value, property_name=property_value, ...)]
file_format:
: SEQUENCEFILE
| TEXTFILE -- (Default, depending on hive.default.fileformat configuration)
| RCFILE -- (Note: Available in Hive 0.6.0 and later)
| ORC -- (Note: Available in Hive 0.11.0 and later)
| AVRO -- (Note: Available in Hive 0.14.0 and later)
| INPUTFORMAT input_format_classname OUTPUTFORMAT output_format_classname
ABSTRACT SYNTAX TREE:
(TOK_CREATETABLE (TOK_TABNAME page_view) TOK_LIKETABLE (TOK_TABCOLLIST (TOK_TABCOL viewTime TOK_INT) (TOK_TABCOL userid TOK_BIGINT) (TOK_TABCOL page_url TOK_STRING) (TOK_TABCOL referrer_url TOK_STRING) (TOK_TABCOL ip TOK_STRING 'IP Address of the User')) (TOK_TABLECOMMENT 'This is the page view table') (TOK_TABLEPARTCOLS (TOK_TABCOLLIST (TOK_TABCOL dt TOK_STRING) (TOK_TABCOL country TOK_STRING))) (TOK_TABLEROWFORMAT (TOK_SERDEPROPS (TOK_TABLEROWFORMATFIELD '\001'))) TOK_TBLSEQUENCEFILE)
DROP TABLE [IF EXISTS] table_name;
ABSTRACT SYNTAX TREE:
(TOK_DROPTABLE (TOK_TABNAME huanggang tbl) TOK_IFEXISTS)
TRUNCATE TABLE table_name [PARTITION partition_spec];
ABSTRACT SYNTAX TREE:
(TOK_TRUNCATETABLE (TOK_TABLE_PARTITION page_view (TOK_PARTSPEC (TOK_PARTVAL dt 'dd') (TOK_PARTVAL country "dd"))))
ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME TO new_table_name;
ABSTRACT SYNTAX TREE:
(TOK_ALTERTABLE_RENAME pokes new_name)
ALTER TABLE table_name SET TBLPROPERTIES table_properties;
ABSTRACT SYNTAX TREE:
(TOK_ALTERTABLE_PROPERTIES pokes (TOK_TABLEPROPERTIES (TOK_TABLEPROPLIST (TOK_TABLEPROPERTY 'comment' 'fd'))))
3、Create/Drop/Alter View
暂时不用
4、Create/Drop/Alter Index
暂时不用
5、Create/Drop/Grant/Revoke Roles and Privileges
基于unix用户体系的权限, 用处不大
6、Loading files into tables
LOAD DATA [LOCAL] INPATH 'filepath' [OVERWRITE] INTO TABLE tablename [PARTITION (partcol1=val1, partcol2=val2 ...)]
ABSTRACT SYNTAX TREE:
(TOK_LOAD "file:///root/29269.0002.txt" (TOK_TAB (TOK_TABNAME pokes)) local overwrite)
7、Inserting data into Hive Tables from queries
FROM from_statement
INSERT OVERWRITE TABLE tablename1 [PARTITION (partcol1=val1, partcol2=val2 ...) [IF NOT EXISTS]] select_statement1
ABSTRACT SYNTAX TREE:
(TOK_QUERY (TOK_FROM (TOK_TABREF (TOK_TABNAME pokes) p)) (TOK_INSERT (TOK_DESTINATION (TOK_TAB (TOK_TABNAME pokes1))) (TOK_SELECT (TOK_SELEXPR (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL p) foo)) (TOK_SELEXPR (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL p) bar)))))
8、Update/Delete
目前hive0.13版本以上支持
9、Import/Export
EXPORT TABLE tablename [PARTITION (part_column="value"[, ...])]
TO 'export_target_path'
ABSTRACT SYNTAX TREE:
(TOK_EXPORT (TOK_TAB (TOK_TABNAME pokes)) "/fdsfd/")
10、Select
SELECT [ALL | DISTINCT] select_expr, select_expr, ...
FROM table_reference
[WHERE where_condition]
[GROUP BY col_list]
[CLUSTER BY col_list
| [DISTRIBUTE BY col_list] [SORT BY col_list]
]
[LIMIT number]
ABSTRACT SYNTAX TREE:
(TOK_QUERY (TOK_FROM (TOK_TABREF (TOK_TABNAME default test_2))) (TOK_INSERT (TOK_DESTINATION (TOK_DIR TOK_TMP_FILE)) (TOK_SELECT (TOK_SELEXPR TOK_ALLCOLREF))))