有时我们在查询某个实体的时候,给定的条件是不固定的,这是我们就需要动态 构建相应的查询语句,在JPA2.0中我们可以通过Criteria接口查询,JPA criteria查询.相比JPQL,其优势是类型安全,更加的面向对象.而在Spring data JPA中相应的接口是JpaSpecificationExecutor,这个接口基本是围绕着Specification接口来定义的。 Specification接口中只定义了如下一个方法:
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Predicate toPredicate(Root |
我们只需要重写这个方法即可,相关知识请自行查阅JPA Criteria查询
过滤条件
1:过滤条件会被应用到SQL语句的FROM子句中。在criteria 查询中,查询条件通过Predicate或Expression实例应用到CriteriaQuery对象上。
2:这些条件使用 CriteriaQuery .where 方法应用到CriteriaQuery 对象上
3:CriteriaBuilder也作为Predicate实例的工厂,通过调用CriteriaBuilder 的条件方法( equal,notEqual, gt, ge,lt, le,between,like等)创建Predicate对象。
4:复合的Predicate 语句可以使用CriteriaBuilder的and, or andnot 方法构建。
相关代码如下,在这个例子中我们定义了2个类Articel和User类
Article:
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@Entity @Table(name = "t_article") public class Article implements Serializable{ private static final long serialVersionUID = 6112067846581696118L; @Id @GeneratedValue private Integer aid; private String title; @Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP) private Date postTime; @Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP) private Date lastEditTime; private String ip; private String tag; private boolean forbidComment;//禁止评论 @ManyToOne @JoinColumn(name = "uid") private User user;
private boolean recommend;//是否是推荐 @Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP) private Date recommendTime;//推荐时间
//setter/getter略 } |
User:
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@Entity @Table(name = "t_user") public class User implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 3703405133265901053L; @Id @GeneratedValue private Integer uid; private String nickname; private String password; //setter/getter略 } |
其中user和article是一对多的关系,是单向的
封装的查询实体SearchArticle
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public class SearchArticle implements Serializable{ private static final long serialVersionUID = -1082122462716689486L; private int page = 1; private int limit; @DateTimeFormat(iso = DateTimeFormat.ISO.DATE_TIME,pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") private Date postTimeStart; @DateTimeFormat(iso = DateTimeFormat.ISO.DATE_TIME,pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") private Date postTimeEnd; @DateTimeFormat(iso = DateTimeFormat.ISO.DATE_TIME,pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") private Date recTimeStart; @DateTimeFormat(iso = DateTimeFormat.ISO.DATE_TIME,pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") private Date recTimeEnd;
private String nickname; |
下面是查询方法
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@Autowired private ArticleRepository articleRepository;
@Override public QueryResult Sort sort = new Sort(Sort.Direction.DESC,"postTime"); Specification Page QueryResult List for (Article article:all.getContent()){ ArticleModel model = new ArticleModel(article.getAid(),article.getTitle(),article.getPostTime(),article.isRecommend(), article.getRecommendTime(),article.getIp(),article.getUser().getUid(),article.getUser().getNickname()); list.add(model); } result.setRows(list); result.setTotal(all.getTotalElements()); return result; }
/** * 动态生成where语句 * @param searchArticle * @return */ private Specification return new Specification @Override public Predicate toPredicate(Root List if(searchArticle.getPostTimeStart()!=null){ predicate.add(cb.greaterThanOrEqualTo(root.get("postTime").as(Date.class), searchArticle.getPostTimeStart())); } if(searchArticle.getPostTimeEnd()!=null){ predicate.add(cb.lessThanOrEqualTo(root.get("postTime").as(Date.class), searchArticle.getPostTimeEnd())); } if(searchArticle.getRecTimeStart()!=null){ predicate.add(cb.greaterThanOrEqualTo(root.get("recommendTime").as(Date.class), searchArticle.getRecTimeStart())); } if (searchArticle.getRecTimeEnd()!=null){ predicate.add(cb.lessThanOrEqualTo(root.get("recommendTime").as(Date.class), searchArticle.getRecTimeEnd())); } if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(searchArticle.getNickname())){ //两张表关联查询 Join predicate.add(cb.like(userJoin.get("nickname").as(String.class), "%" + searchArticle.getNickname() + "%")); } Predicate[] pre = new Predicate[predicate.size()]; return query.where(predicate.toArray(pre)).getRestriction(); } }; } |
其中的 ArticleRepository接口如下,spring data jpa不需要你自己实现dao的接口
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public interface ArticleRepository extends JpaRepository |
原文出处:https://www.cnblogs.com/happyday56/p/4661839.html