WebVirtMgr + KVM 环境中的 Linux 虚拟机部署

网络配置

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• Bridge 和 vSwitch 配置见: KVM + Openvswitch 环境 在 CentOS 7 上的安装
  

• 添加网络 – bridge
  

• 添加网络 – vswitch
  

添加存储池

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• 添加 ISO 镜像卷，用于挂载 ISO 镜像
  

• 添加目录类型卷，用于存放 image
  

创建虚拟机

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• 添加镜像，该镜像为 guest OS 的虚拟硬盘
  

• 添加虚拟机，指定 vCPU 个数、内存以及网卡
  

在虚拟机中安装系统

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• 根据 ISO 镜像大小，修改 nginx 配置文件: vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/webvirtmgr.conf

client_max_body_size 5120M; # Set higher depending on your needs

• 修改后 reload nginx: systemctl reload nginx

• 上传 ISO 镜像
  

• 连接 ISO 镜像
  

• 启动虚拟机，进入控制台，安装系统
  

添加网卡

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• 添加网卡前，查看虚拟机，只有一个网卡
  

• 关闭虚拟机
  

• 编辑虚拟机XML配置文件，为虚拟机添加网卡

• 启动虚拟机，产看 interface，变为两块网卡，网卡添加成功
  

修改 CPU Model

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• 原 CPU model 为 Westmere
  

• 查看 qemu-kvm 支持模拟哪些 CPU model

[root@localhost bin]# qemu-kvm -cpu help
x86           qemu64  QEMU Virtual CPU version 1.5.3                  
x86           phenom  AMD Phenom(tm) 9550 Quad-Core Processor         
x86         core2duo  Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU     T7700  @ 2.40GHz 
x86            kvm64  Common KVM processor                            
x86           qemu32  QEMU Virtual CPU version 1.5.3                  
x86            kvm32  Common 32-bit KVM processor                     
x86          coreduo  Genuine Intel(R) CPU           T2600  @ 2.16GHz 
x86              486                                                  
x86          pentium                                                  
x86         pentium2                                                  
x86         pentium3                                                  
x86           athlon  QEMU Virtual CPU version 1.5.3                  
x86             n270  Intel(R) Atom(TM) CPU N270   @ 1.60GHz          
x86      cpu64-rhel6  QEMU Virtual CPU version (cpu64-rhel6)          
x86           Conroe  Intel Celeron_4x0 (Conroe/Merom Class Core 2)   
x86           Penryn  Intel Core 2 Duo P9xxx (Penryn Class Core 2)    
x86          Nehalem  Intel Core i7 9xx (Nehalem Class Core i7)       
x86     Nehalem-IBRS  Intel Core i7 9xx (Nehalem Core i7, IBRS update)I
x86         Westmere  Westmere E56xx/L56xx/X56xx (Nehalem-C)          <<<<<<<<<<<<< 原 CPU model
x86    Westmere-IBRS  Westmere E56xx/L56xx/X56xx (IBRS update)        
x86      SandyBridge  Intel Xeon E312xx (Sandy Bridge)                
x86 SandyBridge-IBRS  Intel Xeon E312xx (Sandy Bridge, IBRS update)   
x86        IvyBridge  Intel Xeon E3-12xx v2 (Ivy Bridge)              
x86   IvyBridge-IBRS  Intel Xeon E3-12xx v2 (Ivy Bridge, IBRS)        
x86          Haswell  Intel Core Processor (Haswell)                  
x86     Haswell-IBRS  Intel Core Processor (Haswell, IBRS)            
x86        Broadwell  Intel Core Processor (Broadwell)                
x86   Broadwell-IBRS  Intel Core Processor (Broadwell, IBRS)          
x86   Skylake-Client  Intel Core Processor (Skylake)                  
x86 Skylake-Client-IBRS  Intel Core Processor (Skylake, IBRS)            
x86   Skylake-Server  Intel Xeon Processor (Skylake)                  
x86 Skylake-Server-IBRS  Intel Xeon Processor (Skylake, IBRS)            
x86       Opteron_G1  AMD Opteron 240 (Gen 1 Class Opteron)           
x86       Opteron_G2  AMD Opteron 22xx (Gen 2 Class Opteron)          
x86       Opteron_G3  AMD Opteron 23xx (Gen 3 Class Opteron)          
x86       Opteron_G4  AMD Opteron 62xx class CPU                      
x86       Opteron_G5  AMD Opteron 63xx class CPU                      
x86             EPYC  AMD EPYC Processor                              
x86        EPYC-IBPB  AMD EPYC Processor (with IBPB)                  
x86             host  KVM processor with all supported host features (only available in KVM mode)

Recognized CPUID flags:
  pbe ia64 tm ht ss sse2 sse fxsr mmx acpi ds clflush pn pse36 pat cmov mca pge mtrr sep apic cx8 mce pae msr tsc pse de vme fpu
  hypervisor rdrand f16c avx osxsave xsave aes tsc-deadline popcnt movbe x2apic sse4.2|sse4_2 sse4.1|sse4_1 dca pcid pdcm xtpr cx16 fma cid ssse3 tm2 est smx vmx ds_cpl monitor dtes64 pclmulqdq|pclmuldq pni|sse3
  avx512vl avx512bw sha-ni avx512cd avx512er avx512pf clwb clflushopt pcommit avx512ifma smap adx rdseed avx512dq avx512f mpx rtm invpcid erms bmi2 smep avx2 hle bmi1 fsgsbase
  avx512-vpopcntdq ospke pku avx512vbmi
  ssbd arch-facilities stibp spec-ctrl avx512-4fmaps avx512-4vnniw
  3dnow 3dnowext lm|i64 rdtscp pdpe1gb fxsr_opt|ffxsr mmxext nx|xd syscall
  perfctr_nb perfctr_core topoext tbm nodeid_msr tce fma4 lwp wdt skinit xop ibs osvw 3dnowprefetch misalignsse sse4a abm cr8legacy extapic svm cmp_legacy lahf_lm
  ibpb
  pmm-en pmm phe-en phe ace2-en ace2 xcrypt-en xcrypt xstore-en xstore
  kvm_pv_unhalt kvm_pv_eoi kvm_steal_time kvm_asyncpf kvmclock kvm_mmu kvm_nopiodelay kvmclock
  pfthreshold pause_filter decodeassists flushbyasid vmcb_clean tsc_scale nrip_save svm_lock lbrv npt
  xsaves xgetbv1 xsavec xsaveopt

• 关闭虚拟机，修改配置文件中的 CPU model
  

• 保存配置，启动虚拟机失败，提示

operation failed: guest CPU doesn't match specification: extra features: hypervisor, missing features: pclmuldq,fma,movbe,aes,xsave,avx,f16c,rdrand,arat,fsgsbase,bmi1,hle,avx2,smep,bmi2,erms,invpcid,rtm,mpx,avx512f,avx512dq,rdseed,adx,smap,clwb,avx512cd,avx512bw,avx512vl,xsaveopt,xsavec,xgetbv1,abm,3dnowprefetch 

• 再次编辑配置文件，disable 提示中所列的 features

  
    Skylake-Server
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  

• 查看修改后的 CPU model，变为 Skylake，修改成功
  

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虚拟机（guest OS）创建成功啦！

• 可通过 virsh 命令查看和配置虚拟机

[root@localhost ~]# virsh list --all
 Id    Name                           State
----------------------------------------------------
 5     test_ubuntu                    running
 -     test                           shut off

[root@localhost ~]# virsh dominfo test_ubuntu  
Id:             5
Name:           test_ubuntu
UUID:           b1a3e608-c8d1-aad1-8434-24ae763f2830
OS Type:        hvm
State:          running
CPU(s):         2
CPU time:       123.2s
Max memory:     4194304 KiB
Used memory:    4194304 KiB
Persistent:     yes
Autostart:      disable
Managed save:   no
Security model: none
Security DOI:   0

[root@localhost ~]# virsh domiflist test_ubuntu
Interface  Type       Source     Model       MAC
-------------------------------------------------------
vnet0      bridge     mgmt       virtio      52:54:00:fe:6d:c1


[root@localhost ~]# virsh dumpxml test_ubuntu

  test_ubuntu
  b1a3e608-c8d1-aad1-8434-24ae763f2830
  None
  4194304
  4194304
  2
  
    /machine
  
  
    hvm
    
    
    
  
......