kubernetes入门学习-四-基本命令学习-service ip了解-动态伸缩-回滚
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kubectl命令：通过此命令对pod、service、replicaset、statefulet、daemonset、job、cronjob、node等完成增删查。
[root@master ~]# kubectl
kubectl controls the Kubernetes cluster manager.
Find more information at: https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubectl/overview/
Basic Commands (Beginner):
create Create a resource from a file or from stdin.
expose Take a replication controller, service, deployment or pod and expose it as a new Kubernetes Service
run Run a particular image on the cluster
set Set specific features on objects
Basic Commands (Intermediate):
explain Documentation of resources
get Display one or many resources
edit Edit a resource on the server
delete Delete resources by filenames, stdin, resources and names, or by resources and label selector
Deploy Commands:
rollout Manage the rollout of a resource
scale Set a new size for a Deployment, ReplicaSet, Replication Controller, or Job
autoscale Auto-scale a Deployment, ReplicaSet, or ReplicationController
Cluster Management Commands:
certificate Modify certificate resources.
cluster-info Display cluster info
top Display Resource (CPU/Memory/Storage) usage.
cordon Mark node as unschedulable
uncordon Mark node as schedulable
drain Drain node in preparation for maintenance
taint Update the taints on one or more nodes 污点
Troubleshooting and Debugging Commands: 解决问题的
describe Show details of a specific resource or group of resources
logs Print the logs for a container in a pod
attach Attach to a running container
exec Execute a command in a container
port-forward Forward one or more local ports to a pod
proxy Run a proxy to the Kubernetes API server
cp Copy files and directories to and from containers.
auth Inspect authorization
Advanced Commands:
diff Diff live version against would-be applied version
apply Apply a configuration to a resource by filename or stdin
patch Update field(s) of a resource using strategic merge patch
replace Replace a resource by filename or stdin
wait Experimental: Wait for a specific condition on one or many resources.
convert Convert config files between different API versions
Settings Commands:
label Update the labels on a resource
annotate Update the annotations on a resource
completion Output shell completion code for the specified shell (bash or zsh)
Other Commands:
api-resources Print the supported API resources on the server
api-versions Print the supported API versions on the server, in the form of "group/version"
config Modify kubeconfig files
plugin Provides utilities for interacting with plugins.
version Print the client and server version information
Usage:
kubectl [flags] [options]
Use "kubectl
Use "kubectl options" for a list of global command-line options (applies to all commands).
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查看版本信息
kubectl version
查看集群信息
kubectl cluster-info
查看节点详细信息
kubectl describe node master/node01/node02
kubectl describe svc nginx
查看pod
kubectl get pods/nodes
kubectl get pods -o wide
kubectl get deployments
删除pod
kubectl delete pod nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-9h9wm
kubectl delete pod nginx-5c7588df-9xvbn
kubectl delete svc nginx-deploy
kubectl delete deployment wolf
kubectl get pods -o yaml | kubectl delete -f - 删除全部
创建控制器
kubectl run --help
kubectl run nginx-deploy --image=nginx:1.14-alpine --port=80 --replicas=1 --dry-run=true
kubectl run nginx --image=nginx:1.14-alpine --port=80 --replicas=2
kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
kubectl run client --image=busybox --replicas=1 -it --restart=Never
kubectl run wolf --image=busybox --replicas=2
暴露端口
kubectl expose deployment nginx-deploy --name=nginx-deploy --port=80 --protocol=TCP
动态伸缩
kubectl scale --replicas=5 deployment nginx
kubectl scale --replicas=3 deployment nginx
滚动升级
kubectl set image deployment nginx nginx=nginx 这个环境没准备容器,感受一下过程
kubectl rollout status deployment nginx
默认回滚到上一个版本
kubectl rollout undo deployment nginx
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service_ip:service_pod---->pod_ip:port_port
被集群内部访问
Type for this service: ClusterIP, NodePort, LoadBalancer, or ExternalName. Default is 'ClusterIP'
kubectl expose --help
kubectl expose deployment nginx-deploy --name=nginx-deploy --port=80 --protocol=TCP
kubectl get pod,svc
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修改镜像站
kubeadm config images pull --config image.yaml
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测试
[root@master ingress-nginx]# kubectl version
Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"13", GitVersion:"v1.13.3", GitCommit:"721bfa751924da8d1680787490c54b9179b1fed0", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2019-02-01T20:08:12Z", GoVersion:"go1.11.5", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
Server Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"13", GitVersion:"v1.13.3", GitCommit:"721bfa751924da8d1680787490c54b9179b1fed0", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2019-02-01T20:00:57Z", GoVersion:"go1.11.5", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
[root@master ingress-nginx]# kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes master is running at https://10.249.6.100:6443
KubeDNS is running at https://10.249.6.100:6443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns:dns/proxy
To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'.
[root@master ingress-nginx]# kubectl describe node master
Name: master
Roles: master
Labels: beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64
beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux
kubernetes.io/hostname=master
node-role.kubernetes.io/master=
Annotations: flannel.alpha.coreos.com/backend-data: {"VtepMAC":"6a:63:a1:96:b6:66"}
flannel.alpha.coreos.com/backend-type: vxlan
flannel.alpha.coreos.com/kube-subnet-manager: true
flannel.alpha.coreos.com/public-ip: 10.249.6.100
kubeadm.alpha.kubernetes.io/cri-socket: /var/run/dockershim.sock
node.alpha.kubernetes.io/ttl: 0
volumes.kubernetes.io/controller-managed-attach-detach: true
CreationTimestamp: Thu, 28 Feb 2019 06:23:41 -0500
Taints: node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule
Unschedulable: false
Conditions:
Type Status LastHeartbeatTime LastTransitionTime Reason Message
---- ------ ----------------- ------------------ ------ -------
MemoryPressure False Thu, 28 Feb 2019 09:29:34 -0500 Thu, 28 Feb 2019 06:23:33 -0500 KubeletHasSufficientMemory kubelet has sufficient memory available
DiskPressure False Thu, 28 Feb 2019 09:29:34 -0500 Thu, 28 Feb 2019 06:23:33 -0500 KubeletHasNoDiskPressure kubelet has no disk pressure
PIDPressure False Thu, 28 Feb 2019 09:29:34 -0500 Thu, 28 Feb 2019 06:23:33 -0500 KubeletHasSufficientPID kubelet has sufficient PID available
Ready True Thu, 28 Feb 2019 09:29:34 -0500 Thu, 28 Feb 2019 06:41:02 -0500 KubeletReady kubelet is posting ready status
Addresses:
InternalIP: 10.249.6.100
Hostname: master
Capacity:
cpu: 40
ephemeral-storage: 266110Mi
hugepages-1Gi: 0
hugepages-2Mi: 0
memory: 32612544Ki
pods: 110
Allocatable:
cpu: 40
ephemeral-storage: 251132903009
hugepages-1Gi: 0
hugepages-2Mi: 0
memory: 32510144Ki
pods: 110
System Info:
Machine ID: 904f126630e44103b404c0adc7b66d6f
System UUID: 4C023761-E90B-E611-9DB5-7CD30AB13074
Boot ID: e316bea7-ec44-4d1e-b9b6-e46e0cd74087
Kernel Version: 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
OS Image: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
Operating System: linux
Architecture: amd64
Container Runtime Version: docker://18.9.2
Kubelet Version: v1.13.3
Kube-Proxy Version: v1.13.3
PodCIDR: 10.244.0.0/24
Non-terminated Pods: (8 in total)
Namespace Name CPU Requests CPU Limits Memory Requests Memory Limits AGE
--------- ---- ------------ ---------- --------------- ------------- ---
kube-system coredns-86c58d9df4-fltl9 100m (0%) 0 (0%) 70Mi (0%) 170Mi (0%) 3h5m
kube-system coredns-86c58d9df4-kdm2h 100m (0%) 0 (0%) 70Mi (0%) 170Mi (0%) 3h5m
kube-system etcd-master 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 3h4m
kube-system kube-apiserver-master 250m (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 3h4m
kube-system kube-controller-manager-master 200m (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 3h4m
kube-system kube-flannel-ds-amd64-px2rk 100m (0%) 100m (0%) 50Mi (0%) 50Mi (0%) 168m
kube-system kube-proxy-zndjb 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 3h5m
kube-system kube-scheduler-master 100m (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 3h4m
Allocated resources:
(Total limits may be over 100 percent, i.e., overcommitted.)
Resource Requests Limits
-------- -------- ------
cpu 850m (2%) 100m (0%)
memory 190Mi (0%) 390Mi (1%)
ephemeral-storage 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Events:
查看系统内部组件信息
[root@master ingress-nginx]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
coredns-86c58d9df4-fltl9 1/1 Running 0 4h 10.244.0.3 master
coredns-86c58d9df4-kdm2h 1/1 Running 0 4h 10.244.0.2 master
etcd-master 1/1 Running 0 3h59m 10.249.6.100 master
kube-apiserver-master 1/1 Running 0 3h59m 10.249.6.100 master
kube-controller-manager-master 1/1 Running 0 3h59m 10.249.6.100 master
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-78tgg 1/1 Running 0 3h43m 10.249.6.102 node02
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-px2rk 1/1 Running 1 3h43m 10.249.6.100 master
kube-flannel-ds-amd64-qdbzq 1/1 Running 1 3h43m 10.249.6.101 node01
kube-proxy-6fp6m 1/1 Running 0 3h50m 10.249.6.102 node02
kube-proxy-wv6gg 1/1 Running 0 3h50m 10.249.6.101 node01
kube-proxy-zndjb 1/1 Running 0 4h 10.249.6.100 master
kube-scheduler-master 1/1 Running 0 3h59m 10.249.6.100 master
[root@master ingress-nginx]# kubectl get svc -n kube-system
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kube-dns ClusterIP 10.96.0.10
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创建控制器
[root@master ingress-nginx]#kubectl run --help
[root@master ingress-nginx]#kubectl run nginx-deploy --image=nginx:1.14-alpine --port=80 --replicas=1 --dry-run=true
[root@master ingress-nginx]#kubectl run nginx-deploy --image=nginx:1.14-alpine --port=80 --replicas=1
[root@master ingress-nginx]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-5c7588df-9xvbn 1/1 Running 0 44m
nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-9h9wm 1/1 Running 0 59s
[root@master ingress-nginx]# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
nginx-5c7588df-9xvbn 1/1 Running 0 46m 10.244.2.2 node02
nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-9h9wm 1/1 Running 0 2m40s 10.244.2.3 node02
[root@node01 ~]# curl 10.244.2.2
Welcome to nginx!
If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.
For online documentation and support please refer to
nginx.org.
Commercial support is available at
nginx.com.
pods名称全部改变
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-775ff75bc8-lzrts 1/1 Running 0 2m58s
nginx-775ff75bc8-nj2m6 1/1 Running 0 2m56s
nginx-775ff75bc8-q857h 1/1 Running 0 3m
nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-mjcw5 1/1 Running 0 74m
默认回滚到上一个版本
kubectl rollout undo deployment nginx
[root@master ~]# kubectl rollout undo deployment nginx
deployment.extensions/nginx rolled back
群名称：k8s学习群 群 号：153144292