iOS中访问和修改一个类的私有属性

访问和修改类的私有属性由一下两种方法实现:

1.通过KVC获取

2.通过runtime访问并修改


定义Person类:

.h文件

#import 

@interface Person : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *name;
-(void)sayHello;
@end

.m文件

#import "Person.h"
@interface Person()

@property (nonatomic,strong) NSString *address;

@end

@implementation Person

-(instancetype)init{
    self = [super init];
    if (self) {
        _address = @"三里屯";
        self.name = @"张晓";
    }
    return self;
}

- (NSString *)description
{
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"我的名字是: %@, 居住在: %@",self.name, self.address];
}

-(void)sayHello{
     NSLog(@"hello ,I'm at %@",self.address);
}
@end


方法一:KVC(键值编码):


 Person *onePerson = [[Person alloc]init];
    NSLog(@"未修改前: %@",onePerson.description);

 [onePerson setValue:@"西二旗" forKey:@"address"];
    NSLog(@"通过KVO修改私有属性后:%@",[onePerson description]);

打印结果:

2017-02-14 17:30:43.877 chermon[11436:190372] 未修改前: 我的名字是: 张晓, 居住在: 三里屯
2017-02-14 17:30:43.878 chermon[11436:190372] 通过KVO修改私有属性后:我的名字是: 张晓, 居住在: 西二旗


方法二: 通过runtime:


Person *onePerson = [[Person alloc]init];
    NSLog(@"未修改前: %@",onePerson.description);
    
    unsigned int count = 0;
    
    //获取指定类的Ivar列表及Ivar个数
    Ivar *member = class_copyIvarList([Person class], &count);
    
    for(int i = 0; i < count; i++){
        Ivar var = member[i];
        //获取Ivar的名称
        const char *memberAddress = ivar_getName(var);
        //获取Ivar的类型
        const char *memberType = ivar_getTypeEncoding(var);
        NSLog(@"address = %s ; type = %s",memberAddress,memberType);
    }
    
    //设置实例对象中Ivar的值
    object_setIvar(onePerson, member[1], @"海淀区");
    
    NSLog(@"通过runtime修改私有属性后:%@",[onePerson description]);

打印结果:

2017-02-14 17:34:46.388 chermon[11487:193486] 未修改前: 我的名字是: 张晓, 居住在: 三里屯
2017-02-14 17:34:46.389 chermon[11487:193486] address = _name ; type = @"NSString"
2017-02-14 17:34:46.389 chermon[11487:193486] address = _address ; type = @"NSString"
2017-02-14 17:34:46.389 chermon[11487:193486] 通过runtime修改私有属性后:我的名字是: 张晓, 居住在: 海淀区


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