Mybatis从小白到大神

1. Mybatis介绍

MyBatis是支持普通SQL查询存储过程高级映射的优秀持久层框架。MyBatis消除了几乎所有的JDBC代码和参数的手工设置以及对结果集的检索封装。MyBatis可以使用简单的XML或注解用于配置和原始映射,将接口和Java的POJO(Plain Old Java Objects,普通的Java对象)映射成数据库中的记录.

JDBC→MyBatis→Hibernate

Hibernate与mybatis区别

   Hibernate是从对象得到SQL

   Mybatis 是从sql得到对象

2.mybatis快速入门

编写第一个基于mybaits的测试例子:

2.1. 添加jar包

【mybatis】

mybatis-3.1.1.jar

【MYSQL驱动包】
mysql-connector-java-5.1.7-bin.jar

2.2. 建库+表

create database mybatis;
use mybatis;
CREATE TABLE users(id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, NAME VARCHAR(20), age INT);
INSERT INTO users(NAME, age) VALUES('Tom', 12);
INSERT INTO users(NAME, age) VALUES('Jack', 11);

2.3. 添加Mybatis的配置文件conf.xml




	
		
			
			
				
				
				
				
			
		
	

2.4. 定义表所对应的实体类

public class User {
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private int age;
    //get,set方法
}

2.5. 定义操作users表的sql映射文件userMapper.xml


 
 
	

2.6. 在conf.xml文件中注册userMapper.xml文件


	

2.7. 编写测试代码:执行定义的select语句

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		String resource = "conf.xml"; 
		//加载mybatis的配置文件(它也加载关联的映射文件)
		Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader(resource); 
		//构建sqlSession的工厂
		SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);
		//创建能执行映射文件中sql的sqlSession
		SqlSession session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		//映射sql的标识字符串
		String statement = "com.xhz.mybatis.bean.userMapper"+".selectUser";
		//执行查询返回一个唯一user对象的sql
		User user = session.selectOne(statement, 1);
		System.out.println(user);
	}
}

3. 操作users表的CRUD

3.1. XML的实现

1). 定义sql映射xml文件:


	insert into users(name, age) values(#{name}, #{age});



	delete from users where id=#{id}

		

	update users set name=#{name},age=#{age} where id=#{id}

		

		

2). 在config.xml中注册这个映射文件

3). 在dao中调用:

public User getUserById(int id) {
	SqlSession session = sessionFactory.openSession();
	User user = session.selectOne(URI+".selectUser", id);
	return user;
}

3.2. 注解的实现

1). 定义sql映射的接口

public interface UserMapper {
	@Insert("insert into users(name, age) values(#{name}, #{age})")
	public int insertUser(User user);

	@Delete("delete from users where id=#{id}")
	public int deleteUserById(int id);
			
	@Update("update users set name=#{name},age=#{age} where id=#{id}")
	public int updateUser(User user);

	@Select("select * from users where id=#{id}")
	public User getUserById(int id);

	@Select("select * from users")
	public List getAllUser();
}

2). 在config中注册这个映射接口

3). 在dao类中调用

public User getUserById(int id) {
	SqlSession session = sessionFactory.openSession();
	UserMapper mapper = session.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
	User user = mapper.getUserById(id);
	return user;
}

4. 几个可以优化的地方

4.1. 连接数据库的配置单独放在一个properties文件中

## db.properties






4.2. 为实体类定义别名,简化sql映射xml文件中的引用


	

4.3. 可以在src下加入log4j的配置文件,打印日志信息

1. 添加jar: 
	log4j-1.2.16.jar

2.1. log4j.properties(方式一)

	log4j.properties,
	log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, Console
	#Console
	log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
	log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
	log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%t] %-5p [%c] - %m%n
	log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet=INFO
	log4j.logger.org.apache=INFO
	log4j.logger.java.sql.Connection=DEBUG
	log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement=DEBUG
	log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement=DEBUG

2.2. log4j.xml(方式二)




	
		
			
		
	
	
		
	
	
		
	
	
		
		
	

5. 解决字段名与实体类属性名不相同的冲突

5.1. 准备表和数据:

CREATE TABLE orders(
	order_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
	order_no VARCHAR(20), 
	order_price FLOAT
);
INSERT INTO orders(order_no, order_price) VALUES('aaaa', 23);
INSERT INTO orders(order_no, order_price) VALUES('bbbb', 33);
INSERT INTO orders(order_no, order_price) VALUES('cccc', 22);

5.2. 定义实体类:

public class Order {
	private int id;
	private String orderNo;
	private float price;
}

5.3. 实现getOrderById(id)的查询:

方式一: 通过在sql语句中定义别名

		
方式二: 通过



	
	
	

6.实现关联表查询

6.1. 一对一关联

1). 提出需求

根据班级id查询班级信息(带老师的信息)

2). 创建表和数据

CREATE TABLE teacher(
	t_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, 
	t_name VARCHAR(20)
);
CREATE TABLE class(
	c_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, 
	c_name VARCHAR(20), 
	teacher_id INT
);
ALTER TABLE class ADD CONSTRAINT fk_teacher_id FOREIGN KEY (teacher_id) REFERENCES teacher(t_id);	

INSERT INTO teacher(t_name) VALUES('融e学网-小盒子');
INSERT INTO teacher(t_name) VALUES('融e学网-小桃子');

INSERT INTO class(c_name, teacher_id) VALUES('bj_a', 1);
INSERT INTO class(c_name, teacher_id) VALUES('bj_b', 2);

3). 定义实体类:

public class Teacher {
	private int id;
	private String name;
}
public class Classes {
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private Teacher teacher;
}

4). 定义sql映射文件ClassMapper.xml




	
	
	
		
		
	




 
 
	
	
	

 

 

5). 测试

@Test
public void testOO() {
	SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
	Classes c = sqlSession.selectOne("com.xhz.day03_mybatis.test5.OOMapper.getClass", 1);
	System.out.println(c);
}

@Test
public void testOO2() {
	SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
	Classes c = sqlSession.selectOne("com.xhz.day03_mybatis.test5.OOMapper.getClass2", 1);
	System.out.println(c);
}

Mybatis从小白到大神_第1张图片

6.2. 一对多关联

1). 提出需求

根据classId查询对应的班级信息,包括学生,老师

2). 创建表和数据:

CREATE TABLE student(
	s_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, 
	s_name VARCHAR(20), 
	class_id INT
);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('xs_A', 1);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('xs_B', 1);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('xs_C', 1);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('xs_D', 2);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('xs_E', 2);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('xs_F', 2);

3). 定义实体类:

public class Student {
	private int id;
	private String name;
}

public class Classes {
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private Teacher teacher;
	private List students;
}

4). 定义sql映射文件ClassMapper.xml




	
	
	
		
		
	
	
	
		
		
	



 
 
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 

5). 测试:

@Test
public void testOM() {
	SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
	Classes c = sqlSession.selectOne("com.xhz.day03_mybatis.test5.OOMapper.getClass3", 1);
	System.out.println(c);
}

@Test
public void testOM2() {
	SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
	Classes c = sqlSession.selectOne("com.xhz.day03_mybatis.test5.OOMapper.getClass4", 1);
	System.out.println(c);
}

7. 动态SQL与模糊查询

7.1. 提出需求:

实现多条件查询用户(姓名模糊匹配, 年龄在指定的最小值到最大值之间)

7.2. 准备数据表和数据:

create table d_user(  
	id int primary key auto_increment,  
	name varchar(10),
	age int(3)
); 

insert into d_user(name,age) values('Tom',12);  
insert into d_user(name,age) values('Bob',13);  
insert into d_user(name,age) values('Jack',18);

7.3. ConditionUser(查询条件实体类)

private String name;
private int minAge;
private int maxAge;

7.4. User(表实体类)

private int id;
private String name;
private int age;

7.5. userMapper.xml(映射文件)

 


    

7.6. UserTest(测试)

public class UserTest {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		
		Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader("conf.xml");
		
		SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);
		
		SqlSession sqlSession = sessionFactory.openSession();
		
		String statement = "com.xhz.day03_mybatis.test6.userMapper.getUser";
		
		List list = sqlSession.selectList(statement, new ConditionUser("%a%", 1, 12));
		
		System.out.println(list);
	}
}

MyBatis中可用的动态SQL标签

Mybatis从小白到大神_第2张图片

8.调用存储过程

8.1. 提出需求:

查询得到男性或女性的数量, 如果传入的是0就女性否则是男性

8.2. 准备数据库表和存储过程:

create table p_user(  
	id int primary key auto_increment,  
	name varchar(10),
	sex char(2)
); 

insert into p_user(name,sex) values('A',"男");  
insert into p_user(name,sex) values('B',"女");  
insert into p_user(name,sex) values('C',"男");  

#创建存储过程(查询得到男性或女性的数量, 如果传入的是0就女性否则是男性)
DELIMITER $
CREATE PROCEDURE mybatis.ges_user_count(IN sex_id INT, OUT user_count INT)
BEGIN  
IF sex_id=0 THEN
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM mybatis.p_user WHERE p_user.sex='女' INTO user_count;
ELSE
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM mybatis.p_user WHERE p_user.sex='男' INTO user_count;
END IF;
END 
$

#调用存储过程
DELIMITER ;
SET @user_count = 0;
CALL mybatis.ges_user_count(1, @user_count);
SELECT @user_count;

8.3. 创建表的实体类

public class User {
	private String id;
	private String name;
	private String sex;
}

8.4. userMapper.xml


	
	 
	 
	 	
	 	
	 

8.5. 测试调用:

Map paramMap = new HashMap<>();
paramMap.put("sex_id", 0);

session.selectOne(statement, paramMap);
		
Integer userCount = paramMap.get("user_count");
System.out.println(userCount);

Mybatis从小白到大神_第3张图片

9. Mybatis缓存

9.1. 理解MyBatis缓存

正如大多数持久层框架一样,MyBatis 同样提供了一级缓存二级缓存的支持

1. 一级缓存: 基于PerpetualCache 的 HashMap本地缓存,其存储作用域为 Session,当 Session flush 或 close 之后,该Session中的所有 Cache 就将清空。

2. 二级缓存与一级缓存其机制相同,默认也是采用 PerpetualCache,HashMap存储,不同在于其存储作用域为 Mapper(Namespace),并且可自定义存储源,如 Ehcache。

3. 对于缓存数据更新机制,当某一个作用域(一级缓存Session/二级缓存Namespaces)的进行了 C/U/D 操作后,默认该作用域下所有 select 中的缓存将被clear。

9.2. Mybatis一级缓存

1) 提出需求:

根据id查询对应的用户记录对象

2). 准备数据库表和数据

CREATE TABLE c_user(
	id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, 
	NAME VARCHAR(20), 
	age INT
);
INSERT INTO c_user(NAME, age) VALUES('Tom', 12);
INSERT INTO c_user(NAME, age) VALUES('Jack', 11);

3). 创建表的实体类

public class User implements Serializable{

	private int id;
	private String name;
	private int age;
}

4). userMapper.xml





	

	
		update c_user set
		name=#{name}, age=#{age} where id=#{id}
	

5). 测试:

/*
 * 一级缓存: 也就Session级的缓存(默认开启)
 */
@Test
public void testCache1() {
	SqlSession session = MybatisUtils.getSession();
	String statement = "com.xhz.mybatis.test8.userMapper.getUser";
	User user = session.selectOne(statement, 1);
	System.out.println(user);
	
	/*
	 * 一级缓存默认就会被使用
	 */
	/*
	user = session.selectOne(statement, 1);
	System.out.println(user);
	*/
	
	/*
	 1. 必须是同一个Session,如果session对象已经close()过了就不可能用了 
	 */
	/*
	session = MybatisUtils.getSession();
	user = session.selectOne(statement, 1);
	System.out.println(user);
	*/
	
	/*
	 2. 查询条件是一样的
	 */
	/*
	user = session.selectOne(statement, 2);
	System.out.println(user);
	*/
	
	/*
	 3. 没有执行过session.clearCache()清理缓存
	 */
	/*
	session.clearCache(); 
	user = session.selectOne(statement, 2);
	System.out.println(user);
	*/
	
	/*
	 4. 没有执行过增删改的操作(这些操作都会清理缓存)
	 */
	/*
	session.update("com.xhz.mybatis.test8.userMapper.updateUser",
			new User(2, "user", 23));
	user = session.selectOne(statement, 2);
	System.out.println(user);
	*/
}

9.3. Mybatis二级缓存

1). 添加一个在userMapper.xml中


	

2). 测试

/*
 * 测试二级缓存
 */
@Test
public void testCache2() {
	String statement = "com.xhz.mybatis.test8.userMapper.getUser";

	SqlSession session = MybatisUtils.getSession();
	User user = session.selectOne(statement, 1);
	session.commit();
	System.out.println("user="+user);
	
	SqlSession session2 = MybatisUtils.getSession();
	user = session2.selectOne(statement, 1);
	session.commit();
	System.out.println("user2="+user);
}

3). 补充说明

1. 映射语句文件中的所有select语句将会被缓存。

2. 映射语句文件中的所有insert,update和delete语句会刷新缓存。 

3. 缓存会使用Least Recently Used(LRU,最近最少使用的)算法来收回。 

4. 缓存会根据指定的时间间隔来刷新。

5. 缓存会存储1024个对象

 //只读

10. spring集成mybatis

10.1. 添加Jar包

【mybatis】

mybatis-3.2.0.jar

mybatis-spring-1.1.1.jar

log4j-1.2.17.jar

【spring】

spring-aop-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

spring-beans-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

spring-context-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

spring-core-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

spring-expression-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

spring-jdbc-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

spring-test-3.2.4.RELEASE.jar

spring-tx-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

 

aopalliance-1.0.jar

cglib-nodep-2.2.3.jar

commons-logging-1.1.1.jar

【MYSQL驱动包】

mysql-connector-java-5.0.4-bin.jar

10.2. 数据库表

CREATE TABLE s_user(
	user_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
	user_name VARCHAR(30),
	user_birthday DATE,
	user_salary DOUBLE
)

10.3. 实体类: User

public class User {

	private int id;
	private String name;
	private Date birthday;
	private double salary;
    
    //set,get方法
}

10.4. DAO接口: UserMapper (XXXMapper)

public interface UserMapper {

	void save(User user);
	void update(User user);
	void delete(int id);
	User findById(int id);
	List findAll();
}

10.5. SQL映射文件: userMapper.xml(与接口忽略大小写同名)





	
		
		
		
		
	

	
	
		insert into s_user(user_name,user_birthday,user_salary)
		values(#{name},#{birthday},#{salary})
	

	
		update s_user
		set user_name = #{name},
			user_birthday = #{birthday},
			user_salary = #{salary}
		where user_id = #{id}
	
	
	
		delete from s_user
		where user_id = #{id}
	

	
	
	

10.6. spring的配置文件: beans.xml



	
	
		
		
		
		
	
	
	
	
		
		
	

	
	
		
		
	 
	
	
	
		
	 

	
	
	

10.7. mybatis的配置文件: mybatis-config.xml





	
	
	
	
		

10.8. 测试

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) //使用Springtest测试框架
@ContextConfiguration("/beans.xml") //加载配置
public class SMTest {

	@Autowired  //注入
	private UserMapper userMapper;

	@Test
	public void save() {
		User user = new User();
		user.setBirthday(new Date());
		user.setName("marry");
		user.setSalary(300);
		userMapper.save(user);
		System.out.println(user.getId());
	}

	@Test
	public void update() {
		User user = userMapper.findById(2);
		user.setSalary(2000);
		userMapper.update(user);
	}

	@Test
	public void delete() {
		userMapper.delete(3);
	}

	@Test
	public void findById() {
		User user = userMapper.findById(1);
		System.out.println(user);
	}

	@Test
	public void findAll() {
		List users = userMapper.findAll();
		System.out.println(users);
	}
}

 

你可能感兴趣的:(Java,遨游SSM的海洋)